Digestive Anatomy Review
list two main divisions of the digestive system
alimentary canal accessory organs
the single digestive function of the liver is to produce ______
bile
absorption of nutrients occurs through the mucosal epithelium and into either _________ or _______ vessels
blood capillaries or lymph
the microvilli of the small intestinees epithelial cells form the _____ border
brush
List four regions of the stomach
cardia, fundus, body, pylorus
The mucosa includes a type of columnar _____ that forms the inner lining of the lumen.
cells
list, in order from the pylorus to the colon, the three regions of the small intestine
duodenum, jejunum. ileum
_______ cells of the mucosa secrete hormones into the blood
enterendocrine
the muscularis mucosa has both ________ and _______ fibers that function in moving the villi to aid in digestion and absorption.
inner circular fibers and outer longitudinal fibers
blood and lymph vessels of the mucousa are found in its ____ ____ connective tissue layer.
lamina propria
list the three sheets of muscle in the stomachs muscularis externa
longitudinal, circular, oblique
the four main layers of the digestive tract wall are
mucosa submucosa muscularis externa serosa
the function of epithelial goblet cells is to secrete
mucous
the smooth muscle layer of the mucosa is called the ______ ______
muscularis mucosae
The network of neurons in between the two muscle layers of the muscularis externa is the _______ ________
myenteric plexus
the main digestive enzyme producing organ in the body is the
pancreas
the two types of movements produced by contractions of the muscularis externa are _______ and ________
peristalisis and segmentation
from largest to smallest, list the three modifications of the small intestines inner wall that function to increase surface area
plicae, villi, microvilli
three pairs of ______ ______ function to moisten food in the mouth
salivary glands
the anus is liined with ___ _____ epithelium.
stratified squamous
the mouth, with its ____ ______ epithelium, is involved in both chemical and _______ digestion.
stratified squamous, mechanicla
the built in (intrinsic) network of nerve cells in the submucosa is the __________ _______
submucosal plexus
list the 6 sphincters of the digestive tract
upper esophageal, lower esophageal, pyloric, ileocecal, anal
the large intestine absorbs ____, _____, and ____
water, electrolytes, vitamins