DNA
how many bonds are between Adenine and Thymine? Cytosine and Guanine?
A and T have 2 G and C have 3
If the DNA in all cells is exactly the same, how do some cells become brain cells and others become skin cells?
A cell has the ability to turn off most genes and only work with the genes necessary to do the job or preform there specific function.
What effect can a mutation have on protein synthesis?
A cell would produce the wrong protein
Explain how protein synthesis is like a restaurant?
A customer (DNA) places and order. The server (mRNA) bring the order (code) to the chef (ribosome). the sus Chef (tRNA) assembles all of the food and plate the it (protein).
Explain why these bases have to bond together like they do?
A purine bases has to match up with a pyridine so they can fit together and have hydrogen bonds between them.
Which nitrogen bases are purines and which are pyridines?
Adenine and Guanine are purines Thymine and Cytosine are pyrimidines
How do the nitrogen bases bond together according to the base pair rule?
Adenine will only bond with Thymine and Guanine will only bond with Cytosine.
what is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic?
Aerobic uses oxygen for fuel and aerobic doesn't need energy/oxygen for fuel
What is a mutation?
Change in Gene or Chromosome
What are the 3 structural differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA | RNA Double Helix Single Helix sugar Deoxyribose nucleotides contain sugar Ribose Thymine base Uracil Base
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is the shape of DNA?
Double Helix
Explain how DNA is like a language.
Has NITROGEN BASES like letters in the alphabet Has AMINO ACID like a word Has PROTEINS like sentences Has GENE like a paragraph Has DNA Like a book
what holds the nitrogen bases together?
Hydrogen Bonds
What is protein synthesis?
It is when a ribosome makes a protein
How can a mutation be harmful and helpful?
Mutation can be helpful by improving an organisms chance of survival and reproduction. Mutation can be harmful by reducing an organisms chance of survival and reproduction.
what holds the sugars together?
Phosphite
why can't 2 purines bond together? Pyrimidines?
Purines are to big Pyrimidines to small
What is the difference between fast twitch and slow twitch muscles?
Slow twitch the muscle fibers can operate for a long time and fast twice the muscle fibers contract and relax quickly with quick short burst of strength and speed.
What are the 3 parts of a Nucleotide?
Sugar, Phosphate, Nitrogen base
What are the sides of the DNA ladder made of? The rungs?
The sides are made up of alternating Sugar and Phosphate molecules. The rungs are made up of the 4 Nitrogen bases.
why can't Adenine and Cytosine bond together? Guanine and Thymine?
They don't fit because of there bonds
what are the 4 Nitrogen bases?
Thymine, Adenine, Guanine,Cytosine
what is the role of mRNA?
To bring the message from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
Why do we need RNA?
We need RNA because it is smaller because it has 1 stand not 2. Than DNA so it can travel though the nuclear pores and get the code from the DNA. This is through the messenger RNA
What does RNA stand for?
ribonucleic acid
what organelle is responsible for creating proteins?
ribosome
What is the role of tRNA?
to attach the amino acids where they belong
Explain how this particular test worked
you send saliva samples than they test the samples if you have 2 X forms you are best suited for endurance sports and if you got 2 R it means you have abetter chance and power sports. If you have X and R than you are suited for both.
