Dracula Final

Christopher Lee (1922 - 2015)

"Horror of Dracula" (Called Dracula in Britain) Part of "British Invasion" One of the reasons the haze code dies Displays more violence and sexuality -- first vampire film in color Christopher Lee changes image of Dracula --> Evil British Aristocrat who flies into rages Beginning of vampire in Japanese culture First time vampire dies violently in sunlight -- Lee falls back into sunlight and claws face off Lee didn't want to be defined by Dracula like Lugozi

What important scene was never filmed until Dracula (1992)?

"The Gypsy Chase Scene" in which they are actually chasing down Dracula on horse carriages and shit.

Dark Shadows

(1966 @4pm in June) Gothic soap opera Victoria winters hired as a nanny for Collins family --> writes in her diary & it leads into the episode Barnabus Collins sold the show -- was a vampire --> Presented as a sympathetic vampire -- becomes a vampire because he cheats on his wife with a witch -- tells his wife and she kills herself Start of vampire on television

Rabies

- had a significant effect on idea of the vampire - latin for "fury / madness" - transmissible disease from animals to humans; ex: organ transfers, saliva and biting -gets into nervous system and causes brain to swell -can begin to see symptoms in 2-8wks, fast acting -treatment= 5-6 shots over a period of weeks, once symptoms start to show though, not good -normally starts with flu like symptoms, anxiety/depression, psychosis, insomnia, aggressiveness, foaming of the mouth -experience hydrophobia; fear of water, won't drink anything b/c of throat spasms, start foaming because can't swallow saliva -rabies was an epidemic during the vampire epidemic -in humans, have to restrain humans when progresses to worst state -people will avoid their own reflection/reflection in water, garlic due to strong smell -can experience shapeshifting if start to act like the animal that bit them

Porphyria

- nicknamed "Vampire Disease" -rare genetic disease; appeared in eastern Europe from inbreeding -greek in origin; means "to turn purple" -8 different types/strains -heme (helps with liver enzymes, and hemoglobin) reacts to sunlight in this condition -people can become disfigured and can turn them into "vampire beings" with bat like faces -associated symptoms= depression, paranoia, psychosis -will change color of urine to dark red/ purple color -skin can blister -connection to vampire= sensitivity to sunlight -argument against this idea= the idea of peeing purple is never mentioned in the folklore of vampires

Why was the novel turned into a play?

- this was Stoker's main goal for the novel "Dracula" - He was not a good writer (and he knew it) - He had more experience in theater; studied drama and knew good acting - He knew this medium could make a lot of money

Pallegra

-epidemic during the same time as the vampire epidemic in eastern Europe - most important in contributing to vampire idea spreading -identified in 1735, officially explained in 1914 -means "rough skin" because skin becomes scaly and rough -hypersensitivity to sunlight -1906-1940 100,000 people died in the South from this -----Dr. Joseph Goldberg noticed that pts had this disease but people working with them did not; dealt with diet and eating too much corn and corn products -results from imbalance btwn trp and B3 -symptoms (4Ds) 1) Dermatitis 2) Dementia 3) Diarrhea 4) Death -also can bleed internally and get anemia; used vampire to explain this because vampire could suck out blood

Schizophrenia

-involves a complete break from reality and one assumes false reality -permanent state of psychosis, for example can be permanently psychotic from drugs or alcohol -see/hear things that aren't real, and can experience delusions --> something bizarre, absolutely impossible, can't be proven by any means, and has no potential of being true -tends to be paranoid -a disease of the brain with dominant mental symptoms -high rate of suicide, can only be treated with antipsychotics -genetic disease - false reality culturally influenced --> vampire myth already existed, but schizo further verifies it -images have to exist before they can be taken into a false reality

The Vampire or The Bride of the Isles

1820 escapist play that was wildly successful Cape with upturned collar originated here "The Vampire Trap" -- how vampire would appear and disappear as if it were magic

Bela Lugosi

1882-1956 Hungarian actor who played Dracula on Broadway Sells the image of Dracula to Americans and sets the image precedent for vampires in American culture Greatly contrasted from Huntley -- had exotic personality, thick accent, and would stare deeply into the eyes of the audience Universal studios buys the rights to Dracula and wants Lon Chaney ("man with 1,000 faces") to play Dracula, but he had terminal cancer, so they went with Lugosi

Dracula or The Undead

1897 First shown at 10am on a Tuesday in order to obtain copyright which required a script an mock presentation Play not yet finished when first shown -- was 5 hours long Henry Irving described it as "dreadful" and refused to show it at Lyceum Theater Revealed difficulties of converting outlandish plot to stage and eventually film

Drakula Halala

1921 Lost film that has little to nothing to do with the novel About a crazy person who believes he's Dracula and tries to convince a woman of his delusions May be where the concept of 2 fangs originated

Nosferatu ("Plague-bearer")

1922 First "proper" presentation of Dracula First shown in a zoo in Berlin; was later shown in France but still unsuccessful Stoker's widow finds out about the movie and sues Prana film for plagiarizing and wins Movie taken out of theaters because of lawsuit which drew more attention to the novel Dracula begins bringing in money Difference in ending: Ellen entices the vampire to feed off her until the 2nd crowing of the rooster. The rising of the sun killed the vampire; this is why some pop culture says the vampire is killed/seriously injured by sunlight

Hamilton Deane

1924 Coined term "barn storming" -- type of theater with limited budget, usually involving escapist works that made money Turns Dracula into play consolidated into one room known as "drawing plot theater" Dracula gains popularity in other places -- London especially Broadway gets a hold of Dracula in 1927

Spanish Version of Dracula

1931 Same setting and costumes, even filmed right after English version, but Lugosi did not play Dracula Even the depiction of insanity was restricted in English version Example of folklore varying in time and place Hays Code did not apply because the play was for foreign audiences -- showed more violence, sexuality, blood, two teeth marks Was able to make improvements to English version after watching it be filmed Therefore, it was considered to be superior

Made for TV Films -- The Night Stalker

1960s begin to see decline in film -- people begin to watch TV including CBS, NBC, ABC and reruns of old films Huge surge in made for TV films in 1970s The Night Stalker (1972): ABC Plot: stars David McGavin who plays Kolchak (reporter), evidence appears that serial killers causing crime may be vampire American fascination with serial killers Most popular made for TV movie, increased viewership Eventually turns into Night Stalker the TV show -- Kolchak hunts down different supernatural creature each episode; doesn't do so well

Vampyros Lesbos

1971 -- Director: Jess Franco Erotic thriller Further increases the idea of sexuality and the female vampire--where the phrase lesbian vampire comes from Girl with girl was normally seen as okay, not so much with guy with guy

Count Chocula

1971: Children's programming Saturday Morning Cartoons ~7-11am Around 1948, animated cartoons gained traction General mills decided to use universal monsters, because now safe to use Shows that the vampire is becoming part of children culture created Count Chocula and Frankenberry Larry Kenney did the voice work for these characters and emulated Bela Lugosi

Blacula

1972 -released during blaxploitation era (type of cinema) that surged during the 1960s-1970s - AA didn't necessarily like these -Junius Griffin head of NAACP in LA; hated blaxploitation films, thought they were racist, said that they "black exploitation" and were detrimental for AA communities -directed William Crain ; no AA horror films, which gave inspiration for this film - Main Character; Prince Mamuwalde, sympathetic vampire, whose victims are AA women -the name Blacula used 1x in film -takes race relations and melds with vampirism -shows how malleable the vampire is and how it can be used as symbol f/various things -uses "Black English" a certain dialect -idea od what does it mean to be black & white spurred idea of other black films such as Dr. Black & Clyde

The Count (Sesame Street)

1972 Ingenious idea, but not risky Sesame Street was created to help inner city kids, who had shown a noticeable decline in educational ability Appears on Sesame Street in 1969 (S4 E6) -- created specifically for math Jerry Nelson, used Bela Lugosi's voice, lives in castle, counts, thinks He counted and controlled weather -- resembles classic folkloric vampire

The Tomb of Dracula

1972: Dracula becomes well known villain in Marvel universe -seeing the vampire hunter further elevated -issue #10 (1973) Appearance of Blade (Vampire) -based ons stereotypical depictions of vampire slayer -becomes most famous character -hes a dhampir--> half vampire but created w/o knowledge of folklore; mom was attacked by vampire while being born, 2 human parents -powers include sensing the undead, immune to vampire bites, deuced aging, gets around via wits -2nd black comic book character (to Black Panther) -top 5 most important superhero

Interview with the Vampire (movie)

1994 defines idea of a sympathetic vampire Rice was protective of her work so she wrote the screenplay for the film Main vampires: Louis, Lestat, and Claudia Told from p.ov. of first person omniscient to become a vampire, needs to 1.) vampire drinks blood 2.) needs to drink blood of vampire who originally bit them Lestat= Byronic Hero, dandy looking, can read minds "The Dark Gift"= curse of vampirism, grows stronger as you get older Uses elements of voodoo and classic gothic movie served as an emotional release for Rice-- Louis served as a symbol of her internal conflict Laudranum -- Given to Lestat via Claudia poisoning young boys and having him drink their blood) --> legal in US until 1928 --> Liquid form of concentrated opium --> Referencing drug culture -- part of Gothic literature

General Vampire

A basic conception of some sort of being that feeds off of victims in some way, leaving them drained from the experience

John Balderston

Alters Hamilton Deane's version of Dracula for American audiences Uses Red Cross nurses in the lobby to increase intensity Huge cultural image: Red Cross nurses meant some sort of volunteer event or something major was occurring Hired fainters to entice the audience and increase tension One change added -- Dracula brought by plane, not ship

The Hunger

Based on 1981 novel One main vampire -- Miriam Blaylock -- centuries old vampire from Egypt David Bowie -- John Baylock Slash victims necks with knives and drink blood -- no fangs or anything you would expect --> distancing from traditional vampires John doesn't have eternal youth but has eternal life -- stored in casket in attack with the rest of Miriam's past husbands GOTH SUBCULTURE loved this film because it wasn't accepted Soundtrack by Bauhaus --> first GOTH band

Raymond Huntley

British actor that played the first "true" Dracula on stage Uses magic tricks and looks like and evil stage magician didn't want to perform on Broadway had cape with upturned collar

Fright Night (1985)

Causes Revisioning era of vampire to take off Holland wanted to make vampires fearful again Plot: Charley Brewster loves horror films, notices one of his neighbors is a vampire -- nobody believes him --> represents horror fandom that was just starting to emerge Symbolizes paranoia of "the one you never expect" Makes $27 million

Sookie Stackhouse Novels

Charlaine Harris Vampires "coming out" because they can drink blood besides humans symbolized oppression of gays, minorities, etc. Bill Compton -- Byronic Hero -- Sookie falls in love with him and another vampire True Blood adapts these novels

Zombie

Comes originally from Hatian folklore; symbolized slavery; not always a corpse -- sometimes still alive; primarily just cleaned house, picked crops, etc.

Dracula (1992): Why does Dracula have a long flowing cape?

Coppela tried to capture the Chinese/Japanese aesthetic using "orientalism"

Comics Code Authority

Created in 1954, lasted until 2011 Provided censorship to comic books Targeted big companies -- mad magazine survived They banned vampires, but this is removed in 1971 Underground comics were made -->Vampirilla 1969-1988 ---->Not supernatural, alien race called by vampiri, comes from Planet Drakulan with rivers flowing with blood Frank Frazett: sci-fi illustrator, loved to paint women, idea of female vampire and sexuality -->meant for adult audience so CCA was not as concerned -->presents the image of Bela Lugosi with popped color 1991: experiences resurgences of Vampirilla; bad girl comics

The Lost Boys

Director: Joel Schumacher Originally like the Goonies w/vampires -- increases violence and sexuality to increase edginess The teen vampire movie before Twilight Plot: Michael has to move to new area - outcast - falls in love w/vampire named Star Goes to vampire hideout symbolizes peer pressure through drinking of blood -- michael thinks it's wine -- others chanting made over $48 million

Buffy the Vampire Slayer (Movie)

Director: Josh Whedon Whedon noticed female vampire subservient to male -- creates strong independent role model for young girls combines horror with comedy Original image gets altered/degraded -- became so disgusted w/movie that he stayed off the set towards the end Weden then pushes for a television series, but didn't like censorship present in the Big Four -- Goes w/WB instead who was seeking to increase their fansbase Explodes w/popularity

How does Lucy die in the novel? And what becomes of her after her death?

Dracula turns to a wolf , jumps through window, and mauls her She then becomes a vampire, leaves her tomb, and attacks children -- Newspapers call her the "Bloofer Lady" ("Bloofer" = A child's lisping of the word "beautiful")

Hellsing

Essentially a sequel to the novel Dracula Extrememly violent ("Ultra-violence") Alucard -- Presented as actual Vlad the Impaler (Dracula) -- there's magic that controls him -->Domesticated vampire that fights his own kind Hellsing Corporation controls him Symbolizes impact of western culture as they occupied Japan

Bulgarian Vampire

Example of Folkloric Vampire Has 3 levels of power: 1. Obour -- could take form of human / shadow-like -- would put blood and feces on your door 2. Pixtija -- begins to take on shape of human being -- human body with no bones; could squeeze under doors; very vulnerable; could be killed by placing thorns on the ground 3. takes on form of fake human being; could absorb a person's memories and basically be them, but you could tell that they were a vampire if they didn't have sex or only had one nostril. Could be docile in an attempt to conform to society -- usually is a butcher, but it you threaten it with its identity, it'll kill you

Ed Gein (1957)

Example of a ghoul Socially aloof farmer; Mother was extreme Christian Would go to cemetery "in a stuper," have sex with bodies, and make clothes and furniture from their body parts and skins Inspired Silence of the Lambs and Texas Chainsaw Massacre

Fritz Haarmann (1879 - 1925)

Example of historical vampire Vampire of Hannover Would sell human flesh on black market Sexually assaulted young boys -- would bite them on the neck and rip out their windpipes

Renfield's Syndrome/Clinical Vampirism

Fake Disease Created by psychiatrist Richard Nool Used fake terminology from DMS III and published article about disease Discredited

Dracula's Daughter

Featured the first purely supernatual female vampire -- "Countess Zaleska" -- sympathetic vampire -- victims are young girls first lesbian vampire in film

Literary Vampire

Fictional character based on other three types, rooted in folklore and history

Blood Feast

First Gore Film in history Independent film -- not technically about vampires -- hays code didn't affect it Director: Herschell Lewis -- known only for porn beforehand Extremely bad movie riddled with filming errors Makes over $4,000,000 sold because it was the most violent movie ever made

A Fool there Was (1915)

First female vampire in film -- Theda Bara --> first sex symbol She played a vampire ("vamp") with no supernatural characteristics --> Femme Fatale -- women who used sexuality as primary weapon

New Dark

First vampire action film -- guy falls in love with vampire girls but doesn't want to be one, and vampire almost gets em

Castlevania

First vampire game -- made by Konami Play as Simon Belmont who wields a whip Final boss is vampire (looks like Bela Lugosi) Sequels: Simon's quest -- Nintendo Power says it's too violent -- makes kids want it --> Dracula's Curse -- could play as Alucard -- son of Dracula

What are the Four Vampire types according to Jan Perkowski?

Folkloric Psychotic (Historical) Psychic Literary

Director of Dracula (1992) (Bram Stoker's Dracula)

Francis Coppola

Dracula has Risen from the Grave (1968)

Hays Code ended -- first Rating System rated Dracula Film Makes most money of all these films Ingrid Pitt -- lead female vampire --> second wave feminism because of "Feminine Mystique" (looked at failed opportunities from first wave and improved upon them) --> Results in media using female body to sell things as a result of women wanting to express their sexuality freely

Monster Mash Films

House of Frankenstein -- throws all popular monsters together House of Dracula -- Same Abbot & Costello Meet Frankenstein -- Almost removed vampire from culture because it becomes comedy instead of horror

Folkloric Vampire

I most cases, reanimated corpse that comes back to prey on the living

What is the difference between the "boxes of earth" in the novel and in Dracula (1992)?

In the film, they are all in one place, but in the novel Van Helsing and his #squad has to travel around destroying them before they can catch Dracula.

Manga

Japanese comic books When manga becomes popular, they usually make an animated series -- Anime

Interview with the Vampire -- Changes from novel to film

Louis's wife and child died in the movie, in the novel, his brother died--this is so there is less plot and character development necessary Biggest change --> after Lestat is set on fire, Claudia and Louis go to Eastern Europe, they find wandering monsters, and don't think that they are of their kind (book) -->Movie: this is suggested with drawings and Louis talking about their journey Change in endings: Book: interviewer goes to house where Lestat is as opposed to (movie) reporter is attacked and surprised in the car

The Mark of the Vampire

Lugosi played vampire Universal claimed they had copyright on Legozi playing a vampire in a suit against MGM Lugosi: Count Mora --> Carol Borland: Luna Carol Borland -- saw Lugosi in Dracula play, wrote a sequel to Dracula, they meet, Borland claims they had an affair (compare to Henry Irving and Bram Stoker) Plot: Mora and Luna are vampires because they committed incest in life --> it's revealed that they're actually not supernatural, just actors playing vampires Luna defines image of vampire woman -- long black parted hair

Son of Dracula

Marked decline of vampire in 30s and 40s because of redundancies and sci-fi First time vampire changes to bat on screen First appearance of "Alucard" Symbolizes decay of American South

What is the difference between Dracula turning Mina in the novel and in Dracula (1992)?

Mina is forced to drink Dracula's blood in the novel, but in the film, it is sexualized and Mina really wants to.

The Vampire Lovers

Most accurate conversion of Carmilla ever done Ingrid Pitt just flaunted her beauty to get the role Used her body to sell the role hypersexualized vampire Pitt went on to define the Bathory image --> Countess Dracula -- Bathing completely nude in blood -- the reason people believe Bathory did that

Interview with the vampire (book)

Novel set written by Anne Rice She was inspired by Dracula's daughter, and thought it would be interesting if the vampires explained themselves Written in first person from vampire's point of view Setting: takes place in New Orleans where Rice grew up, this helps add to southern gothic theme Louis is the main vampire and the reader is in his shoes for most of the novel--kills animals because he doesn't want to kill people vampire described as sparkling marble skin and when they feed the skin goes to peach and from cold to warm

Morbius: The Living Vampire

Oct 1971 Comic created by Marvel in reaction to the CCA lifting vampire restrictions--first appeared in the Amazing Spiderman Not a supernatural entity--focused on strength and power goes from villain to vigilante (anti-hero) idea of male/female dichotomy

Blade

Original : 1998 Seeing success DC has with Batman & Superman, Marvel tries to get a jump on them w/The Punisher -- Didn't do well, but they were trying to play off the success of action films Wesley Snipes was cast as Black Panther -- but they changed it to Blade Became one of the first African american superheros Went with Blade because there's vampires in it Beginning of "Daywalker" era of Blade -- was much more powerful in films Does very well -- two sequels come from it Symbolic function: halfway between worlds cultural impact: reason comic book movies are taken seriously

Jonathan Harker in Dracula (1992)

Played by Keanu Reeves -- one of the biggest complaints about the film

Psychotic (Historical) Vampire

Real person who has the urge to kill for blood no supernatural characteristics assumes vampires derive from real people

Ghoul

Reanimated corpse that preys on other corpses

I am Legend

Robert Neville -- seemingly last man on Earth Crosses & Garlic keep vampires away -- stakes the vampires, and they seem to be unaffected later Vampires then revealed to be alive but they think they're dead and they're afraid of they're religious symbols because they think they're being punished. Neville then dies and the world ends -->Means vampire and zombie are two different depictions of the same thing

Dracula Istanbulda

Some scholars say this is the first appearance of extended canines, but they curl outwards El Vampiro -- may be the actual first occurrence of the two extended teeth

Vampire Hunter D

Started as manga -- leads to anime limited theatrical screening in 1992 -- Americans loved it Violence & sex -- people hadn't seen this in animated series Caused Americans to be more interested in Japanese popular culture Vampire Hunter D was a "dunpeal" (dhampir)--half human and half vampire sequel came out in 2000 -- Vampire D: Bloodlust

Hays Code 1934 - 1968

Stemmed from public outcry against cinema in response to Great Depression Arbitrary system of rules that censored films Created in 1930, but went into effect in 1934 Ended in 1968 Keeps certain scenes from being seen -- Lugosi sells film, not plot

Comic Books

The vampire had not been seen in comic books since 1954 Rise in juvenile delinquency post WWII Comic books served as root of the problem Entertainment comics - popular brand and included stories such as "Vault keeper, "the Old Witch" and "The Crypt Keeper" primary readership- young boys Arguments voiced against company that were similar to Hays Code

Psychic Vampire

Vampires that have mental powers over victims Two sources: 1. People who are Emotionally Draining -- symbolized throughout the history of the vampire 2. Sleep Paralysis

How do they eventually track down Dracula in the novel?

Van Helsing hypnotizes Mina whom shares a mental link with Dracula.

Renfield in Dracula (1992)

Was given more purpose than in the novel. Is a real-estate agent who goes insane after visiting Castle Dracula, then Harker goes in his place. This is different from the novel in which Renfield is insane without much explanation and shares a mental link with Dracula

The Last Man on Earth

Where zombie and vampire separate Adaptation of novella "I am Legend" Original Hatian Zombie dies out in cinema --> Term "Zombie" was retained for people who were zombie-like Inspires George Romero who adapts LMOE and IAL to become the FIRST ZOMBIE FILM

Vamp

Woman with long black hair, very intelligent, independent, often part of high society -- usually finds a man married with kids, gets him to stray from his wife, takes his money and leaves him