Early Civ of China: Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism

Legalism guided the policies of the __. - Shang dynasty - Qin dynasty - Han dynasty.

- Qin dynasty

The feudal states began to __. - compete for land and power - dissolve and weaken - unite under one government.

- compete for land and power

Legalism resulted in an increase in __. - foreign attacks - the overall happiness of the people - food production, transportation, and trade.

- food production, transportation, and trade.

According to Taoism, people should follow the flow of - the government - nature - technology.

- nature

Confucian teachings emphasize filial piety. This is the practice of: - obeying the government - following the way - respecting one's elders.

- respecting one's elders.

The teachings of Confucianism emphasize: - social order - nature - harsh punishments.

- social order

To control people's behavior, Legalism relied on __. - ethics and respect for parents - strict laws and harsh punishments - adherence to the flow of nature.

- strict laws and harsh punishments

Legalism contributed to __. - the downfall of the Qin dynasty - the success of the Qin dynasty - the unification of the feudal states.

- the downfall of the Qin dynasty

The concept of Tao is defined as __. - god - Laozi - the way.

- the way.

An important concept of Taoism is: - to balance yin and yang - to emphasize family over the government - to have more government and less nature.

- to balance yin and yang

According to Confucianism, people should act: - against the government - with honor and follow the laws of the government - in a manner that follows the way.

- with honor and follow the laws of the government

Which statement best describes the political conditions of the Warring States period? - The Zhou dynasty became more powerful and was able to put down the rebel states. - The Warring States period is known for its peace and prosperity. - Feudal states competed for power, leading to constant warfare, violence, and turmoil. - Many Chinese people were forced out of their country and fled to nearby India.

Feudal states competed for power, leading to constant warfare, violence, and turmoil.

Confucian philosophy expects rulers and teachers to: - pass strict laws - lead by example - expand the empire.

- lead by example

What belief about humans influenced Han Feizi in the development of Legalism? Humans must be educated to rebel. Humans must be bribed to be loyal. Humans must be forced to act right. Humans must be paid to follow rules.

Humans must be forced to act right.

Which statement best explains the effect of Confucianism on Chinese society? Chinese society learned that leaders should not be trusted. Chinese society valued hard work over education and ethics. Chinese society began to show more respect for older members. Chinese society developed harsh punishments to ensure obedience.

Chinese society began to show more respect for older members.

What caused the population to increase during the Warring States period? Conquered peoples were resettled in the empire. Better tools were used to increase the food supply. Soldiers were hired from outside the empire for protection. Cultural development convinced people to remain on their lands.

Better tools were used to increase the food supply.

How did Confucian beliefs influence China? Choose four correct answers. - Confucian beliefs emphasize social class and order. - Confucian beliefs emphasize loyalty to the government. - Confucian beliefs emphasize the importance of education. - Confucian beliefs emphasize respect for family and elders. - Confucian beliefs emphasize social promotion and advancement. - Confucian beliefs emphasize strict laws and harsh punishments.

Confucian beliefs emphasize social class and order. Confucian beliefs emphasize loyalty to the government. Confucian beliefs emphasize the importance of education. Confucian beliefs emphasize respect for family and elders.

How is Legalism different from Confucianism? - Confucianism is not concerned with behavior, while Legalism emphasizes on following orders. - Legalism teaches that rulers should lead by example, while Confucianism does not focus on the government. - Confucianism emphasizes moral conduct and virtue, while Legalism emphasizes obedience to laws. - Legalism focuses on obedience to laws, while Confucianism is centered on nature and following the way.

Confucianism emphasizes moral conduct and virtue, while Legalism emphasizes obedience to laws.

What does Taoism teach about government? Government cannot rely on citizens for loyalty. Government is responsible for caring for nature. Government is responsible for achieving balance. Government cannot create social order or harmony.

Government cannot create social order or harmony.

What role does dualism have in the philosophy of Confucianism? It calls for a balance between each part of nature. It causes conflict between dark and light elements of nature. It shows how people prefer peace and harmony over conflict. It calls for victory of the bright side of nature over the dark side.

It calls for a balance between each part of nature.

Why was Taoism an important philosophy during the Warring States period? It helped people find balance in a time of turmoil. It enabled people to reject the social rules of their clans. It helped people follow the rules of the government. It taught people how to conduct rebellions to restore faith.

It helped people find balance in a time of turmoil.

How did Legalism influence Emperor Shi Huangdi of the Qin dynasty? It influenced the emperor to adopt strict laws to keep control. It caused the emperor to become afraid of nomadic invasions. It inspired the emperor to honor nature and promote its worship. It encouraged the emperor to practice kindness toward citizens.

It influenced the emperor to adopt strict laws to keep control.

Which statement best describes China during the Warring States period? It was troubled by two hundred years of violence and warfare. It benefited from the guidance of philosophers who fought the king. It experienced strong leadership from feudal leaders under the king. It was torn by peasant revolts that aimed for better feudal leaders.

It was troubled by two hundred years of violence and warfare.

Which philosopher founded Taoism? Qin Laozi Han Feizi Confucius

Laozi

What was a result of the Zhou capital being destroyed by invaders? Leaders of the feudal states declared independence. Loyal relatives supported the king to protect the empire. Feudal rulers began to use nomadic soldiers in their armies. Philosophers gained power by encouraging citizens to rebel.

Leaders of the feudal states declared independence.

What was the primary cause of the fall of the Zhou dynasty? Nomadic tribes formed alliances with feudal leaders. Leaders of the feudal states attacked the capital city. Leaders of the feudal states declared independence. Nomadic tribes united with the king against feudal leaders.

Leaders of the feudal states declared independence.

Which statement best represents the teachings of Legalism? - According to Legalism, the ruler should be kind to people and treat them with respect. - Legalism emphasizes moral behavior, virtue, and ethics. - Legalism relies on the use of strict laws and harsh punishments to control people's behavior. - According to Legalism, citizens should be able to elect leaders who represent their morals and values.

Legalism relies on the use of strict laws and harsh punishments to control people's behavior.

How did the philosophers of the Warring States period respond to the constant fighting and violence? - Philosophers blamed the leaders for fighting other states and causing destruction. - Philosophers helped develop better tools and weapons to defeat rival states. - Philosophers searched for ways to restore harmony and political and social stability. - Philosophers believed that people should revolt and form a new state.

Philosophers searched for ways to restore harmony and political and social stability.

What were the goals of philosophers during the Warring States period? Philosophers wished to create peace by working with nomadic invaders. Philosophers hoped to hold leaders accountable by understanding warfare. Philosophers wished to restore political harmony by studying causes of war. Philosophers hoped to defeat China's enemies by developing military strategies.

Philosophers wished to restore political harmony by studying causes of war.

What effect did Confucianism have on imperial China? - Imperial China's political structure, which emphasized strict laws and harsh punishments, came from Confucianism. - The legacy of Confucianism can be seen in imperial China's emphasis on wealth and status. - Respecting parents and remaining in one's social class were important values of Confucianism that influenced Imperial China. - Imperial China's emphasis on social advancement and promotion came from Confucianism.

Respecting parents and remaining in one's social class were important values of Confucianism that influenced Imperial China.

How did Taoism influence Chinese cultural traditions? - Taoism influenced individuals to follow the flow of nature rather than rely on others to solve problems. - Taoism influenced individuals to rely on the government as the main way of solving society's problems. - Taoism influenced individuals to depend on achieving harmony and balance with society rather than nature. - Taoism influenced individuals to follow the laws of the government to achieve harmony and balance with others.

Taoism influenced individuals to follow the flow of nature rather than rely on others to solve problems.

How did Taoism influence Chinese culture? - Taoism was represented in Chinese paintings, drawings, literature, and poetry. - Taoism promoted distrust of the government and led people to break the laws. - Taoism focused on the afterlife and living an honorable life to gain entrance to heaven. - Taoism focused on creating a social hierarchy where some people had more power than others.

Taoism was represented in Chinese paintings, drawings, literature, and poetry.

How did following the ideas of Legalism contribute to the downfall of the Qin dynasty during the reign of Emperor Shi Huangdi? The emperor wasted resources on building a large army. The emperor was weakened because he supported fair treatment for all. The emperor focused on cruel punishments to enforce strict laws. The emperor lost influence through peaceful contacts with other kingdoms.

The emperor focused on cruel punishments to enforce strict laws.

Which statement best defines the feudalism of the Zhou dynasty? The king directly controlled the entire country. The king's loyal relatives governed the states. The leaders of the states were independent rulers. The leaders of the states balanced the king's power.

The king's loyal relatives governed the states.

What was one way the Chinese tried to protect themselves during the Warring States period? They created alliances with other nations. They built barriers like the Great Wall of Qi. They pitted feudal leaders against one another. They fled the capital of Luoyang to avoid invaders.

They built barriers like the Great Wall of Qi.

What was one influence on Confucius's teachings? Poverty influenced Confucius to teach people how to reject social hierarchy. Working in the government influenced Confucius to teach about order. The Tao Te Ching influenced Confucius to teach about the need for filial piety. Receiving an education influenced Confucius to teach about the importance of rebellion.

Working in the government influenced Confucius to teach about order.

How did the practice of Legalism improve life for Chinese people? by promoting travel abroad for elite citizens by helping farmers grow new types of crops by increasing food production for all citizens by improving transportation for urban citizens

by increasing food production for all citizens

People who criticized the government of the Qin dynasty were: praised executed given a job promotion.

executed

Taoism is not concerned with: nature government harmony

government

The Zhou dynasty began to decline when __. - nomadic invaders destroyed the capital - a drought destroyed the crops - an epidemic killed a third of the population

nomadic invaders destroyed the capital

The Qin dynasty relied on: leaders to practice kindness the people to control their own actions strict laws to control the people.

strict laws to control the people.

The Qin dynasty lasted only 15 years because: the leader was assassinated by a local rebel the people rebelled against the cruel leader there was no order or control, making it easier to be defeated.

the people rebelled against the cruel leader

What was a goal of Confucianism? to restore peace and harmony to all of China to restore leaders to power, even if they were weak to restore the honor and virtue of the richest citizens to restore order by severely punishing disobedience

to restore peace and harmony to all of China

The Warring States period was a time of __. - peace and prosperity - violence and warfare - public works projects.

violence and warfare