Earthquake 2

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secondary waves aka

S waves

The radius of the circle seismologists draw on a map is equal to the distance from a station to an earth quakes

epicenter

The magnitude of an earthquake is measured by the

Richter Scale

When the force on rocks is great enough, they break, producing vibrations called

earthquakes

An earth quake that registers 7.2 on the RIchter scale releases about ____ times as much energy as an earthquake that registers 5.2 on the scale

900

When rocks break because of stress, the energy released is in the form of an

Earthquake

Most earthquakes happen (3 reasons)

1) without warning 2)in areas where earthquakes have occurred in the past 3)along plate boundaries

The ____ is most damaging seismic wave

Love

The boundary between the upper mantle and the crust is called the

Moho discontinuity

The ___ wave travels the slowest of the seismic waves

Rayleigh

Primary and secondary wave slow down when they hit the plastic like layer of the upper mantle called the

asthenosphere

tsunamis are

caused by a underwater earthquake

The farther apart primary, secondary, and surface waves are, the ____ away the epicenter is

farther

Once the elastic limit of rocks is passed, they break and move along surfaces called

faults

The point in Earth's interior where the energy release of an earthquake occurs is the

ffocus

A person located twice as far from an epicenter of an earthquake as another person will notice that the time between the arrival of the primary and secondary waves will be

larger

Amount of energy releases is measured by

magnitude

The speed of the P-wave increases when going from a substance that is

plastic-like to solid

The ___ waves are the first to reach a seismograph after an earthquake

primary

____ waves arrive at a seismograph station first

primary

_____ waves move through the earth by causing particles of rocks to move back and forth in the same direction as the waves

primary

_____- waves move through earth by causing particles in rocks to move at right angles to the direction of the waves

secondary

paper record of a seismic event

seismograms

instruments that record seismic activity

seismographs

people who study earthquakes and seismic waves

seismologists

Primary waves ___ when they hit the liquid outer core

slow down

Seismic waves ____ when they reach the asthenosphere

slow down

Seismic waves ___ when they reach the mesosphere

speed up

Seismic waves ____ when they reach the bottom portion of the lithosphere

speed up

Secondary Waves ____ when they hit the liquid outer core

stop

Most of the destruction during an earthquake is caused by ____ waves

surface

The most destructive seismic wave are

surface waves

waves that travel outward from the epicenter

surface waves

At least ___ seismograms are needed to accurately locate an earthquake

three

True or False: Seismologists use the Richter Scale to describe the magnitude of earthquakes

true


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