Earths atmosphere: ES

In the ionosphere, the collision that raises the energy levels of oxygen and nitrogen occurs between which of the following? Select all that apply.

gas atoms electrons

What force keeps our atmosphere from floating out into space?

gravity

What type of gases holds in heat and keeps the earth at a moderate temperature?

greenhouse gases

humidity

moisture in the air

A shorter electromagnetic wave is _____.

more powerful

The earth has fewer meteorite impacts because_____.

of the earth's atmosphere

In the carbon-oxygen cycle, carbon dioxide is used for _____ and oxygen is used for _____.

photosynthesis, respiration

Nitrogen and oxygen are _____ gases in the atmosphere.

primary

photosynthesis

process by which plants use chlorophyll and energy from sunlight to manufacture food from carbon dioxide

convection

process of heat transfer by the circulation or movement of a liquid or a gas

Select all of the answers that apply. The atmosphere has many roles, including:

provides gases for respiration and photosynthesis provides protection from UV radiation and meteorites stabilizes a habitable temperature

Warm air _____ and cool air _____.

rises, sinks

Which of the following two events occur to create a sea breeze? Select all that apply.

Warm air rises on land and moves toward the ocean to cool Cool air moves from the ocean to be warmed by the land

Coriolis effect

a circular pattern of winds created by Earth's rotation

ozone

a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms; absorbs UV radiation

ozonosphere

a region in the upper stratosphere where ozone is concentrated

ionosphere

a sub-layer of the thermosphere containing ions

The atmosphere is considered _____ because of its ability to transport and distribute materials throughout the globe quickly.

a superhighway

albedo

ability of a material to reflect solar radiation

Some people consider the earth to be _____ because of its dynamic processes or cycles.

alive

ion

an electrically charged atom

Which gas is the most abundant of the trace gases?

argon

The release of atoms' energy through glowing light and gases called a(n) _______

aurora

Select all of the answers that apply. Which of the following are ways the atmosphere supports life?

blocks harmful UV rays transports and distributes heat cycles essential elements: C, O, and N

In the paleoatmosphere, the primary gases were _____.

carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water vapor

land breeze

cool breeze that circulates from land to sea

sea breeze

cool breeze that circulates from sea to land

The__________ is the coldest layer and the_________ is the hottest layer in the atmosphere.

mesosphere, therosphere

Humidity is most prevalent _____.

on a beach

conduction

the transfer of heat between two stationary entities

Compared to Mars, our atmosphere's _____ is better to maintain a warm, livable temperature.

thickness

radiation

transfer of heat or energy through rays of various wavelengths

The main reason for wind or air circulation is _____.

uneven heat distribution

The condensation of _____ formed the early oceans. It is an important part of the water cycle.

water vapor

pressure

weight or force upon something

Which of the following does Earth's atmosphere make possible? Select all that apply.

~A biosphere existing ~Dynamic recycling of materials needed for most processes on Earth ~Maintaining a steady and habitable temperature on Earth

The first major source of oxygen gas was _____.

cyanobacteria

carbon-oxygen cycle

describes how carbon and oxygen are exchanged and recycled on Earth

NASA launches another satellite into the _____.

exosphere

What would be the result if Earth's unique atmosphere did not exist?

Life would no longer be possible.

Which of the following statements correctly compares the relationship between the earth, its atmosphere and radiation?

The earth is cooled and its atmosphere is heated by terrestrial radiation.

Winds move in a _____ direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in a _____ direction in the Southern Hemisphere because of the Coriolis effect.

clockwise, counterclockwise

Nitrogen is important to life because it is part of _____.

DNA, amino acids, and proteins

The air in the atmosphere circulates mainly because _____.

convection is redistributing heat

meteoroid

mass of stone or metal traveling through space

There's a meteor shower tonight! It happens primarily in the _____.

mesosphere

mesosphere

the layer of the atmosphere just above the stratosphere; burns up most meteors

respiration

the process by which oxygen combines with food to release energy and carbon dioxide

exosphere

the sub-layer of the thermosphere where the atmosphere blends into space

In 1958, a group of United States scientists discovered the ___________.

Van Allen radiation belts

meteorite

mass of stone or metal that has passed through the atmosphere and struck the earth's surface

When air pressure decreases, the mercury in a barometer___

goes down

Select all of the answers that apply. Radio waves _____.

have the least energy have the longest wavelengths

latent heat

heat released when water vapor condenses

altitude

height above the earth's surface

What conditions would most likely cause thunderstorms?

humid and hot

barometer

instrument used to measure air pressure

Select all of the answers that apply. Air pressure _____.

is the weight of air molecules decreases as altitude increases can balance by popping your ears

If you were standing on the beach at midnight, would you feel a sea breeze or a land breeze?

land breeze

Energy released when water vapor condenses is _____.

latent heat

thermosphere

layer of the atmosphere above the mesosphere where temperatures are the highest in the atmosphere

stratosphere

layer of the atmosphere just above the troposphere where the temperature remains fairly constant

troposphere

layer of the atmosphere nearest the earth where most weather changes occur

Van Allen radiation belts

radiation belts surrounding Earth that protect us from harmful radiation of the Sun

Three ways to transfer heat are by _____.

radiation, conduction, and convection

cyanobacteria

single-celled photosynthetic bacteria

You're flying in a plane and the seatbelt sign is turned off. You're in the _____.

stratosphere

Earth's energy budget

the balance between the amount of energy coming in from the Sun and going back out into space

Most of the thermal radiation supplied by the sun is absorbed by which of the following?

the earth's surface