Earths atmosphere: ES
In the ionosphere, the collision that raises the energy levels of oxygen and nitrogen occurs between which of the following? Select all that apply.
gas atoms electrons
What force keeps our atmosphere from floating out into space?
gravity
What type of gases holds in heat and keeps the earth at a moderate temperature?
greenhouse gases
humidity
moisture in the air
A shorter electromagnetic wave is _____.
more powerful
The earth has fewer meteorite impacts because_____.
of the earth's atmosphere
In the carbon-oxygen cycle, carbon dioxide is used for _____ and oxygen is used for _____.
photosynthesis, respiration
Nitrogen and oxygen are _____ gases in the atmosphere.
primary
photosynthesis
process by which plants use chlorophyll and energy from sunlight to manufacture food from carbon dioxide
convection
process of heat transfer by the circulation or movement of a liquid or a gas
Select all of the answers that apply. The atmosphere has many roles, including:
provides gases for respiration and photosynthesis provides protection from UV radiation and meteorites stabilizes a habitable temperature
Warm air _____ and cool air _____.
rises, sinks
Which of the following two events occur to create a sea breeze? Select all that apply.
Warm air rises on land and moves toward the ocean to cool Cool air moves from the ocean to be warmed by the land
Coriolis effect
a circular pattern of winds created by Earth's rotation
ozone
a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms; absorbs UV radiation
ozonosphere
a region in the upper stratosphere where ozone is concentrated
ionosphere
a sub-layer of the thermosphere containing ions
The atmosphere is considered _____ because of its ability to transport and distribute materials throughout the globe quickly.
a superhighway
albedo
ability of a material to reflect solar radiation
Some people consider the earth to be _____ because of its dynamic processes or cycles.
alive
ion
an electrically charged atom
Which gas is the most abundant of the trace gases?
argon
The release of atoms' energy through glowing light and gases called a(n) _______
aurora
Select all of the answers that apply. Which of the following are ways the atmosphere supports life?
blocks harmful UV rays transports and distributes heat cycles essential elements: C, O, and N
In the paleoatmosphere, the primary gases were _____.
carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water vapor
land breeze
cool breeze that circulates from land to sea
sea breeze
cool breeze that circulates from sea to land
The__________ is the coldest layer and the_________ is the hottest layer in the atmosphere.
mesosphere, therosphere
Humidity is most prevalent _____.
on a beach
conduction
the transfer of heat between two stationary entities
Compared to Mars, our atmosphere's _____ is better to maintain a warm, livable temperature.
thickness
radiation
transfer of heat or energy through rays of various wavelengths
The main reason for wind or air circulation is _____.
uneven heat distribution
The condensation of _____ formed the early oceans. It is an important part of the water cycle.
water vapor
pressure
weight or force upon something
Which of the following does Earth's atmosphere make possible? Select all that apply.
~A biosphere existing ~Dynamic recycling of materials needed for most processes on Earth ~Maintaining a steady and habitable temperature on Earth
The first major source of oxygen gas was _____.
cyanobacteria
carbon-oxygen cycle
describes how carbon and oxygen are exchanged and recycled on Earth
NASA launches another satellite into the _____.
exosphere
What would be the result if Earth's unique atmosphere did not exist?
Life would no longer be possible.
Which of the following statements correctly compares the relationship between the earth, its atmosphere and radiation?
The earth is cooled and its atmosphere is heated by terrestrial radiation.
Winds move in a _____ direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in a _____ direction in the Southern Hemisphere because of the Coriolis effect.
clockwise, counterclockwise
Nitrogen is important to life because it is part of _____.
DNA, amino acids, and proteins
The air in the atmosphere circulates mainly because _____.
convection is redistributing heat
meteoroid
mass of stone or metal traveling through space
There's a meteor shower tonight! It happens primarily in the _____.
mesosphere
mesosphere
the layer of the atmosphere just above the stratosphere; burns up most meteors
respiration
the process by which oxygen combines with food to release energy and carbon dioxide
exosphere
the sub-layer of the thermosphere where the atmosphere blends into space
In 1958, a group of United States scientists discovered the ___________.
Van Allen radiation belts
meteorite
mass of stone or metal that has passed through the atmosphere and struck the earth's surface
When air pressure decreases, the mercury in a barometer___
goes down
Select all of the answers that apply. Radio waves _____.
have the least energy have the longest wavelengths
latent heat
heat released when water vapor condenses
altitude
height above the earth's surface
What conditions would most likely cause thunderstorms?
humid and hot
barometer
instrument used to measure air pressure
Select all of the answers that apply. Air pressure _____.
is the weight of air molecules decreases as altitude increases can balance by popping your ears
If you were standing on the beach at midnight, would you feel a sea breeze or a land breeze?
land breeze
Energy released when water vapor condenses is _____.
latent heat
thermosphere
layer of the atmosphere above the mesosphere where temperatures are the highest in the atmosphere
stratosphere
layer of the atmosphere just above the troposphere where the temperature remains fairly constant
troposphere
layer of the atmosphere nearest the earth where most weather changes occur
Van Allen radiation belts
radiation belts surrounding Earth that protect us from harmful radiation of the Sun
Three ways to transfer heat are by _____.
radiation, conduction, and convection
cyanobacteria
single-celled photosynthetic bacteria
You're flying in a plane and the seatbelt sign is turned off. You're in the _____.
stratosphere
Earth's energy budget
the balance between the amount of energy coming in from the Sun and going back out into space
Most of the thermal radiation supplied by the sun is absorbed by which of the following?
the earth's surface
