EDU-144 Child Development

Time out

A behavior modification technique in which a child who misbehaves is temporarily removed from positive reinforcement

Stimulus

A change in the environment that lead to a changing behavior

Social cognitive theory

A cognitively oriented learning theory that emphasizes the role of observational learning in determining behavior

Slaping

A procedure for teaching complex behavior patterns by reinforcing small steps at targeted behavior

Negative reinforcement

A reinforce that, which removed, increases the frequency of a behavior

Positive reinforcement

A reinforcer that, which applied, increase the frequency of the behavior

Classical conditioning

A simple form of learning in which one stimulus comes to bring forth the response

Scheme

According to Piaget, an action pattern or mental structure that is involved in the acquisition and organization

Theory

Based on assumption about behavior, enable us explantation & prediction

Psycho-social development

Erickson's theory, which emphasizes the importance of social relationships and conscious throughout the eight stages of development

Psycho-sexual development

Freud's view that as children develop, they find sexual gratification on through stimulating different parts of their bodies

Behaviorism

John B. Watson's view that a science or theory of development must study observable behavior only & investigate relationships between stimuli & responses

Infancy

The period of very early childhood characterized by lack of complex speech; the first 2 years after birth

Growth

The process by which organisms increase in size, weight, strength, and other traits as they develop

Development

The process by which organisms unfold features and traits, grow, in structure, and function

Reinforcement

The process of providing stimuli following a behavior, which has the effect of increasing the frequency of the behavior.

Operant conditioning

a simple form of learning in which an organism learns to engage in behavior that is reinforced

Child

A person undergoing the period of development from infancy through puberty

Stage theory

A theory of development characterized by hypothesizing the existence of distinct periods of life.