EMT-B Chapter 28

A patient with a head injury presents with abnormal flexion of his extremities. What numeric value should you assign to him for motor response?

3

Which of the following statements regarding secondary brain injury is correct?

Hypoxia and hypotension are the two most common causes of secondary brain injury.

Which of the following breathing patterns is MOST indicative of increased intracranial pressure?

Irregular rate, pattern, and volume of breathing with intermittent periods of apnea

An indicator of an expanding intracranial hematoma or rapidly progressing brain swelling is:

a rapid deterioration of neurologic signs.

Common signs and symptoms of a serious head injury include all of the following, EXCEPT:

a rapid, thready pulse.

A man jumped from the roof of his house and landed on his feet. He complains of pain to his heels, knees, and lower back. This mechanism of injury is an example of:

axial loading

The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the:

brain and spinal cord

The five sections of the spinal column, in descending order, are the:

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal

The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to assess:

eye opening, verbal response, motor response

Hyperextension injuries of the spine are MOST commonly the result of:

hangings

In contrast to a cerebral concussion, a cerebral contusion:

involves physical injury to the brain tissue.

Once a cervical collar has been applied to a patient with a possible spinal injury, it should not be removed unless:

it causes a problem managing the airway.

A tight-fitting motorcycle helmet should be left in place unless:

it interferes with your assessment of the airway.

When activated, the sympathetic nervous system produces all of the following effects, EXCEPT:

pupillary constriction

When assessing a patient with a head injury, you note the presence of thin, bloody fluid draining from his right ear. This indicates:

rupture of the tympanic membrane following diffuse impact to the head.

You should be MOST suspicious that a patient has experienced a significant head injury if his or her pulse is:

slow

What part of the nervous system controls the body's voluntary activities?

somatic

During your primary assessment of a 19-year-old unconscious male who experienced severe head trauma, you note that his respirations are rapid, irregular, and shallow. He has bloody secretions draining from his mouth and nose. You should:

suction his oropharynx for up to 15 seconds.

The ideal procedure for moving an injured patient from the ground to a backboard is:

the four-person log roll.

When immobilizing a trauma patient's spine, the EMT manually stabilizing the head should not let go until:

the patient has been completely secured to the backboard.