EMT Chapter 7
All of the following are considered accessory muscles of inhalation, EXCEPT the: A. diaphragm. B. sternocleidomastoid muscles. C. scalene muscles. D. pectoralis minor muscles.
A
Deliberate movement is accomplished by which kind of muscle? A. Voluntary B. Smooth C. Cardiac D. Involuntary
A
During exhalation, what causes the air to move out of the lungs? A. Positive pressure B. Negative pressure C. Flail motion D. Paradoxical motion
A
If a patient is having a heart attack, what additional finding should the EMT be certain to assess for? A. Changes to the blood pressure B. Alterations in the blood glucose level C. Changes to the pupils D. Abnormal neurological changes
A
If a patient is unconscious without any injury to the neck or spine but you suspect there is fluid to drain from his mouth, it is BEST to place him in which position? A. Recovery B. Prone C. Trendelenburg D. Supine
A
Imaginary straight-line divisions of the body are called: A. anatomical planes. B. positional planes. C. geometric planes. D. physiological planes.
A
In order to BEST understand what is wrong with the body, the EMT will need to understand: A. what is normally right with the body. B. acceptable medical terminology. C. all of the possible signs and symptoms. D. the proper use of vitals equipment.
A
One day while at the station between calls, you are completing a crossword puzzle. One of the clues for a medical term reads "a suffix that refers to the blood." You would know this to be: A. -emia. B. -itis. C. -algia. D. rhin/o-.
A
One of the MOST important functions of the skin is: A. protecting the body from the environment. B. producing vitamin A for the body. C. serving as a site for melanin production. D. allowing the body to shed excess heat to the environment.
A
Sperm formed in the testes travel from the epididymis to the urethra by a hollow tube called the: A. vas deferens. B. seminal vesicle. C. prostate. D. bulbourethral gland.
A
The EMT is caring for a patient who sustained a workplace injury and assesses the patient's ability to move his arms and legs. Which body system controls this movement? A. Voluntary nervous system B. Integumentary system C. Endocrine system D. Peripheral vascular system
A
The brain and spinal cord make up the: A. central nervous system. B. autonomic nervous system. C. peripheral nervous system. D. voluntary nervous system.
A
The imaginary horizontal and vertical lines going through the navel create the: A. abdominal quadrants. B. superior segments. C. thoracic regions. D. inferior segments.
A
The lateral recumbent position means the patient is lying: A. on the right or left side. B. on the back with the upper body elevated. C. on the back with the feet raised and the head lowered. D. face down on the stomach.
A
The part of the airway that can create the greatest resistance to airflow is the A. bronchioles. B. bronchi. C. nasal cavity. D. trachea.
A
The parts of the small intestine include each of the following, EXCEPT the: A. colon. B. duodenum. C. jejunum. D. ileum.
A
The pulmonary system has the capability to store oxygen for how long? A. Several minutes B. Several hours C. Several days D. Several seconds
A
The structure through which urine passes to be eliminated from the body is the: A. urethra. B. ureter. C. loop of Henle. D. calyx.
A
The study of the body's structure or design is referred to as: A. anatomy. B. pathophysiology. C. physiointegration. D. physiology.
A
The subcutaneous layer of the skin plays an important role in: A. heat preservation. B. sweating. C. sensing light touch. D. providing oily secretions to protect the skin.
A
Which one of the following keep the body systems working together? A. Nervous system B. Endocrine system C. Circulatory system D. Integumentary system
A
All of the following are components of the female reproductive system, EXCEPT the: A. ovaries. B. vas deferens. C. vulva. D. fallopian tubes.
B
Beta1 stimulation has each of the following effects on the heart, EXCEPT: A. increases the speed of conduction. B. slows the conduction velocity of the heart. C. increases the force of contraction. D. increases the heart rate.
B
During the process of urine formation, wastes are removed from the circulating blood for elimination. This is done by the: A. ureter. B. kidneys. C. pancreas. D. urinary bladder.
B
Given what the reticular activating system does for the body, it could also be called the: A. "vegetative and thought center." B. "wake and sleep center." C. "react and move center." D. "feed or breed center."
B
In which area of the brain is the cardiac center located? A. Cerebellum B. Brainstem C. Cerebrum D. Pons
B
Inspiration occurs when the: A. diaphragm rises and the ribs move upward and outward. B. intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract. C. intercostal muscles and the diaphragm relax. D. diaphragm rises and the ribs move downward and inward.
B
The EMT arrives upon the scene and finds a person with a brain injury unresponsive and without a pulse or heart rate. Which portion of the nervous system is most likely affected? A. Cerebrum B. Brainstem C. Cerebellum D. Spinal cord
B
The joint at the wrist permits the hand to move up and down and side to side, but not to rotate completely. This type of joint is a: A. saddle joint. B. condyloid joint. C. gliding joint. D. pivot joint.
B
The mechanical process of moving air in and out of the lungs is called: A. oxygenation. B. ventilation. C. respiration. D. perfusion.
B
The medical term that is used to refer to the palm of the hand is: A. plantar. B. palmar. C. distal. D. palomar.
B
The musculoskeletal system consists of all of the following components EXCEPT the: A. ligaments and tendons. B. blood vessels. C. skeleton. D. muscles.
B
The part of the ulna that forms the bony prominence of the elbow is called the: A. radius. B. olecranon. C. acromion. D. carpal
B
The structure of the body and the relationship of its parts to each other is called: A. anatomical position. B. anatomy. C. biology. D. physiology.
B
The type of joint that comprises the small bones in the hands and feet (not fingers or toes) is known as: A. saddle. B. gliding. C. condyloid. D. pivot.
B
The word part cardi/o is considered a medical: A. prefix. B. root. C. definition. D. suffix.
B
To minimize friction when the heart contracts, what structure secretes fluid lubricant? A. Atrium B. Pericardial sac C. Ventricles D. Tricuspid valves
B
What division of the nervous system influences all activity of skeletal muscles and movements? A. Autonomic B. Voluntary C. Involuntary D. Central
B
What gland of the body helps to regulate circadian rhythms? A. Thyroid B. Pineal C. Adrenal D. Pituitary
B
What is the MOST important reason EMTs should have a good grasp on proper use of medical terminology? A. The profession requires it. B. It allows clear communication with other health care providers. C. It shows the patient that we are well educated. D. It is necessary to use in order to speak to physicians.
B
What occurs during normal and unlabored exhalation? A. The intercostals relax and the diaphragm contracts. B. The intercostals and the diaphragm relax. C. The intercostals and the diaphragm contract. D. The intercostals contract and the diaphragm relaxes.
B
Which of the following occurs to the cardiovascular system in response to an increase in parasympathetic nervous system stimulation? A. Stronger contraction of the heart muscle B. Slowing of the heart rate C. Faster blood flow D. Increased heart rate
B
Which of the following skeletal structures surrounds and protects an important neurological structure? A. Thoracic rib cage B. Cranium C. Femur D. Nasal cavity
B
Which one of the following is responsible for reacting to the environment? A. Integumentary system B. Nervous system C. Renal system D. Endocrine system
B
Which one of the following statements about the nervous system is true? A. It transmits sensory stimuli to the spinal cord for interpretation. B. It enables the individual to be aware of the environment. C. Nerves transmit impulses from tissues to organs. D. It controls body functions through the voluntary nervous system.
B
Which two components of the nervous system must be intact to allow the patient to be conscious and fully oriented? A. The thalamus and the reticular activating system B. Both cerebral hemispheres and the reticular activating system C. Both cerebral hemispheres and the pons D. The thalamus and medulla
B
Why is the treatment of pediatric airway swelling more critical than treatment of airway swelling in adults? A. Adult airway swelling is more critical because of increased oxygen demands in adults. B. Because of the small diameter of the airway C. Because of increased oxygen demands in children D. Because of the added difficulty in diagnosis
B
Oxygen-poor blood is pumped to the lungs from the right ventricle through which vessel? A. Aorta B. Pulmonary artery C. Pulmonary vein D. Vena cava
B
After leaving a capillary, blood enters into what structure on its trip back to the heart? A. Arteriole B. Artery C. Venule D. Vein
C
Anatomy refers to the: A. bones of the body. B. function of the living body and its parts. C. structure of the body. D. body's disease and injury.
C
At the base of the aortic artery, where it originates off the left ventricle is the: A. tricuspid valve. B. mitral valve. C. aortic valve. D. pulmonary valve
C
Components of the male reproductive system include each of the following, EXCEPT the: A. testes. B. seminal vesicles. C. fallopian tubes. D. prostate gland.
C
If a patient told an EMT that one of his doctors is a specialist in treating problems with the skin, the EMT would know that the patient is referring to what type of doctor? A. Hematologist B. Gerontologist C. Dermatologist D. Cytologist
C
Of the following, which would be considered a function of the skeletal system? A. Filtering and excreting wastes B. Protecting the body from foreign organisms C. Allowing for movement D. Carrying sensory information to and from the brain
C
The amount of air a patient breathes in and out with one regular breath is the: A. dead space. B. minute volume. C. tidal volume. D. alveolar volume.
C
The cervical spine is formed by which vertebrae? A. Five fused vertebrae at the pelvis B. Twelve vertebrae inferior to the neck C. The first seven vertebrae D. Five vertebrae in the lower back
C
The distal end of the penis, which contains the urethral opening, is called the: A. bulbourethral gland. B. vas deferens. C. glans. D. epididymis.
C
The fluid component of the blood is called: A. clotting factors. B. platelets. C. plasma. D. sugar.
C
The hormone epinephrine has which effect on the heart's conduction system? A. It decreases the number of extra beats. B. It slows the rate. C. It speeds up conduction. D. It decreases the cardiac output.
C
The left and right brachial arteries supply blood to the: A. legs. B. kidneys. C. arms. D. skull.
C
The majority of digestion of food into structures that can be more easily absorbed takes place in the: A. liver. B. spleen. C. stomach. D. gallbladder.
C
The majority of the mass of the heart is located: A. in the posterior chest. B. to the right of the midline. C. to the left of the midline. D. above the nipple line.
C
The organ of the digestive system responsible for production of juices that aid in the digestion of fats, starches, and proteins is the: A. stomach. B. gallbladder. C. pancreas. D. spleen.
C
The role of melanin in the skin is to: A. carry wastes and excess salt to the surface of the skin. B. allow storage of excess fat in the body. C. provide protection from ultraviolet light. D. protect the skin from drying out.
C
The structure that is responsible for storing the sperm is called the: A. ovary. B. prostate gland. C. epididymis. D. testes.
C
What gland of the body is considered to be the master gland? A. Hypothalamus B. Thyroid C. Pituitary D. Thalamus
C
What is the BEST reason that the EMT should be knowledgeable about normal anatomy and physiology? A. It enables the EMT to be looked upon as a true health care provider by other practitioners. B. It teaches the EMT important medical terms. C. It will help the EMT to recognize when life-threatening findings are present. D. It makes reading and understanding medical protocol (standing orders) easier.
C
What is the mechanical process by which air is moved in and out of the lungs? A. Inhalation B. Respiration C. Ventilation D. Oxygenation
C
What two electrolytes are shed through the skin during the regulation of water and electrolytes for thermoregulation in the body? A. Chloride and potassium B. Magnesium and sodium C. Sodium and chloride D. Potassium and sodium
C
When a patient is lying on his back with his feet elevated higher than his head, this is referred to as what position? A. Fowler's B. Recumbent C. Trendelenburg D. Semi-Fowler's
C
Which of the following is TRUE regarding respiratory anatomy in infants and children? A. The ribs are less pliable in infants than in adults. B. Infants and children rely less on the diaphragm to breathe than an adult. C. The tongue of an infant or child takes up proportionally more space than an adult's. D. The nose of an infant is proportionally larger than that of an adult.
C
Which of the following types of joints allow for the widest range of motion? A. Saddle B. Gliding C. Ball-and-socket D. Condyloid
C
Which one of the following is responsible for connecting bone to bone? A. Tendons B. Muscles C. Ligaments D. Cartilage
C
Which type of muscle is generally attached at one or both ends to a bone by tendons? A. Involuntary B. Cardiac C. Skeletal D. Smooth
C
You have a patient who has fluid in the airway, labored breathing, absent breath sounds, and a low blood oxygen level and is unresponsive. What should you manage FIRST? A. Low blood oxygen level B. Diminished mental status C. Airway occlusion D. Inadequate ventilations
C
All of the following are functions of the nervous system, EXCEPT: A. controlling motor function and transmitting motor impulses to muscles for movement. B. transmitting sensory stimuli to the brain for interpretation. C. controlling and maintaining a conscious and aware state. D. secreting enzymes into the bloodstream to control sugar balance.
D
Anatomic differences between pediatric and adult airways require that: A. only pediatric specialists treat children. B. you notify medical direction before treating an infant for respiratory problems. C. treatment for respiratory problems be conducted the same without regard to age. D. specific considerations are taken when treating the infant for respiratory issues.
D
Identify both the type of muscle and the property of that muscle that has the ability to initiate its own impulse. A. Voluntary: excitation B. Smooth: pre-excitation C. Skeletal: automaticity D. Cardiac: automaticity
D
If an EMT wanted to state what position the body was in when he arrived, given that the patient was found lying on his back, face up, he would use what term when communicating with other health care professionals? A. Lateral B. Trendelenburg C. Prone D. Supine
D
Smooth muscle is responsible for: A. movement of the eyeballs. B. contraction of the heart. C. chewing and swallowing. D. constriction or dilation of the blood vessels.
D
The gland that regulates metabolism, growth and development, and the activity of the nervous system is the: A. pancreas. B. thymus. C. adrenal. D. thyroid.
D
The left and right brachial arteries supply blood to the: A. legs. B. kidneys. C. skull. D. arms.
D
The medical term that is used to refer to the back of the patient is: A. ventral. B. anterior. C. lateral. D. dorsal.
D
The midaxillary line is drawn: A. vertically through the middle of the patient's body from the top of the head. B. horizontally through the patient's shoulders. C. horizontally through the patient's waist. D. vertically from the middle of the patient's armpit down to the ankle.
D
The only movable part of the skull is the: A. zygoma. B. nasal bone. C. maxillae. D. mandible.
D
The organ of the digestive system responsible for production of bile that helps to digest fat is the: A. small intestine. B. spleen. C. gallbladder. D. liver.
D
The set of neural tracts in the brain that must be functioning to allow consciousness to occur is known as the: A. somatic nerves. B. cranial nerves. C. hypothalamus. D. reticular activating system.
D
The study of the function of the living body and its parts, or how the body works in an interrelated fashion, is called: A. anatomy. B. psychology. C. sociology. D. physiology.
D
The word part brady- is considered what part of a medical term? A. Phrase B. Root C. Suffix D. Prefix
D
The grape-like structures where the actual air exchange occurs in the lungs are called the: A. bronchus. B. pharynx. C. epiglottis. D. alveoli.
D
Upon arrival at a scene of a fight, you find your patient lying face up on his back. What is this position called? A. Prone B. Lateral C. Fowler's D. Supine
D
Urine is transported to the bladder by the: A. urethra. B. kidney. C. fallopian tube. D. ureter.
D
What is one of the purposes for the way in which the individual vertebrae are shaped and arranged in the body? A. To produce red blood cells B. To allow the back to extend farther than it can flex C. To allow 360 degrees of twisting motion D. To protect the spinal cord
D
What term is used by the EMT when referring to the actual functioning and interrelatedness of the body's systems? A. Anatomical position B. Biology C. Anatomy D. Physiology
D
Which of the following occurs in response to an increase in parasympathetic nervous system stimulation? A. Decreased digestion mobility B. Pupillary dilation C. Diminished salivation D. Slowing of the heart rate
D
Which one of the following contributes the genes that determine hereditary characteristics of an offspring? A. Progesterone B. Semen C. Testosterone D. Ovum
D
Which one of the following is responsible for producing testosterone? A. Prostate gland B. Seminal vesicles C. Epididymis D. Testes
D
Which one of the following statements best describes the term physiology? A. How different positions affect the body B. How the body is made C. How disease affects the body D. How the body works
D
Generally, if ventilations continue to worsen despite the use of accessory muscles, the patient's breathing may be considered: A. prolonged. B. appropriate. C. adequate. D. inadequate.
D
Occipital, parietal, temporal, and frontal are all parts of the: A. abdomen. B. spinal column. C. rib cage. D. cranium.
D
