EMT Chapter 9 Quiz

Bag Valve Mask % LPM

100% 15 LPM

The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is ______ mm Hg, while the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli is ______ mm Hg. a.) 70, 28 b.) 88, 30 c.) 90, 50 d.) 104, 40

104, 40

The pressure of gas in a full cylinder of oxygen is approximately ______ pounds per square inch (psi). a.) 500 b.) 1,000 c.) 1,500 d.) 2,000

2,000

At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate oxygen concentration of up to: a.) 24% b.) 35% c.) 44% d.) 52%

44%

What is the minute volume of a patient with a tidal volume of 500 mL, a dead space volume of 150 mL, and a respiratory rate of 16 breaths/min? a.) 5,600 mL b.) 6,000 mL c.) 7,400 mL d.) 8,000 mL

5,600 mL

An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the pressures inside it is less than: a.) 200 psi b.) 500 psi c.) 1,000 psi d.) 1,500 psi

500 psi

Mouth to mask w O2 %

55%

You are performing mouth-to-mask ventilations with oxygen connected and set at a flow rate of 15 L/min. What percentage of oxygen is your patient receiving? a.) 45% b.) 55% c.) 65% d.) 75%

55%

With a good mask-to-face seal and an oxygen flow rate of 15 L/min, the nonrebreathing mask is capable of delivering up to ______% inspired oxygen. a.) 70 b.) 80 c.) 90 d.) 100

90

nonrebreather % LPM

90% 10-15 LPM

A 23-year-old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has rapid and shallow breathing, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway? A. Suction his oropharynx with a rigid catheter until all secretions are removed. B. Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and provide suction and assisted ventilations. C. Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation. D. Provide continuous ventilations with a bag-mask device to minimize hypoxia.

Alternate 15 seconds of oral suctioning with 2 minutes of assisted ventilation.

You respond to the residence of a 62 year old male who is unresponsive. Your primary assessment reveals that he is apneic and pulse less. You should . A. Notify dispatch and request paramedic ambulance B.ask the family if the patients has a terminal disease. C.start car and attach the AED as soon as possible. D. Perform car and transport the patient immediately

C.start car and attach the AED as soon as possible

an adult parient is not experiencing difficulty breathing will: A. Be in the tripod position B. Exhibit accessory muscle C. Have a respiratory rate that is between 24 & 28 breaths/min D. Be able to speak in complete sentences without any pauses

D. Be able to speak in complete sentences without any pauses

Each cell of the body combines nutrients and oxygen and produces energy and waste products through a process called: a.) respiration b.) ventilation c.) metabolism d.) oxygenation

Metabolism

The three major steps in a secondary assessment are conducting a physical exam, taking baseline vitals signs and A providing emergency care B packaging the patient for transport C obtaining a sample history D stabilizing the cervical spine

Obtaining a sample history

On which of the following patients would it be MOST appropriate to use the flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device? A. an 8-year-old female with respiratory failure B. a 21-year-old male with traumatic cardiac arrest C. a 38-year-old apneic female with blunt chest trauma D. a 59-year-old male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

a 21-year-old male with traumatic cardiac arrest

Which of the following patients should you place in the recovery position? a.) a 19-year-old conscious male with a closed head injury and normal respirations b.) a 24-year-old unconscious female who overdosed and has a reduced tidal volume c.) a 31-year-old semiconscious male with low blood sugar and adequate breathing d.) a 40-year-old conscious female with a possible neck injury and regular respirations

a 31-year-old semiconscious male with low blood sugar and adequate breathing

Which of the following patients is breathing adequately? A. a conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin B. a conscious female with facial cyanosis and rapid, shallow respirations C. a conscious male with respirations of 18 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume D. an unconscious 52-year-old female with snoring respirations and cool, pale skin

a conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin

What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly? a.) minute volume increases because of a marked increase in both tidal volume and respiratory rate b.) air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange c.) air is forcefully drawn into the lungs due to the negative pressure created by the rapid respirations d.) the majority of tidal volume reaches the lungs and diffuses across the alveolar-capillary membrane

air moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange

You and your partner are treating a 66-year-old man who experienced a sudden onset of respiratory distress. He is conscious but is unable to follow simple verbal commands. Further assessment reveals that his breathing is severely labored and his oxygen saturation is 80%. You should: A. attempt to insert an oropharyngeal airway. B. assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device. C. apply a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device and monitor his breathing. D. apply high-flow oxygen via nonrebreathing mask.

assist his ventilations with a bag-mask device.

You and your partner are caring for a critically injured patient. Your partner is controlling severe bleeding from the patient's lower extremities as you attempt ventilations with a bag-mask device. After repositioning the mask several times, you are unable to effectively ventilate the patient. You should: A. begin ventilations using the mouth-to-mask technique. B. hyperextend the patient's head and reattempt ventilations. C. continue attempted ventilations and transport immediately. D. suction the patient's airway for 30 seconds and reattempt ventilations.

begin ventilations using the mouth-to-mask technique.

The nasopharyngeal airway is MOST beneficial because it: a.) can effectively stabilize fractured nasal bones if it is inserted properly b.) is generally well tolerated in conscious patients with an intact gag reflex c.) effectively maintains the airway of a patient in cardiopulmonary arrest d.) can maintain a patent airway in a semiconscious patient with a gag reflex

can maintain a patent airway in a semiconscious patient with a gag reflex

The jaw-thrust maneuver is used to open the airway of patients with suspected: a.) mandibular fractures b.) upper airway swelling c.) cervical spine injuries d.) copious oral secretions

cervical spine injuries

Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia? A. anxiety B. cyanosis C. tachycardia D. restlessness

cyanosis

Inhalation occurs when the: a.) diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax and cause an increase in intrathoracic pressure b.) diaphragm and intercostal muscles ascend and cause an increase in intrathoracic pressure c.) diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure d.) diaphragm ascends and the intercostal muscles contact, causing a decrease in intrathoracic pressure

diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure

A 37-year-old male has apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. His skin is pink, warm, and moist. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes: a.) a series of back blows and chest thrusts b.) finger sweeps to remove the obstruction c.) performing a series of abdominal thrusts d.) encouraging him to cough and transporting

encouraging him to cough and transporting

Structures of the lower airway include all of the following, EXPECT the: a.) alveoli b.) trachea c.) epiglottis d.) bronchioles

epiglottis

The leaf-shaped structure located superior to the larynx is called the: A. epiglottis.. B. vallecula. C. cricoid ring. D. thyroid cartilage.

epiglottis..

CPAP is indicated for patients who: A. have signs of pneumonia but are breathing adequately. B. are unresponsive and have signs of inadequate ventilation. C. have pulmonary edema and can follow verbal commands. D. are hypotensive and have a marked reduction in tidal volume.

have pulmonary edema and can follow verbal commands.

Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as: a.) low venous oxygen levels b.) a decrease in arterial oxygen levels c.) an increase in carbon dioxide in the blood d.) inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells

inadequate oxygen to the tissues and cells

All of the following will help minimize the risk of gastric distention when ventilating an apneic patient with a bag-mask device, EXCEPT: A. ensuring the appropriate airway position. B. applying pressure to the cricoid cartilage. C. ventilating the patient at the appropriate rate. D. increasing the amount of delivered tidal volume.

increasing the amount of delivered tidal volume.

In contrast to inhalation, exhalation: A. requires muscular effort to effectively expel air from the lungs. B. is a passive process caused by increased intrathoracic pressure. C. occurs when the diaphragm lowers and expels air from the lungs. D. is an active process caused by decreased intrathoracic pressure.

is a passive process caused by increased intrathoracic pressure.

As the single EMT managing an apneic patient's airway, the preferred initial method of providing ventilations is the: A. mouth-to-mouth technique. B. one-person bag-mask device. C. manually triggered ventilation device. D. mouth-to-mask technique with a one-way valve.

mouth-to-mask technique with a one-way valve.

Tidal volume is defined as the volume of air that: A. is moved through the lungs in a single minute. B. moves into or out of the lungs in a single breath. C. remains in the lungs following a complete exhalation. D. is forced into the lungs as a result of positive pressure.

moves into or out of the lungs in a single breath.

The MOST serious complication associated with using a nasopharyngeal airway in a patient with trauma to the head or face is: A. fracturing the septum. B. damaging the turbinates. C. penetrating the cranium. D. causing severe bleeding.

penetrating the cranium.

You are ventilating a 40-year-old uninjured man who is apneic but has a pulse. When your partner reassesses his blood pressure, he notes that is has decreased significantly from previous readings. You elevate the patient's legs, but this action has no effect. You should: a.) reevaluate the rate and volume of your ventilations b.) perform a head-to-toe assessment to look for bleeding c.) increase the volume of your ventilations and reassess his blood pressure d.) ensure that you are delivery one breath every 3 to 5 seconds

reevaluate the rate and volume of your ventilations

A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should: a.) continue to insert the airway as you suction her oropharynx b.) remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx c.) insert the airway no further but leave it in place as a bite block d.) select a smaller oropharyngeal airway and attempt to insert it

remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx

The diaphragm functions as an involuntary muscle when a person: A. sleeps. B. coughs. C. takes a deep breath. D. holds his or her breath.

sleeps

Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense: a.) slight elevations in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid b.) slight decreases in carbon dioxide and an increase in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid c.) decreased levels of oxygen in the blood and an increase in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid d.) increased levels of oxygen in the blood and a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid

slight elevations in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid

Proper technique for suctioning the oropharynx of an adult patient includes: a.) continuously suctioning patients with copious oral secretions b.) suctioning while withdrawing the catheter from the oropharynx c.) removing large, solid objects with a tonsil-tip suction catheter d.) suctioning for up to 1 minute if the patient is well oxygenated

suctioning while withdrawing the catheter from the oropharynx

The nasal cannula is MOST appropriately used in the prehospital setting: A. when the patient cannot tolerate a nonrebreathing mask. B. if the patient's nasopharynx is obstructed by secretions. C. if long-term supplemental oxygen administration is required. D. when the patient breathes primarily through his or her mouth.

when the patient cannot tolerate a nonrebreathing mask.