EMT Trauma Part 1

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respiratory system

The system of nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide. also called the pulmonary system oxygen is moved into the bloodstream through inhalation, and carbon dioxide is picked up by the blood and excreted through exhalation -Nasal cavity -Pharynx -Larynx -Trachea -Bronchial tubes -lungs

plane

a flat surface when slicing through a solid object

mid-axillary line

a line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle

distal pulse

a pulse found in a extremity, a pulse point that is farther away from the torso than the splint

fowler positon

a sitting position

compound

a word formed from two or more whole words

combining form

a word root with an added vowel that can be joined with other words, roots, or suffixes to form a new word

hyper-

above normal, high

tachy-

above normal, rapid

super/supra-

above or excess

post-

after

contra-

against

pneumo

air or lungs

acronym

an abbreviation made up of initials that can be pronounced as a word

midline

an imaginary line drawn down the center of the body, dividing it into right and left halves

peri-

around

ab-

away from

inferior

away from the head, usually compared with another structure that is closer to the head (e.g., the lips are inferior to the nose)

ante-

before

pre-

before

hypo-

below normal, low

inter-

between

-pnea

breathing

proximal

closer to the torso

CPAP

continuous positive airway pressure

-spasm

contraction

dys

difficult or painful

-rrhea

discharge

distal

farther away from the torso

renel/urinary system

filters waste products out of the blood and removes them from the body -kidneys -ureters -urinary bladder -urethra

integumentary system

forms barrier and aids in temperature regulation -skin -hair -nails -sweat glands

root

foundation of a word that is not a word that can stand on its own

abdominal quadrants

four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury: the right upper quadrant, the left upper quadrant, the right lower quadrant, and the left lower quadrant

slicing the body into two halves, front and back, would create...

frontal or coronal planes

cardi

heart

lymphatic system

helps to maintain the fluid balance of the body and contributes to the body's immune system -tonsils/adenoids -thymus glands -spleen -lymph nodes -lymphatic vessels

-itis

inflammation

digestive system

ingests, digests and absorbs nutrients for the body -oral cavity -pharynx -esophagus -stomach -small intestine -large intestine (colon) -liver -gallbladder -pancreas

semi-fowler position

leaving back in a semi-sitting position

in the left lower quadrant

left kidney, colon, small intestines, major artery and vein to the left leg, ureter, bladder

unilateral

limited to one side

hepat

liver

in the right upper quadrant

liver, right kidney, colon, pancreas, gallbladder

in the left upper quadrant

liver, spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, pancreas

broncho/pulmo

lungs

prone

lying facedown

supine

lying on the back

recovery position

lying on the side, also called lateral recumbent position

poly-

many

or

mouth/oral

MI

myocardial infarction (heart attack)

neur

nerve

nas

nose/nasal

bilateral

on both sides

uni-

one

-ist

one who specializes in

-algia

pain

-plegia

paralysis

-ac

pertaining to

-al

pertaining to

female reproductive system

produces eggs for reproduction and provides place and nutrients for growing baby -ovaries -fallopian tubes (oviducts) -uterus -vagina -vulva -breasts

male reproductive system

produces sperm for reproduction -testes -epididymis -vas deferens -penis -seminal vesicles -prostate gland

nervous system

receives sensory information and coordinates the body's response -brain -spinal cord -nerves

dorsal

referring to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot. A synonym for posterior

ventral

referring to the front of the body. A synonym for anterior

palmar

referring to the palm of the hand

plantar

referring to the sole of the foot

endocrine system

regulate metabolic/hormonal activities of the body -pituitary gland -pineal gland -thyroid gland -parathyroid glands -thymus gland -adrenal glands -pancreas -testes -ovaries

-ectomy

removal

in the right lower quadrant

right kidney, colon, small intestines, major artery and vein to the right leg, ureter, appendix, bladder

slicing the body down the middle to create two side-by-side halves would create...

sagittal or median planes

brady-

slow/below normal

gastro

stomach

-ology

study of

-otomy

surgical opening

posterior

the back of the body or body part

skeleton

the bones of the body

anterior

the front of the body or body part

xiphoid process

the inferior part of the sternum, or breastbone

mid-clavicular

the line through the center of each clavicle. when using a a stethoscope to listen for breath sounds, you will place the stethoscope here to listen to each side of the chest and assess the function of both lungs

anatomic position

the standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. in this position, the body is standing erect, facing the observer, with arms down at the sides and the palms of the hands forward

physiology

the study of body function

anatomy

the study of body structure

cardiovascular system

the system made up of the heart (cardio) and the blood vessels (vascular) . pumps blood throughout the entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes. (circulatory system) -heart -arteries -veins

musculoskeletal system

the system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement -bones -joints -muscles 3 main functions: 1. to give the body shape 2. to protect the vital internal organs 3. to provide for body movement

torso

the trunk of the body, or the body without the head and the extremities

thyroid cartilage

the wing-shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and forms the Adam's apple

muscle

tissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part

ligament

tissue that connects bone to bone

tendon

tissue that connects muscle to bone

lateral

to the side, away from the midline of the body

ad-

toward or near

superior

toward the head (e.g., the chest is superior to the abdomen)

medial

toward the midline of the body

blood system

transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and promotes clotting to control bleeding -Plasma -red blood cells -white blood cells -platelets

slicing the body into two halves top and bottom would create...

transverse or horizontal planes

-emesis

vomiting

WNL

within normal limits

prefix

word part added to the beginning of a root or word to modify or qualify its meaning

suffix

word part added to the end of a root or word to complete its meaning


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Ch 5 - Cardiovascular System Medical Terminology For Health Professions ed. 7

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