EMT Trauma Part 1
respiratory system
The system of nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that brings oxygen into the body and expels carbon dioxide. also called the pulmonary system oxygen is moved into the bloodstream through inhalation, and carbon dioxide is picked up by the blood and excreted through exhalation -Nasal cavity -Pharynx -Larynx -Trachea -Bronchial tubes -lungs
plane
a flat surface when slicing through a solid object
mid-axillary line
a line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle
distal pulse
a pulse found in a extremity, a pulse point that is farther away from the torso than the splint
fowler positon
a sitting position
compound
a word formed from two or more whole words
combining form
a word root with an added vowel that can be joined with other words, roots, or suffixes to form a new word
hyper-
above normal, high
tachy-
above normal, rapid
super/supra-
above or excess
post-
after
contra-
against
pneumo
air or lungs
acronym
an abbreviation made up of initials that can be pronounced as a word
midline
an imaginary line drawn down the center of the body, dividing it into right and left halves
peri-
around
ab-
away from
inferior
away from the head, usually compared with another structure that is closer to the head (e.g., the lips are inferior to the nose)
ante-
before
pre-
before
hypo-
below normal, low
inter-
between
-pnea
breathing
proximal
closer to the torso
CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
-spasm
contraction
dys
difficult or painful
-rrhea
discharge
distal
farther away from the torso
renel/urinary system
filters waste products out of the blood and removes them from the body -kidneys -ureters -urinary bladder -urethra
integumentary system
forms barrier and aids in temperature regulation -skin -hair -nails -sweat glands
root
foundation of a word that is not a word that can stand on its own
abdominal quadrants
four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury: the right upper quadrant, the left upper quadrant, the right lower quadrant, and the left lower quadrant
slicing the body into two halves, front and back, would create...
frontal or coronal planes
cardi
heart
lymphatic system
helps to maintain the fluid balance of the body and contributes to the body's immune system -tonsils/adenoids -thymus glands -spleen -lymph nodes -lymphatic vessels
-itis
inflammation
digestive system
ingests, digests and absorbs nutrients for the body -oral cavity -pharynx -esophagus -stomach -small intestine -large intestine (colon) -liver -gallbladder -pancreas
semi-fowler position
leaving back in a semi-sitting position
in the left lower quadrant
left kidney, colon, small intestines, major artery and vein to the left leg, ureter, bladder
unilateral
limited to one side
hepat
liver
in the right upper quadrant
liver, right kidney, colon, pancreas, gallbladder
in the left upper quadrant
liver, spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, pancreas
broncho/pulmo
lungs
prone
lying facedown
supine
lying on the back
recovery position
lying on the side, also called lateral recumbent position
poly-
many
or
mouth/oral
MI
myocardial infarction (heart attack)
neur
nerve
nas
nose/nasal
bilateral
on both sides
uni-
one
-ist
one who specializes in
-algia
pain
-plegia
paralysis
-ac
pertaining to
-al
pertaining to
female reproductive system
produces eggs for reproduction and provides place and nutrients for growing baby -ovaries -fallopian tubes (oviducts) -uterus -vagina -vulva -breasts
male reproductive system
produces sperm for reproduction -testes -epididymis -vas deferens -penis -seminal vesicles -prostate gland
nervous system
receives sensory information and coordinates the body's response -brain -spinal cord -nerves
dorsal
referring to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot. A synonym for posterior
ventral
referring to the front of the body. A synonym for anterior
palmar
referring to the palm of the hand
plantar
referring to the sole of the foot
endocrine system
regulate metabolic/hormonal activities of the body -pituitary gland -pineal gland -thyroid gland -parathyroid glands -thymus gland -adrenal glands -pancreas -testes -ovaries
-ectomy
removal
in the right lower quadrant
right kidney, colon, small intestines, major artery and vein to the right leg, ureter, appendix, bladder
slicing the body down the middle to create two side-by-side halves would create...
sagittal or median planes
brady-
slow/below normal
gastro
stomach
-ology
study of
-otomy
surgical opening
posterior
the back of the body or body part
skeleton
the bones of the body
anterior
the front of the body or body part
xiphoid process
the inferior part of the sternum, or breastbone
mid-clavicular
the line through the center of each clavicle. when using a a stethoscope to listen for breath sounds, you will place the stethoscope here to listen to each side of the chest and assess the function of both lungs
anatomic position
the standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. in this position, the body is standing erect, facing the observer, with arms down at the sides and the palms of the hands forward
physiology
the study of body function
anatomy
the study of body structure
cardiovascular system
the system made up of the heart (cardio) and the blood vessels (vascular) . pumps blood throughout the entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes. (circulatory system) -heart -arteries -veins
musculoskeletal system
the system of bones and skeletal muscles that support and protect the body and permit movement -bones -joints -muscles 3 main functions: 1. to give the body shape 2. to protect the vital internal organs 3. to provide for body movement
torso
the trunk of the body, or the body without the head and the extremities
thyroid cartilage
the wing-shaped plate of cartilage that sits anterior to the larynx and forms the Adam's apple
muscle
tissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part
ligament
tissue that connects bone to bone
tendon
tissue that connects muscle to bone
lateral
to the side, away from the midline of the body
ad-
toward or near
superior
toward the head (e.g., the chest is superior to the abdomen)
medial
toward the midline of the body
blood system
transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and promotes clotting to control bleeding -Plasma -red blood cells -white blood cells -platelets
slicing the body into two halves top and bottom would create...
transverse or horizontal planes
-emesis
vomiting
WNL
within normal limits
prefix
word part added to the beginning of a root or word to modify or qualify its meaning
suffix
word part added to the end of a root or word to complete its meaning
