Art 1030

volume

Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object

vanishing point

The point in a work of art at which imaginary sight lines appear to converge, suggesting depth.

proportion

The relationships between the sizes of different parts of a work make up its proportions By controlling these size relationships, an artist can enhance the expressive and descriptive characteristics of the work

intensity

The relative clarity of color in its purest raw form, demonstrated through luminous or muted variations.

form

The total effect of the combined visual attributes of a work, including materials, color, shape, line, and design.

pattern

The use of repetition in a work of art results in the creation of a pattern

open volume

When artists enclose a space with materials that are not completely solid, they create an open volume

variety

Variety is a collection of ideas, elements, or materials that are fused together into one design Variety is about uniqueness and diversity Artists use a multiplicity of values, textures, colors, and so on to intensify the impact of a work Variety can give life to a design Variety is the artist's way of giving a work of art a jolt

secondary colors

can be mixed from two primary colors violet, orange, green

sculpture in the round

can be seen from all sides

primary colors

cannot be mixed from any other two colors red, blue, yellow

isometric perspective

common video games uses parallels to communicate depth

hatching

consists of a series of lines, close to and parallel to each other

shape

geometric and organic. create positive and negative space. 2D

high and low relief

high- deeply carved low- equal depth, aka bas relief

non-objective art

ideas concerning the power of pure color and reference to any recognizable objects or figures. Contains no representation of recognizable figures and objects. The opposite of figurative art.

horizon line

in linear perspective, the line on which all vanishing points are positioned. More accurately described as the eye line or eye level.

implied line

ives us the impression we are seeing a line where there is no continuous mark. just the idea of a line.

mobile

kinetic. A work that contains moving parts.

Tromp O'Loeil

literally means 'fool the eye' in French. Imagery so realistic it is meant to be mistaken for the actual objects represented.

organic shape

made up of unpredictable, irregular lines that suggest the natural world

abstract art

means to extract the essence of an object or idea. Works that depict natural objects in simplified, distorted, or exaggerated ways.

tertiary

mixture one one primary and one secondary

linear perspective

relies on a system where lines appear to converge at points in space

focal point

specific place of visual emphasis

hue

the basic colors of the spectrum Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet are hues

value

the lightness or darkness of a surface

medium

(Plural media) the material on or from which an artiest chooses to make a work of art, for example canvas and oil paint, marble, engraving, video, or architecture.

crosshatching

(a variant of hatching in which the lines overlap) is used to suggest values that create a greater sense of form and depth

scale

A small-scale work implies intimacy Large-scale works can be experienced by groups of viewers and usually communicate big ideas directed at a large audience Practical considerations can affect an artist's decision about scale too Cost, time it will take to execute the piece, and demands that a specific location may place on the work are all factors

sociocultural analysis

Approaches looking and analyzing art that focuses on contextual and environmental influences on work of art.

representative art

Art that depicts figures and objects so that we recognize what is represented.

non-representative art

Art that does not depict a recognizable subject.

figurative art

Artists intent to present a realistic portrayal of subject matter. Or more literally studies of the human figure.

expressive theories

Capable of stirring the emotions of viewer.

color

Color is determined by the wavelengths of light it reflects The colors we see are those portions of the light spectrum that a surface fails to absorb, and reflects instead Reflected light excites nerve cells that line the back of our eyes Their nerve signals are reprocessed and interpreted as color in our brain

analogous

Colors adjacent to each other on the color wheel Creates a calming effect

formal analysis

Considers the elements and principles used by the artist Elements of art: line, shape, form, mass, volume, color, texture, space, time and motion, and value Principles of art: contrast, balance, unity, variety, rhythm, emphasis, pattern, proportion, and scale

content

Content refers to the meaning and the subject of a work of art Identifying the subject of an artwork: Representational (one can identify the subject) Non-objective (unrecognizable subject matter)

emphasis

Emphasis is the principle by which an artist draws attention to particular content in a work of art or design

complimentary

Exact opposite hues on color wheel They intensify one another Each seems more saturated

symmetrical balance

If a work can be cut in half and each side looks exactly (or nearly exactly) the same, then it is symmetrically balanced Near-perfect symmetry exists in the human body Because it is a part of our physical body, symmetry can seem very natural and we can make natural connections to it

Chiaroscuro

Italian for "light dark" A method of applying value to a two-dimensional piece of artwork to create the illusion of three dimensions. Renaissance artists identified five distinct areas of light and shadow Highlight Light area core shadow reflected light cast shadow

monochromatic

Literally means "one color". A one-color color schemes. A monochromatic painting shows various values (tints and shades) of the same color. Similar to a black and white photograph.

geometric shape

Mathematically Regular and precise

unity

Provides an artwork with its cohesiveness and helps communicate its visual idea Artists are concerned with three kinds of unity: Compositional Conceptual And Gestalt

rhythm

Rhythm gives structure to the experience of looking, just as it guides our eyes from one point to another in a work of art There is rhythm when there are at least two points of reference in an artwork The intervals between elements provide points of reference for more complex rhythms

elements of design

The Basic Vocabulary of art Line is a Fundamental element of art The building blocks of any work of art

gold section

The Golden Section is a proportional ratio of 1:1.618, which occurs in many natural objects Real human bodies do not have exactly these proportions, but when the ratio 1:1.618 is applied to making statues, it gives naturalistic results The proportions of Ancient Greek sculptures are often very close to the Golden Section

principals of design

The Grammar of art - set of rules artists use to organize design elements

subordination

The opposite of emphasis is subordination Subordination draws our attention away from certain areas of a work

asymmetrical balance

When artists organize a composition they often use different visual "weights" on each side of it This applies when the elements on the left and right sides are not the same, but the combination of elements counters each other

mixed media

Work of art formed from the combination of more than one medium, often an unusual combination of seemingly unrelated materials such as wood, clay, paint, and fabric.

relief

a work in which forms project from a flat surface. It is designed to be viewed from one side only.

aerial perspective

uses changes in value and color intensity to show depth