Art 1030
volume
Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object
vanishing point
The point in a work of art at which imaginary sight lines appear to converge, suggesting depth.
proportion
The relationships between the sizes of different parts of a work make up its proportions By controlling these size relationships, an artist can enhance the expressive and descriptive characteristics of the work
intensity
The relative clarity of color in its purest raw form, demonstrated through luminous or muted variations.
form
The total effect of the combined visual attributes of a work, including materials, color, shape, line, and design.
pattern
The use of repetition in a work of art results in the creation of a pattern
open volume
When artists enclose a space with materials that are not completely solid, they create an open volume
variety
Variety is a collection of ideas, elements, or materials that are fused together into one design Variety is about uniqueness and diversity Artists use a multiplicity of values, textures, colors, and so on to intensify the impact of a work Variety can give life to a design Variety is the artist's way of giving a work of art a jolt
secondary colors
can be mixed from two primary colors violet, orange, green
sculpture in the round
can be seen from all sides
primary colors
cannot be mixed from any other two colors red, blue, yellow
isometric perspective
common video games uses parallels to communicate depth
hatching
consists of a series of lines, close to and parallel to each other
shape
geometric and organic. create positive and negative space. 2D
high and low relief
high- deeply carved low- equal depth, aka bas relief
non-objective art
ideas concerning the power of pure color and reference to any recognizable objects or figures. Contains no representation of recognizable figures and objects. The opposite of figurative art.
horizon line
in linear perspective, the line on which all vanishing points are positioned. More accurately described as the eye line or eye level.
implied line
ives us the impression we are seeing a line where there is no continuous mark. just the idea of a line.
mobile
kinetic. A work that contains moving parts.
Tromp O'Loeil
literally means 'fool the eye' in French. Imagery so realistic it is meant to be mistaken for the actual objects represented.
organic shape
made up of unpredictable, irregular lines that suggest the natural world
abstract art
means to extract the essence of an object or idea. Works that depict natural objects in simplified, distorted, or exaggerated ways.
tertiary
mixture one one primary and one secondary
linear perspective
relies on a system where lines appear to converge at points in space
focal point
specific place of visual emphasis
hue
the basic colors of the spectrum Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet are hues
value
the lightness or darkness of a surface
medium
(Plural media) the material on or from which an artiest chooses to make a work of art, for example canvas and oil paint, marble, engraving, video, or architecture.
crosshatching
(a variant of hatching in which the lines overlap) is used to suggest values that create a greater sense of form and depth
scale
A small-scale work implies intimacy Large-scale works can be experienced by groups of viewers and usually communicate big ideas directed at a large audience Practical considerations can affect an artist's decision about scale too Cost, time it will take to execute the piece, and demands that a specific location may place on the work are all factors
sociocultural analysis
Approaches looking and analyzing art that focuses on contextual and environmental influences on work of art.
representative art
Art that depicts figures and objects so that we recognize what is represented.
non-representative art
Art that does not depict a recognizable subject.
figurative art
Artists intent to present a realistic portrayal of subject matter. Or more literally studies of the human figure.
expressive theories
Capable of stirring the emotions of viewer.
color
Color is determined by the wavelengths of light it reflects The colors we see are those portions of the light spectrum that a surface fails to absorb, and reflects instead Reflected light excites nerve cells that line the back of our eyes Their nerve signals are reprocessed and interpreted as color in our brain
analogous
Colors adjacent to each other on the color wheel Creates a calming effect
formal analysis
Considers the elements and principles used by the artist Elements of art: line, shape, form, mass, volume, color, texture, space, time and motion, and value Principles of art: contrast, balance, unity, variety, rhythm, emphasis, pattern, proportion, and scale
content
Content refers to the meaning and the subject of a work of art Identifying the subject of an artwork: Representational (one can identify the subject) Non-objective (unrecognizable subject matter)
emphasis
Emphasis is the principle by which an artist draws attention to particular content in a work of art or design
complimentary
Exact opposite hues on color wheel They intensify one another Each seems more saturated
symmetrical balance
If a work can be cut in half and each side looks exactly (or nearly exactly) the same, then it is symmetrically balanced Near-perfect symmetry exists in the human body Because it is a part of our physical body, symmetry can seem very natural and we can make natural connections to it
Chiaroscuro
Italian for "light dark" A method of applying value to a two-dimensional piece of artwork to create the illusion of three dimensions. Renaissance artists identified five distinct areas of light and shadow Highlight Light area core shadow reflected light cast shadow
monochromatic
Literally means "one color". A one-color color schemes. A monochromatic painting shows various values (tints and shades) of the same color. Similar to a black and white photograph.
geometric shape
Mathematically Regular and precise
unity
Provides an artwork with its cohesiveness and helps communicate its visual idea Artists are concerned with three kinds of unity: Compositional Conceptual And Gestalt
rhythm
Rhythm gives structure to the experience of looking, just as it guides our eyes from one point to another in a work of art There is rhythm when there are at least two points of reference in an artwork The intervals between elements provide points of reference for more complex rhythms
elements of design
The Basic Vocabulary of art Line is a Fundamental element of art The building blocks of any work of art
gold section
The Golden Section is a proportional ratio of 1:1.618, which occurs in many natural objects Real human bodies do not have exactly these proportions, but when the ratio 1:1.618 is applied to making statues, it gives naturalistic results The proportions of Ancient Greek sculptures are often very close to the Golden Section
principals of design
The Grammar of art - set of rules artists use to organize design elements
subordination
The opposite of emphasis is subordination Subordination draws our attention away from certain areas of a work
asymmetrical balance
When artists organize a composition they often use different visual "weights" on each side of it This applies when the elements on the left and right sides are not the same, but the combination of elements counters each other
mixed media
Work of art formed from the combination of more than one medium, often an unusual combination of seemingly unrelated materials such as wood, clay, paint, and fabric.
relief
a work in which forms project from a flat surface. It is designed to be viewed from one side only.
aerial perspective
uses changes in value and color intensity to show depth