Endocrine System Review

All hormones are a. proteins. b. inorganic compounds. c. cholesterol based. d. chemical messengers. e. steroids.

chemical messengers

Hormone concentration levels are most commonly controlled by a. body temperature. b. cellular demands. c. positive feedback. d. negative feedback. e. the quantity of circulating hormone.

negative feedback

When a protein or peptide hormone binds to receptors on the surface of a cell, a. the hormone is transported to the nucleus, where it alters the activity of the DNA. b. a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm. c. the hormone receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm. d. the plasma membrane becomes depolarized. e. the cell becomes inactive.

a second messenger appears in the cytoplasm

Which of the following is released by the posterior pituitary? a. growth hormone (GH) b. melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) c. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) d. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) e. antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Which of the following hormones is/are produced by both the testes and the ovaries? a. testosterone b. inhibin c. androgens d. estrogens e. progestins

inhibin

Hormone-producing cells of the testes produce a. testosterone. b. leptin. c. estrogen. d. progesterone. e. renin.

testosterone

Increased levels of the hormone ________ will lead to decreased levels of calcium ions in the blood. a. parathyroid hormone b. thymosin c. calcitonin d. cortisol e. aldosterone

calcitonin

Cells of the adrenal cortex produce a. ADH. b. parathyroid hormone. c. epinephrine. d. insulin. e. corticosteroids.

corticosteroids

When blood glucose levels fall, a. fat cells increase their rates of triglyceride synthesis. b. protein synthesis decreases. c. insulin is released. d. glucagon is released. e. peripheral cells take up less glucose

glucagon is released

The posterior pituitary gland secretes a. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). b. oxytocin (OT). c. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). d. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). e. melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)

oxytocin (OT)

Melatonin is the hormone produced by the ________. a. posterior pituitary b. thymus c. thyroid d. anterior pituitary e. pineal gland

pineal gland

Excessive urine production, which is a characteristic symptom of all forms of diabetes, is known as a. polyphagia. b. polymyositis. c. polyuria. d. diabetes mellitus. e. polydipsia

polyuria

The endocrine system a. is not involved in homeostasis. b. relies on the release of chemicals that bind to target cells. c. is regulated mainly by positive feedback. d. releases neurotransmitters into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body. e. produces effects that last for seconds or minutes.

relies on the release of chemicals that bind to target cells

Peripheral structures sensitive to the presence of hormones are called ________. a. G-proteins b. second messengers c. target cells d. first messengers e. exocrine cells

target cells

Hormones from which of the following glands are responsible for the calorigenic effect? a. parathyroid gland b. pituitary gland c. thyroid gland d. thymus e. suprarenal gland

thyroid gland

Hormones produced by the ________ are derived from molecules to which iodine atoms have been attached. a. pancreas b. thymus c. thyroid gland d. parathyroid glands e. adrenal glands

thyroid gland