Endocrine system test

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The gland that produces thymosin is indicated by ___

A

The producer of hormones released by the posterior pituitary is indicated by___

A

the gland that hangs from the hypothalamus is indicated by

A

Which of the following is NOT an effect of testosterone?

A) maintenance of pregnancy

The hypothalamus makes two hormones, ________ and ________, that are stored by the posterior pituitary

A) oxytocin; antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

The hormone responsible for the maturation of white blood cells known as T lymphocytes is ________.

A) thymosin

Epinephrine

B

Norepinephrine

B

The gland that produces insulin and glucagon is indicated by___

B

Water-soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using ________

B the second-messenger system

Insulin is produced by cells of the pancreatic islets called ________.

B) beta cells

40) Estrogens do all of the following EXCEPT ________.

B) stimulate growth of facial hair

The gland that is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism is indicated by

C

The thymus is indicated by

C

Which hormone works against glucagon?

C) insulin

Which one of the following is NOT a sign of diabetes mellitus?

C) moon face

Tetany resulting from uncontrolled muscle spasms may indicate a malfunction of the ________.

C) parathyroid glands

Sex hormones produced by the ovaries and testes ________

C) promote the formation of sex cells

Thyroid hormone targets all cells of the body

TRUE

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

D

Raises blood calcium levels

D

Mr. Lee says he felt scared to death when his neighbor's dog bit him. Which of the following did he NOT experience as a result of catecholamine release?

D) decreased blood pressure

Mineralocorticoids regulate the concentration of ________ and ________ ions in our blood. A) iron; magnesium

D) sodium; potassium

The target organ of thyrotropic hormone (TH), or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is the ________ gland

D) thyroid

Which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose levels?

D) insulin

The pancreas is indicated by__

A

Thyroxine

A

alcohol suppresses the production of this hormone, ________, which normally promotes water retention and prevents dehydration

A) antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A hormone produced by the heart, known as ________, prevents the release of aldosterone in order to reduce blood volume and blood pressure.

A) atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Which hormones regulate the female's menstrual cycle?

A) estrogens and progesterone

The most common stimulus for prodding endocrine glands into action is ________.

A) hormonal

Which hormone is produced by the placenta that stimulates the ovaries to continue producing estrogen and progesterone?

A) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

The glands situated around the thyroid gland that operate entirely under humoral control are represented by ________

C

The "fight-or-flight" response triggers the release of ________

D) epinephrine

The endocrine gland most closely associated with the hypothalamus is the ________

D) pituitary gland

Calcitonin

A

Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine

A

Antidiuretic hormone

C

Oxytocin

C

Glucagon

E

Insulin

E

Stimulates contraction of the uterus and milk ejection (the let-down reflex)

E

The gland that produces melatonin is indicated by___

E

The pineal gland is indicated by__

E

Which of these hormones is released by the adrenal medulla?

E) epinephrine

Aldosterone

F

Cortisone

F

Glucocorticoids

F

Aldosterone raises blood glucose levels through the breakdown of fats and proteins

FALSE

All hormones can arouse and bring about changes in all cells of the human body

FALSE

Antidiuretic hormone promotes sodium and water retention.

FALSE

Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) are produced by the parathyroid glands

FALSE

Diabetes insipidus is caused by hyposecretion of insulin

FALSE

Growth hormone controls the rate at which glucose is oxidized and converted to body heat and chemical energy (ATP).

FALSE

Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are made and released from the posterior pituitary

FALSE

Releasing and inhibiting hormones made by the hypothalamus control the release of hormones from the posterior pituitary

FALSE

The study of hormones and endocrine organs is known as immunology

FALSE

The thymus gland is located in the neck wrapped around the trachea

FALSE

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

H

Follicle-stimulating hormone

H

Growth hormone

H

Luteinizing hormone

H

Prolactin

H

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

H

The gland that produces catecholmines is indicated by___

C

The glands that act as antagonists to the thyroid gland are indicated by___

B

Cortisone and cortisol are types of ________ produced by the middle cortical layer of the adrenal gland.

B) glucocorticoids

Daniella has been diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which of the following does NOT match her signs or symptoms?

B) high blood pressure and edema

The hormone that appears to help regulate our sleep-awake cycles is ________.

B) melatonin

The pineal gland produces ________.

B) melatonin

Calcitonin is made by the ________ cells of the thyroid gland

B) parafollicular

Rising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to ________.

B) reabsorb sodium

The enzyme produced by the kidneys when blood pressure drops, stimulating a release of aldosterone, is called ________.

B) renin

Releasing and inhibiting hormones

C

The gland that is the major producer of female hormones is indicated by___

D

The gland that produces testosterone is indicated by___

D

Glucocorticoids do all of the following EXCEPT ________

E) regulate salt content of the blood

Testosterone can be categorized as a(n) ________ hormone.

E) steroid

Thymosin

G

Thyroxine is produced by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland.

TRUE

Adrenaline is also known as epinephrine

TRUE

Aldosterone release is prevented by atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a hormone released by the heart.

TRUE

Antidiuretic hormone inhibits urine production and promotes water reabsorption by the kidney.

TRUE

Both male and female sex hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex throughout life in relatively small amounts.

TRUE

Calcitonin is antagonistic to parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the regulation of blood calcium concentration.

TRUE

Glucocorticoids, glucagon, and epinephrine are hyperglycemic hormones

TRUE

Hormones that are secreted in response to other hormones are prodded by hormonal stimuli.

TRUE

Hypersecretion of the sex hormones may lead to masculinization in both men and women

TRUE

Melatonin production peaks during the night to help regulate the body's day-night cycle.

TRUE

Mineralocorticoids help regulate both water and electrolyte balance in body fluids

TRUE

Most hormones are regulated by negative feedback mechanisms

TRUE

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is the most important regulator of blood calcium concentration

TRUE

The adrenal cortex makes corticosteroids.

TRUE

The adrenal glands are similar to the pituitary gland in that they have both glandular and neural tissue

TRUE

The glucocorticoids help the body handle long-term stress primarily by increasing blood glucose levels

TRUE

The hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary are made by the hypothalamus

TRUE

The ovaries release estrogen and progesterone in response to gonadotropic hormones from the pituitary gland

TRUE

The placenta is a temporary organ formed in the uterus of pregnant women

TRUE

The target tissue of prolactin is the female breast.

TRUE

Thyroid hormone is actually two iodine-containing hormones called T3 and T4

TRUE


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