Endogenous and exogenous place factors

Diasporas

A scattered population whose origin lies in a separate geographic locale

Migration

A shifting flow of PEOPLE. Exogenous place factor. e.g. movement of people from 8 countries in Eastern Europe (Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia) to UK after 2004.

Function

The reason for a place existing, such as a transport hub, seat of government, an industry like textiles etc.

Exogenous factors

The relationship of one place with other places and the external factors which affect this

Infrastructure

The services considered essential to allow and enhance the living conditions of people who live in a place such as communications, transport and services like water pipes and electricity. Exogenous place factor.

Economic changes

The shifting flows of money and investment. Exogenous place factor. New International Division of Labour has transferred a lot of manufacturing production Eastwards to Asia.

Agents of change

Any group of people, who work to impact a place through working there, living or trying to improve the place.

Historical site functions/factors

Bridging point, wet point site, dry-point site, agriculture, communications, defensive position, trading centres, natural resources

Examples of agents of change

Government, local councils, community groups, individuals, media, TNCs, corporate bodies

Examples of endogenous factors

Location, physical geography, land use, landscape (topography) and social and economic characteristics including population size and employment rates.

Redcar steel works

Place that has suffered from economic changes in recent decades

Endogenous factors

Refers to the characteristics of the place itself or factors which have originated internally.

Topography

The arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features of an area, an endogenous place factor

Examples of exogenous factors

characteristics shaped by shifting flows of people, resources, money and investment. For example, migration and government rules.