Energy in Cells

Chroloplast

in plant cells, organelle where photosynthesis occurs

Krebs cycle

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions

Hydrolsis

the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.

electron transport

uses electrons from the Krebs cycle to change ADP to ATP

Plastid

group of plant organelles that are used for storage of starches, lipids, or pigments

Chlorophyll

A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria

ATP

(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work

Photosynthesis

Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars

Mitochondria

Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production

ATP/ADP cycle

Process by which cells regenerate ATP. ADP forms when a phosphate group is removed from ATP, then ATP forms again as ADP gains a phosphate group.

Fermentation

Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen

cellular respiration

Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen