Energy in Cells
Chroloplast
in plant cells, organelle where photosynthesis occurs
Krebs cycle
second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions
Hydrolsis
the chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.
electron transport
uses electrons from the Krebs cycle to change ADP to ATP
Plastid
group of plant organelles that are used for storage of starches, lipids, or pigments
Chlorophyll
A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria
ATP
(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
Photosynthesis
Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
ATP/ADP cycle
Process by which cells regenerate ATP. ADP forms when a phosphate group is removed from ATP, then ATP forms again as ADP gains a phosphate group.
Fermentation
Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
cellular respiration
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen