English 3 Test A
21. Read this sentence from the draft. An important aspect of this plan is that all plant buyers, __________, will be required to pay the penalty. How should the sentence be completed?
A
22. Read this paragraph from the draft. As proud residents of one of the most naturaly stunning places in the world, we have an obligation to protect what is precious about New Mexico. Please add your support to my tax proposal and please spread the word that native, drought-tolerant plantings are the best way to beautify our properties. How should the spelling mistake in this paragraph be corrected?
A
27. Read the following sentences from the decision. The most avid supporters of the post-War Amendments undoubtedly intended them to remove all legal distinctions among "all persons born or naturalized in the United States." Their opponents, just as certainly, were antagonistic to both the letter and the spirit of the Amendments and wished them to have the most limited effect. What others in Congress and the state legislatures had in mind cannot be determined with any degree of certainty. The Supreme Court included these sentences in its decision to explain __________.
A
31. Read these lines from the play. Lear. Let it be so! thy truth then be thy dower! ... Let pride, which she calls plainness, marry her. What impact do these lines have on the meaning of the play?
A
9. How should the student revise Step 2 in order to maintain a consistent point of view throughout the draft?
A
Read the following decision and then answer questions 25 through 27. Supreme Court Decision (paraphrased excerpt) Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka Chief Justice Earl Warren (1954) These cases come to us from the States of Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, and Delaware. In each of the cases, minors of the Negro race seek admission to their community public schools on a nonsegregated basis. In each instance, they had been denied admission to white schools under laws requiring or permitting racial segregation. This segregation was alleged to deprive the plaintiffs of the equal protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Amendment. In each of the cases other than the Delaware case, a three-judge federal district court denied relief to the plaintiffs on the so-called "separate but equal" doctrine announced by this Court in Plessy v. Ferguson. Under that doctrine, equality of treatment is accorded when the races are provided substantially equal facilities, even though these facilities be separate. The plaintiffs contend that segregated public schools are not "equal" and cannot be made "equal," and that hence they are deprived of the equal protection of the laws. Reargument was largely devoted to the circumstances surrounding the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868. Although these sources cast some light, it is not enough to resolve the problem with which we are faced. The most avid supporters of the post-War Amendments undoubtedly intended them to remove all legal distinctions among "all persons born or naturalized in the United States." Their opponents, just as certainly, were antagonistic to both the letter and the spirit of the Amendments and wished them to have the most limited effect. What others in Congress and the state legislatures had in mind cannot be determined with any degree of certainty. An additional reason for the inconclusive nature of the Amendment's history with respect to segregated schools is the status of public education at that time. In the South, the movement toward free common schools had not yet taken hold. Education of white children was largely in the hands of private groups, while education of Negroes was almost nonexistent. In fact, any education of Negroes was forbidden by law in some states. Even in the North, the conditions of public education did not approximate those existing today. The curriculum was usually rudimentary; ungraded schools were common in rural areas; the school term was but three months a year in many states, and mandatory school attendance was virtually unknown. As a consequence, it is not surprising that there should be so little in the history of the Fourteenth Amendment relating to its intended effect on public education. There are findings that the Negro and white schools involved have been equalized, or are being equalized, with respect to buildings, curricula, qualifications and salaries of teachers, and other "tangible" factors. Our decision, therefore, cannot turn on merely a comparison of these tangible factors in the Negro and white schools involved in each of the cases. We must look instead to the effect of segregation itself on public education. Today, education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments, and one of the most important components of a democratic society. It is required in the performance of our most basic public responsibilities, even service in the armed forces. It is the very foundation of good citizenship. In these days, it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education. Such an opportunity is a right which must be made available to all on equal terms. 19 Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors may be equal, deprive the children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities? We believe that it does. 25. Read this excerpt from paragraph 4. An additional reason for the inconclusive nature of the Amendment's history with respect to segregated schools is the status of public education at that time. In the South, the movement toward free common schools had not yet taken hold. Education of white children was largely in the hands of private groups, while education of Negroes was almost nonexistent. How does this background information impact the Court's decision?
A
Read the following poem and then answer questions 1 through 4. The Wreck of the Hesperus (paraphrased excerpt) Henry Wadsworth Longfellow It was the schooner1 Hesperus, That sailed the wintery sea; And the skipper had taken his little daughter, To bear him company. 5 The skipper he stood beside the helm2, His pipe was in his mouth, And he watched how the veering flaw3 did blow The smoke now West, now South. Then up and spake an old Sailor, 10 Had sailed the Spanish Main, "I pray thee, put into yonder port, for I fear a hurricane." "Last night the moon had a golden ring, And to-night no moon we see!" 15 The skipper, he blew whiff from his pipe, And a scornful laugh laughed he. Colder and louder blew the wind, A gale from the Northeast, The snow fell hissing in the brine4, 20 And the billows frothed like yeast. Down came the storm, and smote amain The vessel in its strength; She shuddered and paused, like a frighted steed, Then leaped her cable's length. 25 "Come hither! come hither! my little daughter, And do not tremble so; For I can weather the roughest gale That ever wind did blow." He wrapped her warm in his seaman's coat 30 Against the stinging blast; He cut a rope from a broken spar, And bound her to the mast. "O father! I hear the church-bells ring, O say, what may it be?" 35 "'Tis a fog-bell on a rock-bound coast!"— And he steered for the open sea. "O father! I hear the sound of guns, O say, what may it be?" "Some ship in distress, that cannot live 40 In such an angry sea!" 1. What does the poet mean by "And the billows frothed like yeast"?
A
Read the following speech and then answer questions 10 through 13. 1963 Civil Rights Address President John F. Kennedy (paraphrased excerpt) This Nation was founded by men of many nations and backgrounds on the principle that all men are created equal, and that the rights of every man are diminished when the rights of one man are threatened. Today, we are committed to a worldwide struggle to promote and protect the rights of all who wish to be free. When Americans are sent to Vietnam or West Berlin, we do not ask for whites only. It ought to be possible, therefore, for American students of any color to attend any public institution they select, to receive equal service in places of public accommodation, and to register and to vote in a free election without interference or fear. It ought to be possible for every American to enjoy the privileges of being American without regard to race or color, but this is not the case. Difficulties over segregation and discrimination exist in every State of the Union, producing in many cities a rising tide of discontent that threatens the public safety. This is not a partisan issue. In a time of domestic crisis, men of good will should be able to unite regardless of party or politics. This is not even a legal or legislative issue alone. It is better to settle these matters in the courts than on the streets, but law alone cannot make men see right. We are confronted primarily with a moral issue; it is as old as the Scriptures and is as clear as the American Constitution. The heart of the question is whether all Americans are to be afforded equal rights and equal opportunities, whether we are going to treat our fellow Americans as we want to be treated. If an American, because his skin is dark, cannot eat lunch in a restaurant open to the public, if he cannot send his children to the best public school available, if he cannot vote for the public officials who will represent him, if, in short, he cannot enjoy the full and free life which all of us want, then who among us would be content to have the color of his skin changed and stand in his place? Who among us would then be content with the counsels of patience and delay? One hundred years of delay have passed since the Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves, yet their heirs, their grandsons, are not fully free. They are not yet freed from the bonds of injustice. They are not yet freed from social and economic oppression. And this Nation, for all its hopes and all its boasts, will not be fully free until all its citizens are free. We preach freedom around the world, and we mean it, and we cherish our freedom here at home, but are we to say to the world, and much more importantly, to each other that this is the land of the free except for the Negroes? This is one country because all of us and all the people who came here had an equal chance to develop their talents. We cannot say to ten percent of the population that you can't have that right; that your children cannot have the chance to develop whatever talents they have; that the only way that they are going to get their rights is to go in the street and demonstrate. We have a right to expect that the Negro community will be responsible and will uphold the law, but they have a right to expect that the law will be fair, and that the Constitution will be colorblind, as Justice Harlan said at the turn of the century. 10. Read this excerpt from the speech. "...the rights of every man are diminished when the rights of one man are threatened." Another way to say this is "__________."
A
Read the following student draft. Then answer questions 23 and 24. A Year at LeConte Lodge LeConte Lodge is a rustic retreat near the 6,593-foot summit of Mount LeConte in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Its guest cabins have no electricity or running water. The only way to reach the lodge is to hike one of the five trails: Bullhead, Alum Cave, Trillium Gap, Rainbow Falls, or the Boulevard. In March, a helicopter delivers pallets of nonperishable items to a nearby clearing. Boxes of canned goods and other heavy items are transported by hand to the storage building in the middle of camp. Management must determine exactly what will be needed for the upcoming season since the helicopter won't come again for another year. The ground is often still covered with snow when the first guests arrive for their overnight stay. Later, guests may have to contend with heavy rain, which is often accompanied by thunder and lightning in the late spring and summer months. During unstable weather conditions, only the most dedicated backpackers use their reservations at the lodge. As the climate becomes suitable for hiking, backpackers flock to the trails during fall to enjoy the breathtaking foliage. On sunny days, however, the lodge teems with life. Dozens of day hikers join overnight guests on Alum Cave Trail. Once at the top, trekkers relax in comfortable rocking chairs and gaze at the valley below. On a clear autumn day, the view can extend more than fifteen miles. Three days a week, a team of llamas treks up the mountain via Trillium Gap Trail. These llamas carry clean sheets and towels for the guests and the lodge crew; they also carry fresh groceries. After only a short break, they __________ down the 6.6 mile-long trail with packs full of dirty laundry. About ten employees live at the lodge each year from early March through late November. They clean cabins, serve meals, sell souvenirs, and wash a lot of dishes. On the day before Thanksgiving, everyone heads down the mountain as the lodge closes its doors—everyone, that is, except for the winter caretaker, who will remain alone at the lodge until spring. 23. Read this paragraph from the draft. (1) The ground is often still covered with snow when the first guests arrive for their overnight stay. (2) Later, guests may have to contend with heavy rain, which is often accompanied by thunder and lightning in the late spring and summer months. (3) During unstable weather conditions, only the most dedicated backpackers use their reservations at the lodge. (4) As the climate becomes suitable for hiking, backpackers flock to the trails during fall to enjoy the breathtaking foliage. The writer is considering adding the sentence "Guests must be very careful on the icy trails" to this paragraph. The best place to insert this sentence is __________.
A
11. One way President Kennedy demonstrates the meaning of freedom is by __________.
B
13. President Kennedy reveals his belief that segregation and discrimination are hypocritical by __________.
B
15. Read this paragraph from the speech. This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the 4th of July. It is the birthday of your National Independence, and of your political freedom. This, to you, is what the Passover was to the emancipated people of God. It carries your minds back to the day, and to the act of your great deliverance; and to the signs, and to the wonders, associated with that act, and that day.... In this paragraph, Douglass alludes to the Bible in order to__________.
B
19. Read this sentence from the draft. __________, however, I suggest that we hit them where it counts—in the pocketbook. Choose the phrase that best fits in the blank.
B
24. Read this sentence from the draft. After only a short break, they __________ down the 6.6 mile-long trail with packs full of dirty laundry. The author wants to illustrate how long and difficult the day of hiking is for the llamas. Choose the best word to achieve this goal.
B
30. In the excerpt, Lear's daughters speak to him in descending order based on their ages: first Goneril, then Regan, then Cordelia. How does this order contribute to the meaning of the scene?
B
4. Which of the following best states how the author develops two themes in the poem?
B
Read the following speech and then answer questions 14 through 17. What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July? (excerpt) Frederick Douglass July 5, 1852 Mr. President, Friends and Fellow Citizens: He who could address this audience without a quailing sensation, has stronger nerves than I have. I do not remember ever to have appeared as a speaker before any assembly more shrinkingly, nor with greater distrust of my ability, than I do this day. A feeling has crept over me, quite unfavorable to the exercise of my limited powers of speech. The task before me is one which requires much previous thought and study for its proper performance. I know that apologies of this sort are generally considered flat and unmeaning. I trust, however, that mine will not be so considered. Should I seem at ease, my appearance would much misrepresent me. The little experience I have had in addressing public meetings, in country schoolhouses, avails me nothing on the present occasion.... The fact is, ladies and gentlemen, the distance between this platform and the slave plantation, from which I escaped, is considerable—and the difficulties to be overcome in getting from the latter to the former, are by no means slight. That I am here to-day is, to me, a matter of astonishment as well as of gratitude. You will not, therefore, be surprised, if in what I have to say I evince no elaborate preparation, nor grace my speech with any high sounding exordium. With little experience and with less learning, I have been able to throw my thoughts hastily and imperfectly together; and trusting to your patient and generous indulgence, I will proceed to lay them before you. This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the 4th of July. It is the birthday of your National Independence, and of your political freedom. This, to you, is what the Passover was to the emancipated people of God. It carries your minds back to the day, and to the act of your great deliverance; and to the signs, and to the wonders, associated with that act, and that day.... The coming into being of a nation, in any circumstances, is an interesting event. But, besides general considerations, there were peculiar circumstances which make the advent of this republic an event of special attractiveness. The whole scene, as I look back to it, was simple, dignified and sublime. The population of the country, at the time, stood at the insignificant number of three millions. The country was poor in the munitions of war. The population was weak and scattered, and the country a wilderness unsubdued. There were then no means of concert and combination, such as exist now. Neither steam nor lightning had then been reduced to order and discipline. From the Potomac to the Delaware was a journey of many days. Under these, and innumerable other disadvantages, your fathers declared for liberty and independence and triumphed. Fellow Citizens, I am not wanting in respect for the fathers of this republic. The signers of the Declaration of Independence were brave men. They were great men too—great enough to give fame to a great age. It does not often happen to a nation to raise, at one time, such a number of truly great men. The point from which I am compelled to view them is not, certainly, the most favorable; and yet I cannot contemplate their great deeds with less than admiration. They were statesmen, patriots and heroes, and for the good they did, and the principles they contended for, I will unite with you to honor their memory. 11 They loved their country better than their own private interests; and, though this is not the highest form of human excellence, all will concede that it is a rare virtue, and that when it is exhibited, it ought to command respect. He who will, intelligently, lay down his life for his country, is a man whom it is not in human nature to despise. Your fathers staked their lives, their fortunes, and their sacred honor, on the cause of their country. In their admiration of liberty, they lost sight of all other interests. They were peace men; but they preferred revolution to peaceful submission to bondage. They were quiet men; but they did not shrink from agitating against oppression. They showed forbearance; but that they knew its limits. They believed in order; but not in the order of tyranny. With them, nothing was "settled" that was not right. With them, justice, liberty and humanity were "final;" not slavery and oppression. You may well cherish the memory of such men. They were great in their day and generation. Their solid manhood stands out the more as we contrast it with these degenerate times. ... Fellow-citizens; above your national, tumultuous joy, I hear the mournful wail of millions! whose chains, heavy and grievous yesterday, are, to-day, rendered more intolerable by the jubilee shouts that reach them. If I do forget, if I do not faithfully remember those bleeding children of sorrow this day, "may my right hand forget her cunning, and may my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth!" To forget them, to pass lightly over their wrongs, and to chime in with the popular theme, would be treason most scandalous and shocking, and would make me a reproach before God and the world. My subject, then fellow-citizens, is AMERICAN SLAVERY. I shall see, this day, and its popular characteristics, from the slave's point of view. Standing, there, identified with the American bondman, making his wrongs mine, I do not hesitate to declare, with all my soul, that the character and conduct of this nation never looked blacker to me than on this 4th of July!... What, to the American slave, is your 4th of July? I answer: a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. To him, your celebration is a sham; your boasted liberty, an unholy license; your national greatness, swelling vanity; your sounds of rejoicing are empty and heartless; your denunciations of tyrants, brass fronted impudence; your shouts of liberty and equality, hollow mockery; your prayers and hymns, your sermons and thanksgivings, with all your religious parade, and solemnity, are, to him, mere bombast, fraud, deception, impiety, and hypocrisy—a thin veil to cover up crimes which would disgrace a nation of savages.... 14. Read this sentence from the speech. The fact is, ladies and gentlemen, the distance between this platform and the slave plantation, from which I escaped, is considerable—and the difficulties to be overcome in getting from the latter to the former, are by no means slight. The phrase the distance between this platform and the slave plantation refers __________.
B
Read the following story and then answer questions 5 through 7. A Train Ride Adapted from a novel by Edward Francisco The woman, her hair drawn back severely from her face, her face a pale cameo framed in raven tresses on those rare occasions when she wore neither plait nor braid, observed her reflection in the train's window, concluding there was nothing singularly distinctive about her appearance. From the cloth handbag on her lap, she withdrew a short pencil and a bundle. Anyone noticing would have seen that the bundle resembled a fascicle, one of the parts of a book published in separate sections. She began scribbling in the half light of the train's passenger car, and then paused to assess the result: I'm Nobody! Who are you? Are you-Nobody-too? Then there's a pair of us! Don't tell! They'd banish us- You know! Nibbling her lower lip, she struggled to complete another stanza. When nothing came to mind, she was forced to conclude the well was dry-at least momentarily. Studying the one stanza she had completed, she smiled to herself. The poem's style was as eccentric as its content. Her habit of capitalizing and punctuating to suit her tastes resulted in effects described by her friend and brother's wife, Susan, as "odd," even "annoying." No matter. Such impromptu verses never would find their way into print or be subject to public perusal. She could be assured of that. The would-be poet stuffed the pencil and newly scrawled lines back into the handbag. The rest would come to her. It always did. Besides, she had all the time in the world. As she had once joked with Susan, "The only gentleman caller I'm expecting is the one who'll accompany me to the grave." Susan had scolded her for her shy ways and arcane verses, "so private as to be indecipherable." Well, what of it? She enjoyed writing in code for a knowing few. It was exquisite pleasure to conceal and reveal simultaneously. A rich inner life offered enticements not found in the hurly-burly world of commerce, politics, and war, not one of which interested her in the slightest. Of course, one couldn't help being disturbed by these things. In the three months since the shelling of Fort Sumter by the Confederates, the nation had gone crazy, suffering from the deleterious effects of what one correspondent termed "war fever." Its symptoms included a passion for excess, a lust for adventure, and an inexplicable desire to shoot a person one had never before seen. Both sides had believed the war would be a ninety-day affair. Each side was confident of victory. Given what she'd seen thus far, the war would entail unimaginable slaughter, and victory would be Pyrrhic for either side. Even the train now carrying her to Knoxville had its own cars reserved for platoons of blue-suited troops, Federal regulars headed into the hostile territory of the South, even as she was. Fortunately, the part of the South into which she was traveling had as yet been spared much of the shelling, devastation, and carnage she'd witnessed from the train's window yesterday in Virginia. The reason was that eastern Tennessee, the mountainous area of the state where slavery had never gained a solid foothold, was decidedly pro-Union. One Knoxville newspaper editor had put it bluntly, declaring that the area's citizens refused to be "hewers of wood and carriers of water" for the cotton aristocrats of the Deep South. 5 Union occupation made the region relatively safe for visitors traveling from the North. At least, that's what her cousin Perez had written when begging her to visit. He assured her the rail line she'd be traveling on was safe. He should know. His father, a prominent industrialist who'd moved South to pursue his business interests, owned it. Perez was her favorite cousin going back to childhood in Amherst when they'd whiled away many a summer afternoon playing games on the lawn, getting drunk on laughter, making all of nature-all the world-their pearl beyond price. Perez loved her. He'd said as much in his letters. But what she also knew was that Perez was most in love with the idea of love. It wasn't that his solicitations weren't genuine. They just weren't dependable. He was one of those rare souls who didn't mind being a fool where love was concerned. She admired him for that. She simply didn't want to muddy the waters, toying with his affections, misleading him. It's why she'd postponed her visit until a time when, as he'd put it, "no time remains. Who knows how long this war will last or what tragedies we'll be forced to endure?" It was sufficient appeal to change her mind about coming. Besides, she had another motive for making the trip-one she could not reveal until seeing him face to face. Startled from her reverie, the woman felt the lurch of the train's wheels slowing into the station. The setting sun blazed in a moment of final, furious surrender. Like a frigate dipping over the horizon, it promised to leave marooned mankind behind. Despite the oppressive heat, she pulled the tippet and accompanying bonnet close. A porter, strolling the center aisle from car to car, shouted their destination. When the door opened, she was first to exit the train. A young soldier's face greeted her with a constellation of bright freckles. He helped her descend onto the platform, giving her a hand down. "May I see your papers, ma'am?" She handed him the required travel documents. "Name?" he asked before inspecting them. "Dickinson," she replied. "Emily Dickinson." "Welcome to Knoxville, Miss Dickinson. I hope you enjoy your stay here. Just recall that Confederate spies and sympathizers are out in force. Dangers are afoot everywhere." "Thank you," she replied in a shy whisper, recalling, too, that she was the sort of woman who rarely called attention to herself, preferring shadows to the stark glare of center stage. 5. Read the sentences from the story. Her habit of capitalizing and punctuating to suit her tastes resulted in effects described by her friend and brother's wife, Susan, as "odd," even "annoying." No matter. Such impromptu verses never would find their way into print or be subject to public perusal. She could be assured of that. The word impromptu suggests which connotation?
B
17. The author's main purpose in this speech is to __________.
C
20. Read this sentence from the draft. Planting thirsty species is not only foolish and wasteful but also downright criminal when we take into account the possible ramifications. Which sentence uses the word ramifications correctly?
C
29. Read these lines from the play. Regan. Sir, I am made Of the selfsame metal that my sister is, And prize me at her worth. In my true heart I find she names my very deed of love; Only she comes too short, that I profess Myself an enemy to all other joys Which the most precious square of sense possesses, And find I am alone felicitate In your dear Highness' love. What does felicitate in mean as it is used in the lines above?
C
3. Read these lines from the poem. "I pray thee, put into yonder port, for I fear a hurricane." "Last night the moon had a golden ring, And to-night no moon we see!" Why did the poet include the lines spoken by the old sailor?
C
7. How does the author structure the story in order to provide an element of surprise?
C
Read the following student draft. Then answer questions 18 through 22. Planting the Seeds for a Healthy Future New Mexico, as you all well know, is a gorgeous part of the country. Sunrises and sunsets here are glorious, and the rock formations and flora of the area are beyond compare. We enjoy a wild, natural beauty and a rich history. However, the climate of our area dictates that certain plants will not thrive without causing stress to our resources; additionally, native species are crucial to a healthy ecosystem. One incontrovertible aspect of our landscape is its dryness. Annual precipitation in New Mexico ranges from a low of just seven inches to a peak of twenty inches in the Rocky Mountains; statewide, the average annual precipitation is about fourteen inches1. Compare this to Atlanta, Georgia, which typically receives around fifty inches per year2. According to the National Weather Service's Climate Prediction Center, while the northernmost states and those in the eastern half of the United States have no drought in store, more than half of New Mexico will likely have drought conditions that will remain the same or worsen between June 20 and September 30 of this year3. The National Weather Service also reports that, as of June 24, "Reservoir storage is well below normal at all lakes across the state4." Wildlife, both plant and animal, is abundant in the Land of Enchantment, but, for obvious reasons, we cannot support the same plants that grow in other parts of the country. However, whether from vanity or ignorance or a disastrous combination of the two, more and more New Mexicans are choosing to throw reason out the window when it comes to their landscaping. Instead of planting drought resistant native plants such as deergrass, juniper, sage, and agave, foolhardy residents are selecting species such as azaleas, magnolias, crape myrtles, and even weeping willows. These non-native plants, while lovely, are water hogs. They do not belong here for several reasons: they are not as useful for New Mexican animals and insects to use as food and habitats, they look out of place in our landscape, and they require far too much water. Although some times of drought are unavoidable in our state, we must recognize that our ecosystem is delicate. According to HowStuffWorks5, "When too many people try to plant crops, graze cattle and harvest firewood in a fragile dryland ecosystem, they tip the balance of sustainability." The risk of overstressing our land is high: our semiarid land could be plunged into another episode of desertification, similar to the Dust Bowl that decimated the Great Plains, including a large part of New Mexico, in the first part of the twentieth century. Planting thirsty species is not only foolish and wasteful but also downright criminal when we take into account the possible ramifications. __________, however, I suggest that we hit them where it counts—in the pocketbook. I propose that we levy a 20 percent tax on all plants that are both non-native and not drought-resistant. This tax would apply only to new purchases so that plants already in the ground would be exempt. An important aspect of this plan is that all plant buyers, __________, will be required to pay the penalty. Proceeds from the tax would go to the New Mexico State Parks to fund their conservation and preservation projects. As proud residents of one of the most naturaly stunning places in the world, we have an obligation to protect what is precious about New Mexico. Please add your support to my tax proposal and please spread the word that native, drought-tolerant plantings are the best way to beautify our properties. 18. Which of the following statements would not strengthen the writer's argument?
C
Read the following student draft. Then answer questions 8 and 9. How to Hang a Porch Swing 1. Decide where you want to hang the swing. Make sure the ceiling joist will support the weight of the swing. 2. One should measure the distance from one arm of the swing to the other arm. Then the installer should use a pencil to mark two dots at this same distance on the ceiling joist. These two dots on the joist are where one will install the eye bolts to support the swing. 3. To install the eye bolts, you should drill a starter hole in the joist at each dot. Screw the eye bolts into these holes so that the eye hangs down toward the ground. Tighten them securely. 4. Hang the swing by attaching one link of the chain to the bottom end of the S hook. You will need to do this for both sides of the swing. 5. Make sure the swing is level and that it hangs at least 18 inches off the ground. 8. The student forgot to add this step to the instructions. Hang an S hook through each eye bolt attached to the joist. Measure the length from the S hook to the floor of the porch. Measure the chain that comes with the porch swing and cut it so that the swing will hang at least 18 inches off the ground. Where should this step be placed?
C
12. One way President Kennedy makes the point that freedom for every citizen is beneficial to all citizens is by __________.
D
16. Read this excerpt from the speech. Fellow-citizens; above your national, tumultuous joy, I hear the mournful wail of millions! whose chains, heavy and grievous yesterday, are, to-day, rendered more intolerable by the jubilee shouts that reach them. To what purpose does Douglass use this excerpt?
D
2. Read these lines from the poem. Then up and spake an old Sailor, Had sailed the Spanish Main, What do these lines indicate about the old sailor?
D
26. How did the Court apply the Fourteenth Amendment to this particular case?
D
32. Determine two themes of the excerpt and explain how they interact and build on one another.
D
6. The dialogue between the soldier and Emily supports the idea that __________.
D
Read the following scene from a play and then answer questions 28 through 32. The Tragedy of King Lear (excerpt) William Shakespeare ACT I. Scene I. Dramatis Personae Lear, King of Britain King of France Duke of Burgundy Duke of Cornwall Duke of Albany Earl of Kent Goneril, daughter to Lear Regan, daughter to Lear Cordelia, daughter to Lear [King Lear's Palace] Lear. Meantime we shall express our darker purpose. Give me the map there. Know we have divided In three our kingdom; and 'tis our fast intent To shake all cares and business from our age, Conferring them on younger strengths while we Unburthen'd crawl toward death. Our son of Cornwall, And you, our no less loving son of Albany, We have this hour a constant will to publish Our daughters' several dowers, that future strife May be prevented now. The princes, France and Burgundy, Great rivals in our youngest daughter's love, Long in our court have made their amorous sojourn, And here are to be answer'd. Tell me, my daughters (Since now we will divest us both of rule, Interest of territory, cares of state), Which of you shall we say doth love us most? That we our largest bounty may extend Where nature doth with merit challenge. Goneril, Our eldest-born, speak first. Goneril. Sir, I love you more than words can wield the matter; Dearer than eyesight, space, and liberty; Beyond what can be valued, rich or rare; No less than life, with grace, health, beauty, honour; As much as child e'er lov'd, or father found; A love that makes breath poor, and speech unable. Beyond all manner of so much I love you. 21 Cordelia. [aside] What shall Cordelia speak? Love, and be silent. Lear. Of all these bounds, even from this line to this, With shadowy forests and with champains rich'd, With plenteous rivers and wide-skirted meads, We make thee lady. To thine and Albany's issue Be this perpetual.— What says our second daughter, Our dearest Regan, wife to Cornwall? Speak. Regan. Sir, I am made Of the selfsame metal that my sister is, And prize me at her worth. In my true heart I find she names my very deed of love; Only she comes too short, that I profess Myself an enemy to all other joys Which the most precious square of sense possesses, And find I am alone felicitate In your dear Highness' love. Cordelia. [aside] Then poor Cordelia! And yet not so; since I am sure my love's More richer than my tongue. Lear. To thee and thine hereditary ever Remain this ample third of our fair kingdom, No less in space, validity, and pleasure Than that conferr'd on Goneril.— Now, our joy, Although the last, not least; to whose young love The vines of France and milk of Burgundy Strive to be interest; what can you say to draw A third more opulent than your sisters? Speak. Cordelia. Nothing, my lord. Lear. Nothing? Cordelia. Nothing. Lear. Nothing can come of nothing. Speak again. Cordelia. Unhappy that I am, I cannot heave My heart into my mouth. I love your Majesty According to my bond; no more nor less. Lear. How, how, Cordelia? Mend your speech a little, Lest it may mar your fortunes. 22 Cordelia. Good my lord, You have begot me, bred me, lov'd me; Return those duties back as are right fit, Obey you, love you, and most honour you. Why have my sisters husbands, if they say They love you all? Haply, when I shall wed, That lord whose hand must take my plight shall carry Half my love with him, half my care and duty. Sure I shall never marry like my sisters, To love my father all. Lear. But goes thy heart with this? Cordelia. Ay, good my lord. Lear. So young, and so untender? Cordelia. So young, my lord, and true. Lear. Let it be so! thy truth then be thy dower! For, by the sacred radiance of the sun, The mysteries of Hecate and the night; By all the operation of the orbs From whom we do exist and cease to be; Here I disclaim all my paternal care, Propinquity and property of blood, And as a stranger to my heart and me Hold thee from this for ever. The barbarous Scythian, Or he that makes his generation messes To gorge his appetite, shall to my bosom Be as well neighbour'd, pitied, and reliev'd, As thou my sometime daughter. Kent. Good my liege— Lear. Peace, Kent! Come not between the dragon and his wrath. I lov'd her most, and thought to set my rest On her kind nursery.— Hence and avoid my sight!— So be my grave my peace as here I give Her father's heart from her! Call France! Who stirs? Call Burgundy! Cornwall and Albany, With my two daughters' dowers digest this third; Let pride, which she calls plainness, marry her. 28. Read these lines from the play. Lear. The princes, France and Burgundy, Great rivals in our youngest daughter's love, Long in our court have made their amorous sojourn, And here are to be answer'd. Which of the following is the best restatement of the lines in standard English?
D
