English Test 1
Reasons for Standard English
1. Effective communication 2. Others' perceptions 3. To keep language from changing (too much)
Middle English
1100-1500 Chaucer
Early Modern
1500-1800
Late Modern
1800-present
Old English
450-1100 Battle of Hastings
active reading strategies
APMDQS
A
Activate prior knowledge
Formal English
Appropriate in any situation that is serious, dignified, or ceremonial (may use long or less common words. may use long, carefully constructed sentences.)
Informal English
Appropriate in everyday situations; conversational, yet STANDARD
Colloquial English
Conversational, but may not observe the rules of Standard American English. (Both formal and informal English use correct grammar- differ in voc. and tone
D
Determine purpose or significance
Denotation
Dictionary definition of a word
Explicit
Directly stated
Non-standard English
Does not follow rules and guidelines for proper usage
Euphemism
Expressions that are less harsh- a "nice" way of saying something
Standard English
Follows rules and guidelines for proper usage
nominative case pronouns
I, you, he, she, it, we, they
Slang
Informal, nonstandard language (usually of a particular group of people)
M
Monitor (attention and understanding)
Dialect
Nonstandard language used by people of a particular region. Includes vocabulary, pronunciation, accent, spelling, and stress
Implicit
Not directly stated
Idiom
Phrase that is not meant to be taken literally
P
Predict
Q
Question
Backdrop
Setting doesn't need to be setting
Integral
Setting has to be setting for the story to be told properly
Cliche
Something that has been overused- it is trite, therefore it has lost its impact
Jargon
Specialized vocabulary, only people familiar with a particular occupation or activity are expected to know
S
Summarize in your own words
Connotation
The emotions and other associations that come to mind when one hears/ or sees a word
objective case pronouns
me, you, him, her, them, us, it
possessive case pronouns
mine, yours, his, her, ours, theirs, its
