Ensk Málsaga -- Lokapróf

Some dialects of American English are non-rhotic.

True

The form ain't is NOT a contracted form of one of the following: have not am not had not has not are not

had not

The strong version of Linguistic Relativity, a.k.a. linguistic determinism, is not generally accepted by academics today.

True

The number of auxiliaries has increased since the Early Modern English period. The bare form of the perfective auxiliary is _____.

have

"This matter is between my wife and I," the President said. What is going on in this sentence:

hypercorrection

What happens to the third person singular verbal inflectional ending -th in Early Modern English.

it changes to -s

What special use did the word whether have in earlier forms of English that it no longer has today?

it could be used to begin yes/no questions

For the Modern English period, there are:

more external changes and fewer internal changes

Choose ALL the properties of the Home Englishes:

- acquired as a first language - has phonetic elaboration - experiencing increased illiteracy - is developing, subject to change

Choose ALL the properties of International English:

- has spelling pronunciation - has phonetic simplification - acquired as a second language - is stable, resists change

How languages change is mostly a theoretical issue.

False

When a new word is coined, that word is referred to as a _________.

neologism

One of the following English loanwords is NOT borrowed from German:

pajamas

One of the following words shows US spelling:

pajamas

Preposition stranding is common in Early Modern English as in the sentence: Who did you talk about? The preposition can be moved along with its object as in: About who(m) did you talk? Linguists call this movement of the preposition:

pied piping

One of the following words is an example of jargon rather than slang: zoo plane drugsville postmodern neverendum phoney

postmodern

One of the following statements about Early Modern English morphology is false:

prepositions are inflected

In terms of its origins, first is both an adjective and an adverb. However, there is a tendency to use firstly as an adverb, thus creating a distinction as with second and secondly. The change from first to firstly involves:

regularization

Verb sets such as bite - bit - bitten tend to become bite - bit - bit. This process involves:

regularization of the past participle

Which of these borrowings in English is NOT adopted from Yiddish? chutzpah dreck spook borscht belt schlep

spook

Verb sets such as abide - abode - abode have a tendency to become abide - abided - abided. In this process

strong verbs become weak

The archaic form of "you" in the accusative case as in the sentence "He saw you" is ________.

thee

The archaic form of "you" in the singular nominal case as in the sentence "You can leave" is ________.

thou

The archaic form of "you" in the genitive case as in the sentence "He saw your dog" is ________.

thy

In Modern English with SVO word order, subjects are obligatory, except in the phenomenon typically seen in e-mail and letters in which, generally, a first person pronoun is left out. Would like to see you soon This is known as:

topic-drop

Countries with virtually no history of English colonization are known as the

Expanding Circle

In Kachru's model of English, Iceland would be part of the:

Expanding Circle

The Great Vowel Shift is nearly completed by the beginning of the Early Modern English Period.

False

The subjunctive case is still frequently used in Modern English

False

There are more English native speakers than there are English second language speakers.

False

One of the following is NOT an Early Modern English text: The Tempest An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Dorothy Osborne's letters Gawain and the Green Knight The Vanity of Dogmatizing

Gawain and the Green Knight

One of the following is NOT an Early Modern English author: John Dryden Geoffrey Chaucer Thomas Kyd William Shakespeare John Donne

Geoffrey Chaucer

In the academic essay, "English as a Dead Language", the English language is compared with what language?

Latin

Plato's problem is:

How come children acquire their language(s) so fast given that the input is so poor?

In Irish English sentences of the following kind can be heard: "I'm after reading the book." The standard English equivalent is:

I have read the book

Lack of inversion is typical of this kind of English:

Indian

The use of the progressive with verbs expressing a state is typical of this kind of English:

Indian

In Kachru's model of English, Canada would be part of the:

Inner Circle

This use of [r] occurs when words are pronounced with a final [r] even in isolation as in: "I think that is a good idear."

Intrusive R

One of the following statements about the acquisition of first language English is FALSE:

It is learned primarily through reading and writing

One of the following statements about the acquisition of second language English is FALSE:

It is mainly acquired by children

The pronunciation of steak, great, yea, Reagan, and Yeates is interesting for the following reason having to do with the Great Vowel Shift (GVS):

It retains an archaic pre-GVS pronunciation

The following words were borrowed into Early Modern English from this language: balcony, granite, grotto, volcano, allegro, concerto, opera, stanza:

Italian

The first English dictionary to provide examples was written by:

Johnson

In non-rhotic dialects, this use of [r] occurs when one word ends and the following one starts with a vowel, so that the [r] sound would be pronounced in the following words: four o'clock and forever

Linking R

The academic who is usually credited with the theory of Universal Grammar is:

Noam Chomsky

In Kachru's model of English, Singapore would be part of the:

Outer Circle

The academic essay, "English as a Dead Language" is written by:

Pétur Knútsson

One of the following acronyms is also a euphemism: ACLU FAQ OK WC LOL

WC

Pronoun doubling is typical of this kind of English:

West African

Subject drop is is typical of this kind of English:

Singapore

The following words were borrowed from native American languages into Early Modern English via this language: barbecue, canoe, cigar, cocoa, maize, potato, tobacco, tomato:

Spanish

The controversy that arose over the introduction of new words from Latin and other languages into English is called:

The Inkhorn Debate

Linguistic Relativity is a hypothesis which basically says that:

The language that we speak influences the way we think

One of these phenomena is NOT a typical feature of northern (Scottish) pronunciation: [f] in father [x] in night, loch [r] weakening in far [k] in kirk [u] in cow, house

[r] weakening in far

An alternative to the universal grammar theory of language acquistion is:

a usage based approach

In rare instances, a verb paradigm such as sneak, sneaked, sneaked becomes sneak, snuck,snuck. In this process:

a weak verb becomes strong

"Us Democrats are finally in power." What is going on in this sentence:

accusative used as subject

The number of auxiliaries has increased since the Early Modern English period. The bare form of the progressive auxiliary is _____.

be

One of the following words shows British spelling:

cheque

Which of these borrowings in English is adopted from Dutch?

cookie

One of the following statements about Early Modern English syntax is false:

embedded clauses disappear