Env. Hazards and Land Use

Teratogens ____.

cause birth defects

One advantage on materials recovery facilities (MRFs) is that ____.

combustible wastes can be burned to generate electricity

Which method is not used to detoxify hazardous and toxic wastes?

crushing and grinding

Which of the following is a non-transmissible disease?

diabetes

Which of the following is among the seven most deadly infectious diseases?

diarrheal diseases

Which of the following is considered a biological hazard?

disease-carrying pathogens

What term refers to the amount of a substance a person ingests, inhales, or absorbs through the skin?

dose

The most dangerous activity that individuals might do on a regular basis is to ____.

drive or ride in cars

A complex network of glands that release tiny amounts of hormones into the bloodstream of humans and other vertebrate animals is the ____.

endocrine system

Research going back three decades shows that ____ causes people to overestimate risks and to worry more about unusual risks than they do about common everyday risks.

fear

Dry cell batteries and household pesticides are classified as ____.

hazardous waste

Research indicates that the BPA in plastics can leach into water or food when the plastic is ____.

heated to high temperatures

E-waste can be recycled to extract ____.

high quality plastics

About one-third of the toxic metal, mercury (Hg), is released into the air from natural sources, such as rocks, soil, volcanoes, and the ocean. The remaining two-thirds comes from ____.

human activities

A more sustainable approach to hazardous waste management is least likely to involve ____.

implementing a cap and trade system

Wastes produced by mines, farms, and industry is called ____.

industrial solid waste

Which viral disease is the biggest killer?

influenza

One advantage of bioremediation over physical and chemical methods of cleaning up hazardous wastes is that ____.

it is cheaper

What is the most common method of storage of hazardous wastes used in most countries of the world?

land burial

Which one of the following is one of the top five toxic substances in terms of human and environmental health?

lead

The West Nile virus is transmitted to humans by ____.

mosquitoes

Waste that includes paper, food wastes, cans, bottles, yard waste, glass, wood, and similar items is called ____.

municipal solid waste

A global outbreak of an infectious disease is called a(n)

pandemic

What term refers to a substance's resistance to breakdown?

persistence

Which material takes the longest to break down?

plastic bottles

Consumers of recycled products are most effective when they maximize the amount of ____ waste in the products they buy.

post-consumer

In terms of number of premature deaths per year and reduced life span, what is by far the greatest risk?

poverty

The majority of recyclable wastes are ____.

pre-consumer, and generated by users of the product

Which activity is the least desirable from an environmental standpoint?

recycling

Reusing items over and over provides several advantages. What is not one of these?

reducing bacterial infections

What term that is given to the health damage that occurs from exposure to a chemical or other agent?

response

Taking a refillable coffee cup to the office and using it instead of throwaway cups is an example of ____.

reusing

Upcycling is an example of ____.

reusing

Much of the e-waste in the United States not buried or burned is ____.

shipped to Asia or Africa

The world's largest producer of municipal solid waste (MSW) is ____.

the United States

The Lyme disease bacterium is passed onto humans directly from ____.

ticks

What is the ability of a substance to cause injury, illness, or death to a living system?

toxicity

Sanitary landfills typically have problems with ____.

traffic, noise, and dust

Which of the following is a transmissible disease?

tuberculosis

How much of the American population is either overweight or obese?

two-thirds

One way to deal with the creation of solid wastes is to reduce the environmental impact without trying to reduce the amount of waste produced. This is called ____.

waste management

In determining how much risk an individual is willing to accept, for most people, a one in ____ chance of dying or suffering serious harm from exposure to an environmental hazard is a threshold for changing their behavior

100,000

The recycling and composting rate of U.S. municipal solid waste is about ____.

24%

People who smoke one to two packs of cigarettes daily have how much higher risk of getting Alzheimer's disease?

44%

About one in every ____ people infected with HIV is not aware of the infection.

5

Cigarette smoking is the world's most preventable major cause of premature death among adults, resulting in one death every ____ seconds.

6

What is a transmissible disease?

A disease that can be passed from one person to another

Polluting factories, hazardous waste dumps, incinerators, and landfills in the U.S. are located least in communities populated by ____.

Caucasians

Hayat Sindi is a scientist who co-founded a nonprofit marketing company called ____ to bring low-cost health monitoring to remote, poor areas of the world.

Diagnostics for All

Which strategy would be most likely to discourage reuse and recycling?

Encourage the shipping of hazardous waste to poor countries.

Since 1970, the occurrence of malaria has come roaring back in prevalence. Why?

Malaria-carrying species of mosquitos have become resistant to insecticides.

Which strategy would be least effective for industry and communities in their efforts to reduce resource use, waste, and pollution?

Redesign landfills.

Which statement is true?

Some chemicals, whether synthetic or natural, are safe and others are deadly.

____ are lined ponds, pits, or lagoons where liquid hazardous wastes are stored.

Surface impoundments

Garbologists have discovered that trash in landfills is slow to decompose. Why is this?

Trash is compacted so tightly that sunlight, water, and air are unable to reach it.

What is an advantage of deep-well disposal of liquid hazardous wastes?

Wastes can often be retrieved.

A person experiencing dizziness after using a strong household cleaner is illustrating ____.

an acute effect

We risk falling behind in our efforts to prevent infectious bacterial diseases with the use of antibiotics because of the ____.

astounding reproductive rates of bacteria

In an integrated waste management approach to solid waste, which action would be given last priority?

bury