Environmental Science Chapter 7 Test
Which is not an environmental function of wetland
Increasing runoff
What causes most coastal pollution in the United States?
Industrial waste and sewage
In the ______ zone, the water is cool and dark.
Benthic zone
Which of the following is not a characteristic of salt marshes and mangrove swamps
Both are dominated by marsh grasses
The majority of marine organisms are found in..
Deep ocean waters
What adaptation prevents phytoplankton from sinking into deep waters?
Flagella
In the _____ zone, life is diverse and abundant
Littoral zone
Which of the following statements is false?
Rivers generally move faster and their oxygen levels decrease as they near the ocean
Which ecosystem has the highest level of salinity?
Salt marsh
An estuary functions as a mineral trap due to
The mixing action of river water and ocean water
Coral reefs are intricately shaped rock like structures that are formed as the result of
The secretion of calcium carbonate (limestone) by tiny marine animals
The arrangement of organisms in the open ocean is determined by the...
amount of nutrients and sunlight that are available
Estuaries...
are ecosystems where both fresh water and salt water are present
What are the two main types of freshwater wetlands?
marshes and swamps
The types of organisms found in a pond or lake depend on
the amount of sunlight available, the temperature of the water, the presence of nutrients
Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs?
Oil spills, sewage, and pesticides.
What mainly distinguishes nekton from benthos?
One swims freely and the other often lives attached to a hard surface.
Which organism produces most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem
Phytoplankton
Why doesn't photosynthesis occur in deep ocean water?
There is no sunlight
Which of the following is not a characteristic of wetlands
Wetlands are limited to inland freshwater environments.
As they flow down a mountain to flatter ground, rivers generally become...
Wider, warmer, and slower
Swamps are commonly found on...
flat, poorly drained land
Most pollutants that enter estuaries break down over time, yet they are still considered a problem because
it is the volume of the pollutants, more than the time factor, that harms estuaries
Two threats to ocean ecosystems are
nutrient runoff and industrial waste discharges, overfishing and entanglement of marine mammals in trawl nets, sewage and algal blooms
Estuaries are very productive ecosystems because they receive fresh nutrients from...
rivers and oceans
