eskd/aki

The client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis. Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to find?

Costovertebral angle tenderness

A client has undergone diagnostic testing that involved the insertion of a lighted tube with a telescopic lens. The nurse identifies this test as which of the following? A. Renal angiography B. Intravenous pyelography C. Excretory urogram D. Cystoscopy

Cystoscopy

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute renal failure. The nurse notes on the intake and output record that the total urine output for the previous 24 hours was 35 mL. Urine output that's less than 50 ml in 24 hours is known as: A. oliguria. B. polyuria. C. anuria. D. hematuria

anuria

The nurse is preparing a client for a nuclear scan of the kidneys. Following the procedure, the nurse instructs the client to

drink liberal amounts of fluids.

When the bladder contains 400 to 500 mL of urine, this is referred to as

functional capacity.

Which part of the kidney contains the nephrons?

Cortex

The nurse is reviewing the results of a client's renal function study. The nurse understands that which value represent a normal BUN-to-creatinine ratio? A. 4:1 B. 6:1 C. 8:1 D. 10:1

10:1

Approximately what percentage of blood passing through the glomeruli is filtered into the nephron?

20

Approximately what percentage of blood passing through the glomeruli is filtered into the nephron? 10% 20% 30% 40%

20%

a nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about hemodialysis for clients who have chronic kidney disease. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. hemodialysis restores kidney function. B. Hemodialysis requires the placement of a catheter into the peritoneal space. C Hemodialysis allows an unrestricted diet D. Hemodialysis returns a balance to serum electrolytes.

A. hemodialysis restores kidney function.

Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb sodium? Antidiuretic hormone Aldosterone Growth hormone Prostaglandins

Aldosterone

Which hormone causes the kidneys to reabsorb sodium? a. Antidiuretic hormone B. Aldosterone C. Growth hormone D. Prostaglandins

Aldosterone

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a renal biopsy. The nurse would need to be alert for signs and symptoms of which of the following?

Bleeding

The nurse at the diabetes clinic is instructing a client who is struggling with compliance to the diabetic diet. When discussing disease progression, which manifestation of the disease process on the urinary system is most notable?

Clients have chronic renal failure.

An older client is experiencing an increasingly troublesome need to urinate several times through the night. The client's prostate is within normal limits, and the physician prescribes limiting fluid intake after the evening meal. What is another important intervention to keep the client safe? Increase fluid intake throughout the day. Decrease overall fluid intake. Decrease salt intake. Increase protein intake.

Increase fluid intake throughout the day.

A patient who complains of a dull, continuous pain in the suprapubic area that occurs with, and at the end of, voiding would most likely be diagnosed with which of the following?

Interstitial cystitis

The nurse reviews a client's history and notes that the client has a history of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse would identify that this client most likely would be at risk for which of the following?

Kidney stones

A patient is having an MAG3 renogram and is informed that radioactive material will be injected to determine kidney function. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do during the procedure? Lie still on the table for approximately 35 minutes. Drink contrast material at various intervals during the procedure. Turn from side to side to get a variety of views during the procedure. Take deep breaths and hold them at various times throughout the procedure.

Lie still on the table for approximately 35 minutes.

The client is admitted to the nursing unit for a biopsy of the urinary tract tissue. When planning nursing care for the postoperative period, which nursing intervention documents the prescribed activity level? A. Maintain the client on bedrest. B. Assist the client for bathroom privileges. C. Ambulate the client in the hall. D. Activity as tolerated.

Maintain the client on bedrest

A client is scheduled for a renal angiography. Which of the following would be appropriate before the test?

Monitor the client for an allergy to iodine contrast material.

A client in moderate pain is admitted for possible kidney stones. The client appears diaphoretic and has frequent periods of nausea and vomiting. The client reports sudden oliguria and initial portable bladder ultrasound shows 300 mL in the bladder after the client voided 50 mL. Which action should the nurse anticipate performing first for this client? A. Provide intravenous hydomorphone. B. Repeat the portable bladder ultrasound. C. Place a urinary cathether. D. Provide ondansetron intravenously.

Place a urinary cathether.

A client is concerned after noticing the color of their urine is dark brown. The nurse is aware that the client is prescribed senna, methyldopa, and acetaminophen. Which action is an appropriate response by the nurse? Explain to the client that dehydration is likely the culprit and encourage an increase in fluid intake as tolerated. Call the primary health care provider and request a urinalysis and a culture and sensitivity test. Reassure the client the urine color is related to the medication methylopa and no further action is needed at this time. Encourage the client to stop taking acetaminophen as the brown urine color is the first indication of liver toxicity.

Reassure the client the urine color is related to the medication methylopa and no further action is needed at this time.

A nurse is assessing a client who has experienced a rapid loss of renal function and is determined to be in the prerenal stage of acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply. A. reduced BUN level, Elevated cardiac enzymes, Reduced urine output. B. Elevated serum creatinine level, Elevated cardiac enzymes, Reduced urine output. C. increased sodium in urine, reduced BUN level, D. reduced urine output, elevated serum creatinine level.

Reduced urine output, elevated serum creatinine level.

A nurse is describing the renal system to a client with a kidney disorder. Which structure would the nurse identify as emptying into the ureters? A. Nephron B. Renal pelvis C. Parenchyma D. Glomerulus

Renal pelvis

The nurse is preparing the procedure room for a client who will undergo an intravenous pyelogram. Which item(s) should the nurse include? A. Suction equipment B. Antihypertensive agents C. Padded tongue blades D. Dressings and tape

Suction equipment

Which is an effect of aging on upper and lower urinary tract function? A. Increased glomerular filtration rate. B. Susceptibility to develop hypernatremia. C. Increased blood flow to the kidney D. Acid-base balance

Susceptibility to develop hypernatremia.

A client with a genitourinary problem is being examined in the emergency department. When palpating the client's kidneys, the nurse should keep in mind which anatomic fact? The left kidney usually is slightly higher than the right one. The kidneys are situated just above the adrenal glands. The average kidney is approximately 5 cm (2 in.) long and 2 to 3 cm (0.8 to 1.2 in.) wide. The kidneys lie between the 10th and 12th thoracic vertebrae.

The left kidney usually is slightly higher than the right one.

Which of the following is used to identify vesicoureteral reflux? Voiding cystourethrography IV urography Renal angiography Bladder ultrasonography

Voiding cystourethrography

The term used to describe total urine output less than 0.5 mL/kg/hour is

oliguria

The nurse is caring for a client who reports orange urine. The nurse suspects which factor as the cause of the urine discoloration?

phenazopyridine hydrochloride

A client is undergoing diagnostics due to a significant drop in renal output. The physician has scheduled an angiography. This test will reveal details about:

renal circulation.

A client is undergoing diagnostics due to a significant drop in renal output. The physician has scheduled an angiography. This test will reveal details about: renal circulation. kidney function. kidney structure. urine production.

renal circulation.

A 10-year-old client with ESRD (end stage renal disease) is receiving hemodialysis and experiencing chills. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention? A. provide blankets or extra clothing. B. Increase the temperature in the room. C. notify the physician. D. stop dialysis

stop dialysis

Which of the following is an inappropriate nursing diagnosis for the client following a voiding cystourethrography? Deficient knowledge: procedure Acute pain Risk for infection: urinary tract Urinary retention

Deficient knowledge: procedure

A client has a full bladder. Which sound would the nurse expect to hear on percussion? A. Tympany B. Dullness C. Resonance D. Flatness

Dullness

The nurse analyzes a urinalysis report. He is aware that the presence of this substance in the urine indicates a blood level that exceeds the kidney's reabsorption capacity. Select the substance. Sodium Bicarbonate Creatinine Glucose

Glucose