Evolve Peds Exam 3

To prevent burns from hot water in the home, the nurse should recommend that families set their water heater thermostat to

120*F/ 49*C

The nurse should recognize that when a child develops diabetic ketoacidosis, this is which of the following?

A life threatening condition

Which of the following is an advantage of continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for adolescents who require dialysis>

Adolescents can carry out procedures themselves

Which of the following best describes the cause of the most cases of acute glomerulonephritis?

Antecedent streptococcal infection

Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an early clinical sign of compensated shock in a child?

Apprehension

A stool specimen from a child with diarrhea shows the presence of neutrophils and RBCs. This is most suggestive of which of the following conditions?

Bacterial gastroenteritis

The nurse is explaining to a parent how to care for a child with vomiting associated with a viral illness. Which of the following should the nurse include?

Brush teeth or rinse mouth after vomiting

Which of the following is defined as the forces that favor filtration from the capillary?

Capillary hydrostatic pressure and interstitial oncotic pressure

The parent of a 10 year old child with diabetes asks the nurse why home blood glucose monitoring is being recommended. The nurse should base the explanation on which of the following?

Children have a great sense of control over the diabetes

Which of the following types of diarrhea is commonly seen in malabsorption syndromes because the intestine cannot absorb nutrients or electrolytes?

Chronic

A 2 month old breastfed infant is successfully rehydrated with oral rehydration solutions for acute diarrhea. Instructions to the mother about breastfeeding should include which of the following?

Continue breastfeeding

An adolescent girl is cooking on a gas stove when her bathrobe catches fire. Her father smothers the flames with a rug and calls an ambulance. She has sustained major burns over much of her body. Which of the following is also important in her immediate care?

Cool with a single application of tepid water

Therapeutic management of nephrotic syndrome includes which of the following?

Corticosteroids

Which of the following urine tests of renal function is used to estimate glomerular filtration?

Creatinine

In acute glomerulonephritis, the nurse is aware that an early warning sign of encephalopathy is which of the following?

Dizziness

Which of the following should the nurse include when discussing a child;s precocious puberty with the parents?

Dress and activities should be appropriate to chronologic age

Several types of long term central venous access devices are used. Which of the following is a benefit of using an implanted port?

Easy access for bloodwork

The school nurse is caring for a child with hemophilia who fell on his arm during recess. Which of the following supportive measures should the nurse do until factor replacement therapy can be instituted?

Elevate the arm above the level of the heart

Chelation therapy is begun on a child with alpha thalassemia major. The purpose of this therapy is to do which of the following?

Eliminate excess iron

Dialysis or transplantation becomes necessary for chronic renal failure when

GFR falls below 10-15% of normal

The school nurse is called to the cafeteria because a child "has eaten something he is allergic to". The child is in severe respiratory distress. The nurse should do which of the following first?

Have someone call for an ambulance or paramedic rescue squad

The nurse is explaining blood components to an 8 year old child. The nurse's best description of platelets is that they do which of the following?

Help your body stop bleeding by forming a clot(scab) over the hurt area

A 13 year old girl is brought to the clinic with the complaint of insomnia and hyperactivity. Other symptoms include gradual weight loss despite a good appetite, warm, flushed, and moist skin, and unusually fine hair. These manifestations are most suggestive of which of the following?

Hyperthyroidism

Rapid replacement of fluid is essential in the treatment of which of the following types of dehydration?

Hypotonic, isotonic

A young child is brought to the emergency department with severe dehydration secondary to acute diarrhea and vomiting. Therapeutic management of this child begins with

IV fluids

In which of the following conditions is the fluid requirement for children decreased?

Increased ICP

What type of dehydratin is defined as "dehydration that occurs in conditions in which electrolyte and water deficits are present in approximately balanced proportion"

Isotonic dehydration

Which of the following statements best describes Cushing syndrome

It is caused by excessive production of cortisol

Which of the following is a major complication of TPN in children?

Liver disease

Which of the following occurs in septic shock?

Massive vasodilation

Depression of the CNS, manifested by lethargy, delirium, stupor, and coma is observed in which of the following?

Metabolic and respiratory acidosis

When caring for a child with an IV infusion, the nurse should do which of the following?

Observe the insertion site frequently for signs of infiltration

Which of the following is the primary clinical manifestation of acute renal failure>

Oliguria

Therapeutic management of the child with acute diarrhea and dehydration usually begins with which of following?

Oral rehydration solution

Which of the following is the primary clinical manifestatoin of diabetes insipidus?

Polyuria, polydipsia

The nurse is caring for a child hospitalized with acute adrenocortical insufficiency. Because of the sudden, severe nature of the disease, the family needs a great deal of emotional support. The most appropriate nursing action is which of the following?

Prepare the family for each procedure

The clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome include which of the following?

Proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema

The school nurse is discussing prevention of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with some adolescents. Which of the following is appropriate to include?

Recreational drug users should not share needles or other equipment

The nurse is caring for a 12 year old boy who sustained major burns when he put charcoal lighter on a campfire. The nurser observes that he is "very brave" and appears to accept pain with little or no response. The most appropriate nursing action related to this is which of the following?

Request a psychologic consultation

Which of the following is the viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children?

Rotavirus

Which of the following factors predisposed the urinary tract to infection?

Short urethra in girls

Which of the following statements best describes hypopituitarism?

Skeletal proportions are normal for age

The nurse suspects a child is having an adverse reaction to a blood transfusion. The first action by the nurse should be which of the following?

Stop transfusion and maintain a patent IV line with normal saline and new tubing

The nurse is assessing an infant brought to the clinic with diarrhea. He is lethargic and has dry mucus membranes. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an early sign of dehydration?

Tachycardia

An important nursing consideration when caring for a child with sickle cell anemia is which of the following

Teach parents and child how to recognize the signs and symptoms of crises

Which of the following statements regarding burn injuries in children is correct?

The prognosis for a burned child is directly related to the amount of tissue destroyed

The parents of a child hospitalized with sickle cell anemia tell the nurse that they are concerned about narcotic analgesics causing addiction. The nurse should explain which of the following concerning narcotic analgesics?

When they are medically indicated, children rarely become addicted

A school age child recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse if he can still play soccer, baseball, and swim. The nurse's response should be based on the knowledge that

exercise is not restricted unless indicated by other health conditions

The parent of a child receiving an iron preparation tells the nurse that the child's stools are a tarry green color. The nurse should explain that this is a

normally expected change resulting from the iron preparation

Enteral feedings are ordered for a young child with burns covering 40% of total body surface area. The nurse should know that

presence of paralytic ileus does not preclude use of enteral feedings

A young child is diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux. The nurse should know that this usually results in

recurrent UTIs

When hemoglobin falls sufficiently to produce clinical manifestations, the signs and symptoms are caused by

tissue hypoxia