evrn 148 ch 6 human populations questions

What is the current best estimate of how large the global population will be around 2100? a. 7 billion people b. 5 billion people c. 15 billion people d. 11 billion people

11 billion people

what is the general global relation between total fertility rate, economic development, and poverty? a. a country's level of economic development is lowest and poverty lowest when the total fertility rate is high b. a country's level of economic development is highest and poverty lowest when the total fertility rate is low c. these factors are typically unrelated d. a country's level of economic development is highest and poverty lowest when the total fertility rate is high

a country's level of economic development is highest and poverty lowest when the total fertility rate is low

what is an ecological footprint? a. a measure of the water, food, and other resources consumed by an average person b. a measure of the land and water area of the plant required to support the consumption of a single person c. a measure of the size of an ecological preserve d. a measure of the amount of forest needed to support the lifestyle of an average person

a measure of the land and water area of the plant required to support the consumption of a single person

what type of age structure would you expect during stage 2 of the demographic transition, when there are high birth and low death rates? a. a "bulging' age structure with more middle-aged people than young people b. a balanced age structure, with equal numbers of young and middle-aged people c. a fluctuating age structure, with large numbers of middle-aged people alternating with large numbers of young people d. a pyramid-shaped age structure with more young people than middle-aged people

a pyramid-shaped age structure with more young people than middle-aged people

how many people are added to a population of 100,000 each year with a one percent growth rate? a. about 100 b. about 10,000 c. about 1,000 d. about 1

about 1,000

what are the two most populated continents of the world? a. africa and asia b. north and south america c. europe and asia d. asia and oceania

africa and asia

what two regions will have the most population growth in the next 100 years? a. asia and oceania b. africa and europe c. africa and asia d. europe and north america

africa and asia

what kind of technology could be used to reduce the environmental​ impacts associated with rising populations and levels of affluence? a. more efficient automative assembly lines b. air pollution-control equipment c. faster airplanes d. improved oil refineries

air pollution-control equipment

the role of technology in reducing or increasing the impacts of population is complicated. for example, ___ is an example of a technology that could benefit the environment, whereas ____ is an example of a technology that negatively impacts the environment a. new deep ocean oil extraction; wind energy capture technologies b. solar energy collectors; air pollution-control equipment c. faster cars; bigger airplanes d. air pollution-control equipment; more powerful car energies

air pollution-control equipment; more powerful car energies

If the human population is growing at a constant rate of 1.1% per year, how will the number of people added to the global population change each year in the future? a. at a constant growth rate, an increasingly larger number of people will be added to the population each year b. at a constant growth rate, the same number of people will be added to the population each year c. at a constant growth rate, an increasingly smaller number of people will be added to the population each year d. the number of people added to a population is independent of growth rate and depends completely on the population size

at a constant growth rate, an increasingly larger number of people will be added to the population each year

why does population increase so quickly as death rates fall? a. bc people have more children than they did before b. bc population is rising due to other demographic factors by the time that death rates fall c. bc birth rates typically remain high for some time after death rates begin to fall, causing the population to go through a period of rapid increase d. bc reduced death rates cause higher than usual childhood morality

bc birth rates typically remain high for some time after death rates begin to fall, causing the population to go through a period of rapid increase

Why did the global population start to grow so quickly in the 1700s? a. bc there was a large increase in the fertility rate at the start of the industrial revolution as people became more well off and therefore had more children b. bc birth control was outlawed c. bc improved sanitation and medicine associated with the technological advances of the industrial revolution increased human life expectancy d. bc fertilizers were invented and there was finally enough food to support the world population

bc improved sanitation and medicine associated with the technological advances of the industrial revolution increased human life expectancy

in the demographic transition model, why do changes in birth rates occur more slowly than changes in death rates? a. because most investments in health are usually targeted first to the elderly and then to children b. bc technology and investment play a large role in death rates but social factors and cultural norms such as religion play a large role in birth rates c. bc birth rates are largely controlled by technical factors such as access to birth control or family planning d. bc technology and investment play a large role in birth rates but social factors and cultural norms such as religion play a role in death rates

bc technology and investment play a large role in death rates but social factors and cultural norms such as religion play a large role in birth rates

why does population growth in the united states have a larger effect on the global envrironment than population growth in India? a. bc US residents are more likely to drive and fly than Indian citizens b. bc the avg resident of india consumes far more resources than a resident of the united states c. bc the avg resident of the united states consumes far more resources than a resident of india d. bc north america has more natural resources

bc the avg resident of the united states consumes far more resources than a resident of india

despite a large increase in the global population, the overall growth rate is not as high as it was 100 years ago. Why? a. bc the developing nations are moving through the early stages of the demogrpahic transition faster than the united states and the european nations did 100 years ago b. bc resources are now limiting population growth c. bc there are fewer people alive today than there were 10 years ago d. bc china has restricted population growth

bc the developing nations are moving through the early stages of the demogrpahic transition faster than the united states and the european nations did 100 years ago

why does it take less and less time to add each additional billion people to the planet? a. because social behaviors change and people decide to have more children b. because the the growth rate increases as the population rises c. because as the population increases, the total number of births increases d. because the total fertility rate increases with population size

because as the population increases, the total number of births increases

if the population increases by about 28% between now and 2050, which of the following best captures the likely change in demand for food? a. demand for food will increase by a little more than 28% b. demand for food will increase by considerably more than 28% c. demand for food will increase by less than 28% d. demand for food will increase by 28%

demand for food will increase by considerably more than 28%

what happens to population growth rates when (on average) women have their first child later in life? a. growth rates are unaffected by this statistic b. the important statistic is the average age of the father at first childbirth, so this statistic is meaningless c. growth rates increase a little d. growth rates decline

growth rates decline

overall, how have global average population growth rates changed from 1950 to the present? a. growth rates have been stable b. growth rates have increased from 1 billion people to 7.3 billion people c. growth rates have increased a little d. growth rates have declined

growth rates have declined although the total population is growing, it is growing at a slower rate than it has in the past

how will population growth rates most likely change over the next 100 years (according to projections from the united nations)? a. growth rates will increase slowly bc of the demographic transition b. growth rates will increase quickly bc of the large global population c. growth rates will remain the same d. growth rates will decrease slowly bc of the demographic transition

growth rates will decrease slowly bc of the demographic transition

if global total fertility rates dropped to 1.9 (just below replacement rates), what would happen to the world's population over the next 50 year? a. it would double by 2050 b. it would shrink c. it would continue to rise d. it would be stable

it would continue to rise

in which of the following countries would you likely find a high total fetrility rate? a. kenya b. united states c. japan d. sweden

kenya

a high dependency ratio can create stresses for a society, but those stresses vary depending on the age of population. Using japan as an example fo a population with a large number of older citizens and kenya​ as an example of a popualtion​ with a large number of younger citizens, which of the following statements is NOT likely to be true? a. kenya will have high infrastructure costs such as those associated with education and will require rapid economic growth to provide jobs to a growing population b. japan may have difficulty finding people to work in some types of jobs and will have to change societal investments from education to health care c. kenya will have high health care costs and the problem of declining population growth d. japan will have high health care costs and a shrinking amount of government revenue (taxes)

kenya will have high health care costs and the problem of declining population growth

what are the major causes of death in the world's poorest countries? a. most people die from traffic accidents b. most people die of preventable and treatable diseases, such as infectious and parasitic diseases c. most people die of HIV/AIDS d. Most people die of diseases related to genetics and lifestyle, such as cancer and heart disease

most people die of preventable and treatable diseases, such as infectious and parasitic diseases

which of the following societies would have the largest ecological footprint? a. per capita income of $2,000 per year with limited industrialization b. per capita income of $20,000 per year with an industrializing economy c. per capita income of $50,000 per year with a highly industrialized economy d. per capita income of $35, 000 with extensive public transportation systems like trains and buses

per capita income of $50,000 per year with a highly industrialized economy

which of the following is an effective way to reduce population growth that does not increase human suffering and improves equity in society? a. provide more food supplies b. provide girls and women more access to education and economic equality c. stimulate economic ​development d. implement sterilization programs

provide girls and women more access to education and economic equality

in what way can wealth (affluence) INCREASE the impacts of population growth on the environment? a. there are no examples of how rising affluence can have a negative impact on environmental problems b. rising affluence leads to rising consumption of goods and services, and this increases the impacts of population growth on the environment c. the accumulation of wealth/rise in affluence is uniformly good for the environment bc richer people care more about wildlife preservation and similar things d. wealth doesn't matter much for the environment - it's really the overall population that is most important

rising affluence leads to rising consumption of goods and services, and this increases the impacts of population growth on the environment

what is the typical replacement rate for populations? a. slightly more than two children per woman bc some children die before reaching adulthood b. one child per woman, so that each woman replaces herself c. the replacement rate depends on the country's population momentum d. two children per woman, so that each couple is replaced

slightly more than two children per woman bc some children die before reaching adulthood

what does the T stand for in the I=PAT equation? a. trouble b. time c. technology d. transportation

technology

what is the definition of the total fertility rate? a. the average number of children born to a woman between the ages of 20 and 40 b. the average number of children born to a couple during their lifetime c. the average number of children born to a man during his lifetime d. the average number of children born to a woman during her lifetime

the average number of children born to a woman during her lifetime

using the demographic transition model, predict what change is more likely to occur in a country that has a declinging death rate and a birth rate that remains high? a. the birth rate will increase b. the death rate will increase c. nothing, this country is at the end of the demographic transition d. the birth rate will fall

the birth rate will fall

what major changes would need to occur for the population to stabilize around 11 billion by 2100? a. the least developed countries in the world would have to drastically reduce their fertility rates b. widespread famine would have to slow population growth c. the most developed countries in the world would have to drastically reduce their fertility rates d. death rates would have to rise considerably.

the least developed countries in the world would have to drastically reduce their fertility rates

what is a dependency ration, and why is it important? a. the ratio of non-working to working people; bc non-working people require the support of the working population b. the ratio of old to young people; bc older people use more resources than younger people c. the ratio of non-working people to working people; bc working people are a burden on society d. the ratio of dying people to living people; bc dying people require a large amount of health care

the ratio of non-working to working people; bc non-working people require the support of the working population

in what way can wealth (affluence) help REDUCE the impacts of population growth on the environment? a. wealth can be used to buy more goods, and this is generally good for the environment b. there are no examples of how rising affluence can have a positive impact on environmental problems c. wealth can be used to invest in technologies that reduce the impact of consumption on the environment d. wealth can be invested in infrastructure that helps people lead more happy and productive lives

wealth can be used to invest in technologies that reduce the impact of consumption on the environment

wealthy countries often have less air pollution than poorer countries. which of the following statements best captures the role of affluence in environmental impacts? a. affluence always leads to larger environmental impacts b. when money is invested in technologies that reduce pollution, affluence can help reduce environmental impacts c. affluence always leads to reduced environmental impacts d. this has little to do with affluence and is simply bc wealthy countries use fewer resources

when money is invested in technologies that reduce pollution, affluence can help reduce environmental impacts