Ex Phys Quiz 2

What is the function of insulin? A) agnostic to glucagon B) decreases glycogen storage in the liver and muscle C) reduces hyperglycemia D) all of the above

C) reduces hyperglycemia

Which of the following is NOT an action of Cortisol? A. Increases vasoconstriction B. Decreases immune reactions C. Decreases anti-inflammatory effect D. Increases lipolysis

C. Decreases anti-inflammatory effect

Which hormone is NOT secreted by hypothalamus? A. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone B. Oxytocin C. Growth hormone D. ADH

C. Growth hormone

With respect to catecholamines, a spike in blood glucose levels during a sprint is primarily caused by: A. A decrease in insulin secretion B. An increase in metabolic rate, which calls for more energy C. Increased glycogenolysis in the liver D. An increase in lipolysis, which dumps FFAs into the blood

C. Increased glycogenolysis in the liver

Insulin does all of the following EXCEPT: a.) increases glucose transport into cells via protein carrier b.) builds up stores of glycogen c.) decreases lipogenesis d.) increases uptake of amino acids into cells for protein synthesis

decreases lipogenesis

Which one is true about insulin? a. Increases gluconeogenesis b. Decreases lipogenesis c. Decreases glycogenesis d. Increases uptake of amino acids

d. Increases uptake of amino acids

Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 cause an increase in all of the following except a. Metabolic rate of all tissues b. Protein Synthesis c. Rate of glycolysis d. Lipogenesis

d. Lipogenesis

which of the following is false? a. norepinephrine increases after 50% VO2 max is reached b. epinephrine increases after 60-70% VO2 max is reached c. norepinephrine still stays elevated after acute bouts of exercise d. epinephrine returns to baseline levels slower than norepinephrine

d. epinephrine returns to baseline levels slower than norepinephrine

Hypothyroidism leads to all of the following except? a. weight gain b. brittle hair and nails c. increased cholesterol levels (LDL) d. heat intolerance e. dry skin

d. heat intolerance

True or False: During acute exercise glucose increases and insulin decreases, both eventually leveling off.

true

Goiter is caused by: 1) a deficiency in iodide in a diet 2) excess iodide in a diet 3) a deficiency in iron in a diet 4) excess iron in a diet

1) a deficiency in iodide in a diet

Which of the following hormones is secreted in response to stress? A) Cortisol B) Aldosterone C) Glucagon D) Growth Hormone

A) Cortisol

Which of the following does NOT happen as exercise duration increases? A. A decrease in liver glucose release. B. More liver glycogen is utilized. C. An increase in muscle glucose uptake. D. As glycogen stores decrease, glucagon levels increase.

A. A decrease in liver glucose release.

Which one of the following hormones does NOT stimulate lipolysis? A. Renin B. Cortisol C. Epinephrine D. Growth Hormone

A. Renin

All are true about steroid hormones except... A.)They are all anabolic B.)They are derived from cholesterol C.)They are fat soluble and can pass through the lipid bilayer without facilitation D.)Their receptors lie inside the cell

A.)They are all anabolic

Steroid hormones a. Makes enzymes b. Makes structural proteins c. Makes regulatory proteins that alter enzyme function d. All of the above

All of the above

The changes in secretion of insulin and glucagon due to the fluctuations in blood glucose if referred to as the: A) Negative Hormone Cycle B) Hormone Secretion Loop C) Negative Feedback Loop D) Hormone Feedback Cycle

C) Negative Feedback Loop

Which of the following is false about the effect of Glucocorticoids (or cortisol)? A) Help to regulate blood pressure B) Decrease vasoconstriction C) Decrease immune reactions D) Increase gluconeogenesis

B) Decrease vasoconstriction

A lack of which of the following nutrients can lead to an enlarged thyroid gland A) Sodium B) Iodine C) Potassium D) Calcium

B) Iodine

What of the following does not occur in response to catecholamines (EX: epinephrine)? A) Increased Heart Rate B) Increased Vasoconstriction C) Decreased Glycogenolysis D) Decreased Insulin Secretion

C) Decreased Glycogenolysis

What accelerates lipolysis, releasing free fatty acids into the blood so they can be taken up by the cells and used for energy production Cortisol Renin PTH

Cortisol

Which of the following is true in regard to the increase in blood glucose with acute intense exercise? A) The liver retains glucose B) Catecholamines are inhibited C) Glycogenolysis is stimulated in the liver D) None of the above.

D) None of the above.

Which of the menstrual cycle hormones is at elevated levels after ovulation (day 14)? A) FSH B) LH C) Estrogen D) Progesterone

D) Progesterone

What is true of steroid hormones A. Fat soluble B. Can pass through membrane easily C. Activates DNA to make mRNA D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following is not a characteristic of glucagon? e. Stimulated by decrease in blood glucose f. Raises rates of glycogenolysis g. Glucagon increases then levels off during exercise h. Decreases amino acid uptake in liver

Decreases amino acid uptake in liver

(T/F) A tropin type hormone will directly affect body tissues, such as growth hormone stimulating increased cell division.

False

(T/F) In the pancreas, alpha cells secrete insulin.

False

(True or False) In response to acute exercise, norepinephrine levels in the blood increase at 60-70% of one's VO2 max. 50% of Vo2 Max (Epi is 60-70)

False

Hormones are regulated exclusively on a positive feedback loop. a. True b. False

False

IL-6 is a pro-inflammatory mediator. True or False

False

Increasing the intensity of exercise decrease stimulation of growth hormone. T or F

False

Steroid hormones are lipid soluble and have difficulty crossing cell membranes a. True b. False

False

T/F - Beta cells secrete glucagon

False

T/F: Because hormones have a "lock and key" system like enzymes, they only affect the target organ or system, avoiding all other areas in the body.

False

The thyroid gland secretes T3 more often than T4

False

True or False Insulin regulates blood glucose by promoting glucagon uptake by cells.

False

True or False: A difference between the endocrine and exocrine system is that the glands in the endocrine system are secreted through ducts while the glands in the exocrine gland are dumped directly into the bloodstream.

False

True or False: Hormones are considered both conscious and unconscious because we don't think about releasing them but also our brain is directly responsible for releasing hormones.

False

True or False: During your adulthood you do not have any growth hormone release

False

True or False: Insulin is secreted when blood glucose is low.

False

True or False: The Pancreas is an entirely endocrine organ

False

True or False: The anterior pituitary is made of neural tissue and is responsible for releasing ADH and oxytocin.

False

True or False: Type II diabetes can be inherited through past generation

False

True/ False: Of the corticosteroids that are secreted by the adrenal cortex, cortisol is the main mineralocorticoid.

False

Which is NOT one of the actions of catecholamines? Increased heart rate and contractility Increased lipolysis Increased vasodilation Increased respiration

Increased vasodilation

Which thyroid hormone does the work in the cell? 1)T3 2)T4 3)TSH 4)Thyrotropin Releasing Factor

T3

Catecholamines increase the release of amino acids into the blood. T or F?

True

T/F Non steroid hormones can change membrane permeability?

True

True or False: insulin increases the intake of amino acids for protein synthesis to effectively replenish muscles.

True

True or false: Insulin is an anabolic hormone.

True

What is true about the endocrine system? a. There are 9 main endocrine glands b. Composed of steroid and non-steroid hormones c. They are ductless and secreted into the blood d. A and B only

d. A and B only

The Translocation Theory: a. Allows glucose to enter the cells at a much faster rate b. Is most commonly found in Type 2 diabetics c. Inhibits glycolysis in the cell d. All of the above

a. Allows glucose to enter the cells at a much faster rate

Which of the following is true about nonsteroid hormones? a. They are not fat soluble b. They are able to cross membranes c. It does not activate protein kinase d. They are made from cholesterol

a. They are not fat soluble

Where do steroid hormones come from? a. cholesterol b. proteins c. both a and b d. neither a or b

a. cholesterol

Catecholamines... a. increase BP b. decrease respiration c. decrease glycogenolysis d. all of the above

a. increase BP

What are the effects of catecholamines? a. increased heart rate b. increased insulin c. decreased metabolic rate d. decreased blood pressure

a. increased heart rate

which hormone acts on the kidneys to retain sodium in order to increase plasma volume? a. growth hormone b. aldosterone c. cortisol d. cytokines

b. aldosterone

Which of the following is an anabolic agent that promotes growth and hypertrophy by facilitating amino acid transport into the cells a. Renin b. Testosterone c. Prolactin d. Growth hormone

d. Growth hormone

Which of the following is true for a type I diabetic? a.) Their pancreas produces insufficient amounts of insulin. b.) They experience an increase in lipolysis of stored fat and release of fatty acids. c.) Their target receptors become insensitive. d.) This condition is commonly caused by chronic overeating

b.) They experience an increase in lipolysis of stored fat and release of fatty acids.

All of the following are true about insulin except: a) it is an anabolic hormone b) increases glycogenesis c) decreases up take of AA into cells for protein synthesis d) increases lipogenesis

c) decreases up take of AA into cells for protein synthesis

What is the MAIN function of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4? a. They increase lipolysis and FFA mobilization b. They increase glucose uptake by cells c. They increase metabolic rate of all tissues d. They increases protein synthesis

c. They increase metabolic rate of all tissues

Which of the following is not true about type I diabetes 1. the pancreas does not produce insulin 2. cells are resistant to insulin 3. blood glucose spills into urine 4. increases lipolysis of stored fats

cells are resistant to insulin

How do catecholamine hormones respond to acute bouts of exercise? a. Unaffected by intensity of exercise b. Norepinephrine levels increase c. Epinephrine levels increase d. Norepinephrine levels drop to baseline soon after start of exercise e. Both b. and c. f. All of the above

e. Both b. and c.

Which of the following is true about hormones? a. classified as steroid and non-steroid b. All hormones fit like a lock and key to receptor c. the role is to maintain homeostasis d. all of the above e. only a and c

e. only a and c