EX1 CH27- Cardiac Disorder

The nurse provides discharge teaching to a patient with venous leg ulcers. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further education?

"I will put on my stockings after I get out of bed each day."

A patient is scheduled for a chest x-ray to determine the cause of a deep, diffuse chest pain extending to the interscapular area. The patient asks the nurse why the test is being performed. How should the nurse respond?

"It can reveal abnormal widening of the thoracic aorta.

A patient who presents with claudication is diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). The nurse expects that what will be included in the patient's treatment plan? Select all that apply.

-Antiplatelet therapy -Exercise therapy -Nutritional therapy

A patient has a 2-month history of taking warfarin as treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The patient is scheduled for an unrelated surgery. The nurse determines that it is safe and necessary to give vitamin K based on what international normalized ratio (INR) result?

3.4

A patient receives a prescription for 60 mg enoxaparin. Which injection site should the nurse use to administer the medication safely?

Abdomen

The patient on bed rest is scheduled to receive a first dose of enoxaparin. For proper administration, which site should the nurse select for injection?

Abdomen

A patient is hospitalized with a suspected abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which test is used to map the entire aortic system?

Angiography

A patient who has undergone peripheral artery bypass surgery reports increased pain and tingling in the extremities. The nurse notes the loss of a previously palpable pulse, cyanosis, and a decreased ankle-brachial index. The nurse identifies that the assessment findings are related to what condition?

Blockage of the graft

The nurse assesses that a patient with acute ascending aortic dissection has narrowed pulse pressure, jugular venous distention, and a diastolic blood pressure of 60 mm Hg. With what does the nurse correlate these findings?

Cardiac tamponade

A patient is diagnosed with intermittent claudication. The nurse expects the patient's treatment plan to include what medication?

Cilostazol

The nurse reviews the assessment findings of a patient with atherosclerosis and notes an ankle brachial index (ABI) of 0.8, decreased Doppler pressures, aspirin intolerance, and arterial stenosis. What is the best treatment choice?

Clopidogrel

The nurse anticipates a prescription for which treatment for a patient who has undergone distal peripheral bypass surgery using synthetic graft material?

Clopidogrel plus aspirin therapy for 1 year

The nurse reviews the medication profile of a patient and identifies that which type of medication predisposes the patient to thrombus formation?

Corticosteroids

The nurse reviews the treatments for lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). Which therapy involves percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and cold therapy?

Cryoplasty

A patient experiences an acute aortic dissection. The nurse identifies that what medication can be used to lower the patient's heart rate if a β-blocker is contraindicated?

Diltiazem

The nurse is providing postoperative care for a patient who underwent abdominal aortic repair surgery. Which parameter needs to be monitored continuously by the nurse?

Electrocardiogram

A patient with acute aortic dissection is scheduled for a medication that will be titrated to maintain a target heart rate of 60 beats/minute or less. The nurse identifies that which medication will be given?

Esmolol

The nurse is providing postoperative care to a patient who underwent aortic surgery. The nurse anticipates that what medication will be given to prevent complications?

Furosemide

The nurse anticipates that which medication will be prescribed to a patient with intermittent claudication?

Pentoxifylline

A patient has an asymptomatic aneurysm that is 5.8 cm in diameter. The nurse anticipates that what will be included in the patient's plan of care?

Preoperative education about surgical repair

A patient is diagnosed with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), a venous ulcer, peripheral artery disease (PAD), and an arterial stasis ulcer. The nurse determines that compression stockings should not be placed on the patient based on what assessment finding?

Rest pain

The nurse is caring for a male patient after aortic surgery. The nurse should instruct the patient to report which common complication that is associated with this type of surgery?

Sexual dysfunction

A patient is diagnosed with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The nurse anticipates that which medication will be prescribed?

Simvastatin

The nurse observes another health care provider caring for a patient with critical limb ischemia. Which action needs correction?

Soaking the patient's feet to allow for thorough cleaning

Which treatment may help prevent amputation in patients with critical limb ischemia?

Spinal cord stimulation

What is the priority nursing intervention in the care of a patient with a diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI)?

Teaching the patient the correct use of compression stockings

A patient has loss of hair on the legs and the feet, extremities cold to the touch, and brittle nails. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is 0.41 and the laboratory report indicates decreased Doppler pressures. What should the nurse interpret from the assessment findings?

The patient has peripheral artery disease (PAD).

The nurse suspects what reason that a patient is not responding well to clopidogrel therapy?

The patient is taking omeprazole medication

Which patient is at high risk for developing irreversible renal failure after an aortic aneurysm surgery?

The patient with diabetes

While caring for a patient, the nurse observes indications of warfarin toxicity. The nurse expects that which medication will be prescribed?

Vitamin K

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with suspected aortic dissection. The nurse suspects that the aortic arch is involved based on what assessment finding?

Weakened carotid pulse

The nurse obtains a medical history from a patient with a suspected abdominal aortic aneurysm. What question is the priority for the nurse to ask the patient?

"Do you have back pain?

The nurse provides discharge education to a patient who underwent peripheral artery bypass surgery. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?

"I should gently clean the incision with mild soap and water, then dry it well."

The nurse provides education to a nursing student about postoperative interventions for a patient who has undergone an aortic aneurysm surgery. Which statement made by the student indicates the need for further teaching?

"I should keep an indwelling urinary catheter in place until the patient is discharged."

A 28-year-old female patient inquires about options for contraception. The nurse recognizes that if the patient takes an estrogen-based oral contraceptive, her risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) doubles based on what statement that is made by the patient?

"I smoke 1 ½ packs of cigarettes a day."

The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient who underwent an abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Which statement made by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?

"I will immediately report if the pain or drainage from incisions increase."

The nurse provides preoperative instructions to a patient who is scheduled for surgery to repair an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The patient has a history of cardiovascular disease. Which patient statement indicates the need for further teaching?

"I will not be allowed to take any medications the day of surgery."

The nurse provides teaching to a patient with critical limb ischemia about foot care. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further instruction?

"I will soak my feet every evening."

The registered nurse observes a new graduate nurse providing postoperative instructions to a patient with a history of cardiovascular disease. Which statement made by the new graduate nurse requires correction?

"It is important to flex and extend your hips, knees, and feet every eight hours."

A postoperative patient asks the nurse why daily enoxaparin has been prescribed. How should the nurse respond?

"It will help prevent blood clots from forming in your legs until your level of activity, such as walking, returns to normal."

The nurse provides information to a patient with diabetes mellitus about foot care to lower the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD). Which statements made by the patient indicate a need for additional teaching? Select all that apply.

-"I should have my capillary refill checked annually by my health care provider." -"I should wear nylon socks."

A patient is scheduled for aortic surgery. The nurse provides education related to postoperative management of the gastrointestinal system. What should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.

-"You will have an NG tube in place. -"You are encouraged to ambulate early to help the return of bowel function." -"You won't be allowed to eat or drink anything initially, but you can have ice chips or lozenges if needed."

A patient with a history of cardiovascular disease is scheduled for an aortic aneurysm repair surgery. Which interventions should be included on the patient's plan of care to prevent complications during surgery? Select all that apply.

-Administer a laxative to the patient the day before surgery -Perform skin cleansing with an antimicrobial agent the day before surgery -Instruct the patient not to eat or drink after midnight on the day of surgery.

An ankle-brachial index (ABI) test was performed on a male patient who presents with symptoms of peripheral artery disease (PAD). The test results include a classification of PAD severity as 0.80 and an ABI of 1.2. The nurse expects that the patient's treatment plan will include what interventions? Select all that apply.

-Advising the patient to maintain a body mass index (BMI) of less than 25 kg/m2 -Advising the patient to exercise daily -Administering an antiplatelet agent -Administering an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor

Which instructions should the nurse include in the discharge plan of a patient who has undergone aortic surgery? Select all that apply.

-Avoid heavy lifting for six weeks -Routinely observe the color of the extremities -Palpate the peripheral pulses regularly

The nurse expects which postoperative findings in a patient who underwent an aortic surgery and experienced a disrupted blood supply to the bowel during the surgery? Select all that apply.

-Bloody stools -Abdominal distention -Absence of bowel sounds

The nurse identifies that what interventions are appropriate to be included on the plan of care for a patient receiving anticoagulant therapy? Select all that apply.

-Checking the platelet count -Administering stool softeners -Applying manual pressure for at least 10 minutes on venipuncture sites

The nurse teaches dietary measures to a patient who underwent peripheral artery bypass surgery. Which patient actions indicate effective learning? Select all that apply.

-Increasing fresh fruit intake -Increasing foods high in Vitamin A

A patient admitted to the health care facility with venous thromboembolism (VTE) is prescribed unfractionated heparin, to be administered subcutaneously. What technique should the nurse use when administering the medication? Select all that apply.

-Inject deep into abdominal fatty tissue -Hold skinfold during injection -Avoid aspiration

What interventions will decrease the likelihood of a patient developing varicose veins? Select all that apply.

-Maintaining ideal body weight -Avoiding long periods of sitting -Avoiding standing for long periods

The nurse reviews the history of a patient with aortic dissection and identifies what risk factors? Select all that apply.

-Marfan's syndrome -Male gender -Poorly controlled hypertension -Cocaine use

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized patient who is receiving anticoagulant therapy for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Which interventions should the nurse perform for this patient? Select all that apply.

-Monitor platelet count -Use small-gauge needle for venipunctures -Humidify O2 source if supplemental O2 is prescribed

The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient who underwent femoral artery bypass surgery with synthetic graft replacement. The nurse instructs the patient to monitor for what indications of acute arterial ischemia? Select all that apply.

-Pale and white leg -Severe pain in the lower leg

A patient is scheduled to undergo surgery for repair of an aortic dissection. Which interventions should the nurse include in the preoperative care plan? Select all that apply.

-Providing emotional support to the patient -Monitoring changes in peripheral pulses -Administering opioids and sedatives as prescribed -Managing pain and anxiety

The nurse recognizes that which interventions may benefit a patient with Buerger's disease? Select all that apply.

-Stopping all use of marijuana -Administering a calcium channel blocker -Administering an analgesic

The nurse reviews the admission history of patient who is hospitalized with deep venous thrombosis (VTE) in the left leg. Which findings from the health history increase the risk for the patient to develop this complication? Select all that apply.

-Takes conjugated estrogen regularly -Left knee replacement 2 weeks prior to the current hospitalization

The nurse is examining a female patient who experiences leg edema and pain. What history findings indicate that the patient is at a high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE)? Select all that apply.

-The patient uses tobacco. -The patient takes an estrogen-based oral contraceptive. -The patient has a family history of VTE -The patient lives in a high-altitude area

The nurse is providing postoperative care to a patient who underwent aneurysm repair surgery. The nurse should monitor what parameters? Select all that apply.

-White blood cell (WBC) coun -Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) leve -Serum creatinine level

The nurse reviews the coagulation profile results of a patient who is scheduled for surgery. The nurse concludes that the patient is stable for surgery after noting which international normalized ratio (INR) result?

1.0

Which ankle-brachial index (ABI) value indicates noncompressible arteries?

1.50

The nurse reviews a patient's laboratory results before administering a prescribed dose of vitamin K1. The nurse determines that the medication is both safe to give and is most needed when the international normalized ratio (INR) is at which level?

2.1

The nurse reviews the medical records of four patients and identifies that which patient is at risk for venous thromboembolism?

A patient on hormone therapy

The nurse is caring for a group of patients and identifies that which patient is at greatest risk for developing acute kidney injury (AKI)?

A patient who underwent abdominal aortic aneurysm repair

The nurse is assigned to care for a group of patients in the intensive care unit. Which patient is at greatest risk for needing a percutaneous catheter decompression?

A patient with severe abdominal compartment syndrome

A nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The patient receives a prescription for 30 mg enoxaparin. Which injection site should the nurse use to administer this medication safely?

Abdomen, anterior-lateral aspect

The nurse is assessing a patient with patchy mottling of the feet and toes. The nurse recognizes that the assessment finding may be indicative of what?

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

A patient with a suspected acute aortic dissection tells the nurse, "I think I'm having a heart attack!" The nurse should assess the patient for which manifestation of an acute aortic dissection?

Abrupt onset of excruciating chest or back pain

It is appropriate for the registered nurse (RN) to delegate which intervention to a licensed practical nurse (LPN) when providing care to a patient with venous thromboembolism?

Administering prescribed subcutaneous anticoagulants

The nurse assesses a patient with diaphoresis, weakness, periumbilical pain, pallor, and a pulsating abdominal mass. The patient's heart rate is 120 beats/minute and blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg. What does the nurse suspect is occurring with this patient?

Aneurysm rupture

A patient has been diagnosed with an aortic arch aneurysm. What assessment finding does the nurse determine correlates with this diagnosis?

Angina

A patient is diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD), which increases the patient's risk of developing several medical conditions. The nurse recognizes that it essential to provide the patient with education about which condition that requires immediate emergency treatment?

Aortic aneurysm

The primary health care provider prescribes warfarin for a patient with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Which information should the nurse include in the patient's discharge teaching plan?

Avoid contact sports and high-risk activities

A patient is recovering from abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. After taking the patient's vital signs, which result necessitates immediate action by the nurse?

Blood pressure 196/100

The nurse is performing a physical assessment on a patient with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Which manifestation involving the lower extremities should the nurse expect?

Brownish color

Which sign or symptom is associated with acute dissection of the ascending aorta?

Chest pain described as ripping in nature

After assessing a patient, the nurse identifies that the patient is in the initial stage of Raynaud's disorder. The determination was made based on what assessment finding?

Color changes of fingers and toes from white to blue to red

The nurse provides care to a patient diagnosed with thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's disease). What is the primary treatment for the disease?

Complete cessation of tobacco and marijuana use

The nurse prepares a home care plan for a patient diagnosed with venous thromboembolism (VTE) who is receiving anticoagulant therapy. The plan contains information such as: 1) Avoid injury or trauma that can cause bleeding. 2) Avoid all nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. 3) Contact emergency services if there is blood in urine or stool. 4) Take correct doses of drugs (anticoagulants). 5) Take medication at the same time daily. Which important information was omitted from the plan?

Contact emergency response services if cold, blue, or painful feet are noted

A patient is receiving medication through an intravenous catheter. The nurse finds pain, tenderness, warmth, erythema, swelling, and a palpable cord at the site of catheter insertion. The nurse anticipates that what medication will be prescribed?

Diclofenac

A patient reports chest pain. The nurse finds that the patient is diaphoretic and pale. Which diagnostic test can be used to rule out cardiac ischemia?

Electrocardiogram

The nurse reviews the care options for patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). Which treatment is used to stimulate blood vessel growth?

Gene and stem cell therapy

A patient takes ibuprofen and aspirin for management of peripheral artery disease (PAD). The nurse should instruct the patient to notify the health care provider (HCP) before taking which herbal supplement?

Goldenseal

The nurse assesses a patient postoperatively from a repair of an aortic aneurysm and finds a heart rate of 48, cool, pale, and mottled extremities along with reports of pain. What condition does the nurse suspect is occurring?

Graft occlusion

Which condition should the nurse check in the patient's history before administering cilostazol?

Heart failure

The nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of enoxaparin 30 mg subcutaneously. What technique should the nurse use when administering the medication?

Hold skinfold during injection but release before removing needle.

A patient has a blood pressure of 180/98 mm Hg after aortic aneurysm surgery. Which drug will the nurse administer to reduce hypertension in this patient?

Hydralazine

Which statement made by the student nurse indicates the need for additional teaching about appropriate postoperative interventions for a patient who has undergone peripheral artery bypass surgery?

I should measure the ankle-brachial index 10 minutes after surgery."

A patient who underwent abdominal aortic aneurysm repair is found to have seepage of blood back into the old aneurysm. What reason does the nurse suspect for this finding?

Inadequate seal at graft end

A patient is diagnosed with critical limb ischemia, which resulted from severe chronic peripheral vascular disease. The nurse places the patient's bed in the reverse Trendelenberg position to achieve what desired effect?

Increase tissue perfusion by gravity

A patient who underwent an aortic surgery has a body temperature of 101° F and a white blood cell count of 13,000/mcL, and the surgical site has redness, swelling, and drainage. What does the nurse infer from these findings?

Infection

A patient reports a recent onset of pain in the calf when climbing stairs. The pain is relieved when the patient sits and rests for about 2 minutes. The patient is then able to resume activities. The nurse suspects what condition?

Intermittent claudication

The nurse is assessing a patient who has peripheral artery disease (PAD). Which assessment finding is considered to be a classic symptom of lower extremity PAD?

Intermittent claudication

The nurse is preparing a patient for aortic surgery. Which medication should the nurse administer in the preoperative phase?

Intravenous antibiotic

The nurse is assessing a patient with a saccular aneurysm. The nurse recalls what characteristic of this type of aneurysm?

It is pouchlike and has a narrow neck connecting the bulge to one side of the arterial wall.

A patient with intermittent claudication experiences pain in the leg muscles while exercising that resolves within 10 minutes after stopping. The nurse recognizes that the ischemic pain is a result of the buildup of what?

Lactic acid

A patient develops postthrombotic syndrome. The nurse assesses lipodermatosclerosis, which has what hallmark characteristic?

Leathery, brown-colored skin

The nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin subcutaneously to a patient with vascular insufficiency. What technique should the nurse use when administering the medication?

Leave the air bubble in the prefilled syringe

The nurse is assessing a patient with lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). The nurse expects to find what clinical manifestation?

Loss of hair on legs, feet, and toes

A patient has undergone an endovascular aneurysm repair. The nurse should inform the patient that follow-up will include what test on a regular basis?

Magnetic resonance imaging

Which diagnostic test can distinguish acute and chronic thrombus in a patient?

Magnetic resonance venography

The nurse is caring for a patient after an acute aortic dissection. The patient reports a pain level of 8 on a 0-10 scale. What medication should the nurse administer?

Morphine

The nurse reviews the prescribed medications taken by a patient diagnosed with thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger's Disease). Which medication is contraindicated and should be questioned by the nurse?

Nicotine transdermal patch

The nurse observes leakage of pus, increased redness and hardness, and wound separation along the incision of a patient who has undergone peripheral artery bypass surgery. What action should the nurse take?

Notify the primary health care provider

A patient with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) underwent atherectomy. During the immediate postoperative period, the patient's neurovascular checks were normal. The nurse assesses the patient 2 hours after the surgery and notes that the peripheral pulses are absent. What action should the nurse take?

Notify the surgeon immediately

The nurse reviews a patient's medical record and notes long-term use of heparin. The nurse identifies that the patient is at risk for what complication?

Osteoporosis

Diagnostic studies have been prescribed for a patient who presents with symptoms of aortic dissection. The nurse reviews the patient's history and identifies that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may can be contraindicated based on what finding?

Pacemaker surgery

A patient with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) undergoes a balloon angioplasty with stent placement. The nurse recalls that the balloon and the stent may be coated with what medication to reduce restenosis?

Paclitaxel

A postoperative patient is receiving enoxaparin. The nurse identifies that the medication is not being effective when what assessment finding is noted?

Pain and swelling in the lower extremity

Which description is characteristic of pain experienced by a patient diagnosed with Raynaud's phenomenon?

Pain in fingers or toes with color changes in the skin

The nurse assesses a patient who is diagnosed with acute arterial ischemia in the leg. Which early clinical manifestation requires immediate intervention?

Paresthesia

The nurse reviews the medical records of four patients and identifies that appropriate treatment has been prescribed for which patient?

Patient A

The nurse assesses four patients and identifies that which patient is at risk for venous stasis?

Patient B

A patient experiences chronic ischemic rest pain that lasts more than 2 weeks and gangrene of the leg as a result of peripheral artery disease (PAD). The patient is not a candidate for revascularization bypass surgery. The nurse expects a prescription for what?

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)

A patient with a history of aortic aneurysm presents to the emergency department with pale clammy skin, abdominal tenderness, tachycardia, hypotension, and oliguria. What action should the nurse take?

Prepare for immediate surgical repair with simultaneous resuscitation

Which nursing action is beneficial for a patient who underwent an abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and develops endoleak?

Preparing the patient for coil embolization

The nurse assesses an absence of bowel sounds in a patient who underwent aortic surgery. The patient reports severe abdominal pain. What the priority nursing action?

Preparing the patient for reoperation

A patient who underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) to treat lower leg peripheral artery disease is prescribed 75 mg of aspirin daily. What is the desired effect of this medication?

Prevent platelet agglutination

The nurse provides postoperative care to a patient who has undergone an endovascular graft procedure. The nurse identifies that which condition may result in graft thrombosis?

Prolonged low blood pressure

The nurse reviews a patient's international normalized ratio (INR) level before administering warfarin to a patient. The nurse recognizes that the INR is a standardized system for reporting what blood coagulation test?

Prothrombin time (PT)

What is the rationale for the use of ramipril in a symptomatic patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

Reduces hypertension

The nurse notes changes in a patient's assessment findings, including phlebitis at the patient's peripheral intravenous (IV) site. What action should the nurse take?

Remove the patient's IV cathete

The nurse reviews the treatment plan for a patient experiencing intraabdominal hypertension following an emergency repair of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The nurse should question which item that is listed on the plan?

Reverse Trendelenburg position

Which intervention should the nurse implement while administering heparin sodium to a patient?

Rotating the medication administration site frequently

The nurse teaches self-care instructions to a patient who has undergone peripheral artery bypass surgery. Which patient action indicates the need for further teaching?

Sits cross-legged

A male Hispanic patient is diagnosed with peripheral artery disease (PAD). The nurse notes a history of smoking and a history of depression. The nurse identifies that the patient has what PAD risk factor?

Smoking

A patient reports pain and itchiness in a lower extremity. Upon further assessment, a nurse observes that the extremity is reddened and warm. The patient's body temperature is 101° F. What complication does the nurse suspect?

Superficial vein thrombosis

A patient develops edema following peripheral artery bypass surgery. The nurse should place the patient in what position?

Supine position

A patient with diabetes undergoes an ankle-brachial index (ABI) test. The result of the test is 1.10. How should the nurse interpret the test result?

The patient may have a falsely elevated ABI

Assessment findings indicate graft occlusion in a patient who underwent repair of an aortic aneurysm. The nurse anticipates that the plan of care will include what treatment?

Thrombolytic therapy

What is the rationale behind recommending gene and stem cell therapy to a patient who has critical limb ischemia?

To increase angiogenesis

What is the reason behind placing the bed in the reverse Trendelenburg position while the nurse cares for a patient with critical limb ischemia?

To increase perfusion to the lower extremities

The nurse is caring for a patient who has been treated for angina pectoris and underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). What is the primary purpose of this procedure?

To increase the diameter of the coronary arteries

The nurse is caring for a patient who had insertion of a temporary lumbar drain after an endovascular dissection repair. What does the nurse explain to the patient that the benefit of the drain is?

To prevent paralysis

A patient's assessment findings include a waist circumference of 42 inches, current tobacco use, hypertension, and a sedentary lifestyle. The nurse recognizes that which finding is the most important risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD)?

Tobacco use

The nurse is preparing a patient for an open aneurysm repair. What nursing actions can assist with decreasing the risk for bowel complications?

Using the retroperitoneal surgical approach

The patient reports a palpable, firm, and cordlike vein. The patient states that the area around the vein is itchy, painful to the touch, reddened, and warm. The nurse recognizes that the condition needs to be treated to prevent what complication?

Venous thromboembolism

The nurse is providing preoperative care to a patient who is scheduled for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair surgery. The medication history reveals that the patient takes warfarin daily. The nurse should prepare to administer which medication?

Vitamin K