Exam 1 (Chapters 1 - 3
Similar to personalismo, some African Americans refer to concepts of? A) Person to person connection. B) Respect and reciprocity. C) Learning about each other. D) All of the above. E) None of the above.
A) Person to person connection.
When your expert opinion conflicts with your client's perspective, it's a good idea to: A) Defer to your client, at least initially. B) Acknowledge the differences, but emphasize your expertise and authority. C) Openly argue with your client. D) Submit to your client for the duration of therapy. E) Refer your client to another provider.
A) Defer to your client, at least initially.
Olin wants to offer reassurance to a client during the closing stage. Which statement is NOT recommended? A) Don't worry, I'm sure I can help you. B) Many of my clients have concerns similar to yours, and they usually benefit from counseling. C) It's natural for this to feel a bit uncomfortable or weird at the beginning of therapy. D) Lots of people feel uncomfortable at first, but it usually gets better as we get to know each other more. E) These are all appropriate statements of reassurance.
A) Don't worry, I'm sure I can help you.
According to the authors, "Having and holding a nonjudgmental attitude-toward all clients" is A) Impossible B) Required C) Realistic D) Only B and C E) None of the above.
A) Impossible
Which of the following is true of fatalism? A) It is a belief that one cannot do much about one's fate. B) It is irrelevant to counseling. C) It must be strongly challenged for counseling to be effective. D) It absolves individuals of blame for traumatic circumstances that are out of their control. E) All of the above are true.
A) It is a belief that one cannot do much about one's fate.
The term invisibility syndrome refers to individuals from which minority group? A) African American B) White C) Hispanic D) American Indian E) Asian American
A) African American
A main purpose of obtaining information during the body of the interview is to? A) Assess the client's level of functioning. B) Put the client at ease. C) Develop a contract with the client. D) Establish rapport. E) All of the above.
A) Assess the client's level of functioning.
Which of the following is true regarding clinical interviewing: A) Clinical interviewing involves explicit agreement between parties for provision of services. B) It is best to avoid being friendly towards clients, especially clients who are culturally different. C) There really isn't much difference between a friendship relationship and a therapy relationship. D) Clinical interviewing involves only behavior that would be considered appropriate under normal social circumstances. E) None of these are true about clinical interviewing.
A) Clinical interviewing involves explicit agreement between parties for provision of services.
The authors claim that if may not be possible to ever: A) Completely reach "multicultural competence. B) Learn too many psychoanalytical techniques. C) Be too directive with a client. D) All of the above E) Non of the above.
A) Completely reach "multicultural competence.
The Clinical Interviewing is considered: A) The most fundamental component of mental health training. B) Exclusively an assessment interview. C) An optional first-session experience. D) Both A and B E) None of the above.
A) The most fundamental component of mental health training.
Which of the following is NOT true about Asian cultures? A) They are generally more egalitarian than other minority cultures. B) Decisions that affect the family should be decided by the family rather than the individual. C) Direct eye contact is seen as invasive and disrespectful. D) All of the above are true. E) None of the above are true.
A) They are generally more egalitarian than other minority cultures.
What do solution-focused therapists call clients who attend therapy only when coerced A) Visitors to treatment. B) Complainants C) Customers for change D) A pain in the backside E) Both A and B.
A) Visitors to treatment.
Which requirement should you follow when planning to record a session? A: Obtain the client's permission to do so before actually recording. B: Clients must not know they are being recored, as it will skew the interview. C: Being to record before clients arrive so that you have their permission on recording. D: Make sure you have obtained the client's permission after you've finished the recording of the session. E: Recording clients is always unethical and sometimes illegal.
A: Obtain the client's permission to do so before actually recording.
Who should be primarily in control of the physical surroundings during the interview? A: The interviewer, with sensitivity to the individual client's needs. B: The client should lead this. C: The outside consultant. D: It doesn't matter. E: Usually neither interviewer nor client has any influence over office settings.
A: The interviewer, with sensitivity to the individual client's needs.
Which of the following would NOT be included in the closing stage of the intervention? A) Reassuring and supporting the client. B) Applying a new intervention. C) Summaring crucial themes. D) Guiding and empowering the client. E) Instilling hope.
B) Applying a new intervention.
What are the two primary functions or goals of clinical interviewing? A) Testing and Assessment B) Assessment and Helping C) Case Formulation and Referral D) Listening and Talking E) Intervention and Disposition.
B) Assessment and Helping
When unknowledgeable about relevant cultural information, therapist should? A) Feel free to ask their clients as much as they need to. B) Be sensitive to the client's level of patience and use other sources of information as well. C) Never use clients as a source of information; use other sources exclusively. D) Discretely contact the individual's family for answers and hope the client does not find out. E) Both C and D.
B) Be sensitive to the client's level of patience and use other sources of information as well.
The process of assessment + diagnosis + treatment plan + goal attainment is: A) Straightforward and linear B) Complex and not perfectly linear or unidimensional C) Unrelated to clinical interviewing D) Exclusively relegated to session 2 E) None of the above.
B) Complex and not perfectly linear or unidimensional
A positive working relationship has a better chance of being developed between interviewer and client if, during the initial interview, the interviewer: A) Identifies the most appropriate intervention technique to use with the client. B) Focuses on how to be with the client instead of what to do with the client. C) Assures the client that his or her problems will be solved. D) Gives good advice to the client demonstrate competence and experience. E) Provides his or her services for free.
B) Focuses on how to be with the client instead of what to do with the client.
In Asian cultures, what does filial piety refer to? A) Wealth being handed down to the first-born son. B) Honoring and obeying those hierarchically above you. C) Respecting the male members of the household. D) A collectivist orientation. E) None of the above is correct.
B) Honoring and obeying those hierarchically above you.
Which of the following is/are true? A) All American Indians are highly spiritually oriented. B) Many Native American cultures emphasize generosity and non-materialism. C) Machismo is a central concept in American Indian culture. D) A and B are true. E) None of the above is true.
B) Many Native American cultures emphasize generosity and non-materialism.
Foley and Sharf identified five important parts of a clinical interview; they include all of the following EXCEPT: A) Putting the clients at ease. B) Structuring and determining outcomes. C) Eliciting information. D) Maintaining rapport. E) Brining closure.
B) Structuring and determining outcomes.
Developing cultural self-awareness can be especially challenging from members of what culture? A) The minority culture. B) The dominate culture. C) The majority culture. D) Developing self-awareness is equally difficult for members of any culture. E) None of the above.
B) The dominate culture.
Regardless of their theoretical orientation, what do almost all counselors and psychotherapist agree on? A) The Need for structured interviewing style. B) The importance of developing a positive relationship with clients. C) The importance of obtaining diagnostic information as soon as possible. D) The need for the client to modify his or her worldview to fit the interviewer's perspective. E) None of the above.
B) The importance of developing a positive relationship with clients.
The authors note that ".....when done well, clinical assessments is or can be" A) Problematic B) Therapeutic C) Enigmatic D) Theoretical E) Pragmatic
B) Therapeutic
Which of the following is true about African American woman? A) They believe a woman's place is in the home. B) They occupy strong roles in the family. C) They have little input in family decision-making. D) They have a lower life-expectancy than African American males. E) All of the above.
B) They occupy strong roles in the family.
Which of the following statements best describes Native Americans' beliefs about time? A) They view time in a linear fashion. B) They're more oriented to the here and now than to the future. C) They believe it is important to always arrive on time for appointments. D) Their beliefs about time parallel those of the dominant white culture. E) Both C and D>
B) They're more oriented to the here and now than to the future.
From a cognitive-behavioral perspective, collaborative goal setting is initiated when the therapist: A) Takes notes of all the concerns the client mentions and then chooses 1 to focus on. B) Works with the client to develop a problem list. C) Therapist listens nondirectively to the client in hopes that the client will identify the specific concerns he/she wants to work on. D) Chooses a goal and then asks the client if she/he is okay with the selection. E) None of the above.
B) Works with the client to develop a problem list.
Which of the following is/are true about note taking during the clinical interview? A: Mental notes are acceptable but writing notes in the client's presence is distracting and should be avoided. B: It should be done with awareness that clients may ask to read what you've written. C: It should be done discretely so clients cannot easily see what you've written. D: None of the above are true. E: Only A and C are true
B: It should be done with awareness that clients may ask to read what you've written.
When using the culturally-specific skill of dynamic sizing, a therapist is: A: Comparing the differences between cultural groups. B: Recognizing when group membership generalizations are appropriate and when they are not. C: Knowing when to come to scientific conclusions about clients. D: All of the above E: Only B and C.
B: Recognizing when group membership generalizations are appropriate and when they are not.
Which organization has an extensive online guide to record keeping? A: The American Psychiatric Association. B: The American Psychological Association. C: The American Counseling Association. D: The National Association of Social Workers. E: None of the above.
B: The American Psychological Association.
Which of the following IS TRUE regarding time management during a clinical interview? A: Boundaries are relative and loose and flexible according to the needs of the moment. B: Time limits should be rather strictly adhered except in emergencies. C: If the client arrives early, then it's a good idea to start the session early. D: It is important to extend the session if you think that the client is on the verge of a breakthrough. E: Time is relative.
B: Time limits should be rather strictly adhered except in emergencies.
Microaggressions refer to? A) Negative thoughts about minority persons that are never enacted. B) Small negative behaviors that have little to no effect on minority persons. C) Brief and commonplace communication of prejudice and discrimination. D) Both A and B E) None of the above.
C) Brief and commonplace communication of prejudice and discrimination.
Which of the following statements is true regarding establishments of common goals during an interview? A) Client insight is often limited, so therapist should trust their own insights. B) Clients and interviewers usually have different and incompatible goals. C) Clients' perspectives should be valued because they are the experts on their own issues. D) If client and interviewer cannot establish common goals, the client should realign his or her goals to match those of the therapist. E) Typically a consultant should be called in to help therapist and client agree on therapy goals.
C) Clients' perspectives should be valued because they are the experts on their own issues.
When scheduling the initial appointment with a client, therapist should? A) Arrange their schedules to fit that of the client. B) Request that clients arrange their schedule to fit the interviewer. C) Collaborate with the client to find a suitable time. D) Ask the client to drop by the office whenever the client is in the area. E) Have the receptionist take care of this detail.
C) Collaborate with the client to find a suitable time.
What is the first skill interviewers should learn in order to conduct effective clinical interviews A) How to focus on their own thoughts. B) How to obtain diagnostic and assessment information about their clients. C) How to quiet themselves and listen to clients. D) How to build rapport with clients. E) How to decided which shoes to war for the 1st interview.
C) How to quiet themselves and listen to clients.
According to Shea, clinical interviews have an inherent sequence. The stages of this sequence include? A) Introduction, ploy, and the theme. B) Theme, body, and termination. C) Introduction, opening, body, closing, termination. D) Opening, closing and theme. E) None the above.
C) Introduction, opening, body, closing, termination.
Which of the following is true about collaborative goal-setting A) Although ideal, it doesn't occur very often because therapists and clients usually disagree on goals. B) It hasn't been the subject of much empirical research. C) It's considered an evidence-based practice. D) It's not conductive to effective problem-solving in therapy. E) None of the above are true.
C) It's considered an evidence-based practice.
Who originally designed a "semi-clinical" interview that included both tightly standardized questions and spontaneous questioning? A) Sigmund Freud. B) Carl Rogers C) Jean Piaget D) Karen Horney E) Constance Fischer
C) Jean Piaget
When a therapist is forming and testing hypotheses rather than coming to premature and faulty conclusions about clients he/she is employing which culturally-specific skill? A) Dynamic sizing B) Developing cultural knowledge C) Scientific mindedness D) Developing self-awareness E) None of the above.
C) Scientific mindedness
Which theoretical orientation views assessments and interventions as inseparable. A) Psychoanalytic B) Person-centered C) Solution-focused D) Cognitive-behavioral E) None of these
C) Solution-focused
Doorknob statements are usually described as? A) Statements made by clients as they enter the room. B) Statements made by clients when they schedule the initial appointment. C) Statements made by clients as they leave the room. D) Statements made by clients that provide an insight or doorway to their unconscious conflicts. E) Statements made by clinicians as clients exit the room.
C) Statements made by clients as they leave the room.
How would Maria convey the Latino principle of personalismo during an interview? A) Express her own unique personality through the interview. B) Using a vocal tone and gestures particular to the client's culture. C) Talking in a casual and friendly way about commonalities between herself and the client. D) Be pointing out differences between herself and the client. E) Both B and D
C) Talking in a casual and friendly way about commonalities between herself and the client.
When should therapist begin when using specific counseling or psychotherapy interventions A) Once they have quieted themselves and listened to the client's communications. B) Once they have developed a positive relationship with their clients. C) Once they have identified their client's needs and therapy goals through a diagnostic assessment. D) All of the above. E) Only A and B.
D) All of the above.
Which of the following are reasons a client and therapist may not agree on therapy goals A) Poor client motivation. B) Questionable therapist motives or insight. C) Social-cultural differences. D) All of the above. E) Non of the above.
D) All of the above.
Which of the following defines the introduction stage? A) It involves first contact. B) It involves the first face-to-face meeting. C) It includes initial rapport-building and putting clients at ease. D) All of the above. E) Only A and B.
D) All of the above.
The most important strong encouragement for working with individuals with disabilities is? A) Competence in working with people with disabilities. B) Sufficient formal education and training related to persons with disabilities. C) An open and accept attitude D) All of the above E) Only A and B
D) All of the above
Which clinician behaviors are linked to the closing stage? A) Reassurance and support. B) A revisiting of role induction. C) Summarizing of crucial themes and issues. D) All of the above. E) only A and B.
D) All of the above
Which of the following is a principle of multicultural competence A) Self-awareness B) Cultural knowlege C) Cultural specific expertise D) All of the above E) Only B and C
D) All of the above
Letting clients struggle with an unstructured opening may be important because? A) It allows you to evaluate their coping skills. B) It allows clients to recover from a faltering start and demonstrate their ability to express themselves. C) It allows you to see how much help clients need in expressing themselves. D) All of the above. E) Non of the above you should not let clients struggle.
D) All of the above.
The ending or termination stage of the clinical interview includes which of the following issues? A) Being able to observe and evaluate the client's termination behavior. B) Watching the clock to make sure there is enough time to terminate on schedule. C) The realization that many client's find termination difficult. D) All of the above. E) None of the above.
D) All of the above.
What are the main reasons why people seek mental health services? A) Personal growth. B) Subjective distress. C) Someone is forcing the issue. D) All of the above. E) Only A and B.
D) All of the above.
Which of the following is the cross-disciplinary mantra for multicultural preparation? A) Multicultural humility precedes multicultural competency. B) Multicultural competency precedes multicultural humility. C) Advocacy is at the heart of multicultural preparation. D) Awareness-knowledge skill-advocacy. E) We all share a common heritage.
D) Awareness-knowledge skill-advocacy.
Which of the following is NOT a way a therapist can show his/her sensitivity toward people with non-heterosexual orientations? A) LGBTQ-friendly pamphlets or literature in the waiting room/office. B) Avoid using gender-specific words indicating the assumption of heterosexuality. C) Ask general questions about romantic relationships or romance in general. D) Encourage the client to come out to his/her family. E) Use gentle exploration to learn more about the client's relationships and family issues.
D) Encourage the client to come out to his/her family.
Ricardo says that his main problem is his chemistry professor. He says that she makes his life miserable on purpose and if he could only change majors or get a different professor his like would be great. Ricardo could be described as a? A) Self-blaming. B) Resilient. C) Internalizing. D) Externalizing. E) Verbose.
D) Externalizing.
Charlar refers to? A) Respect B) Family relationships C) Closeness D) Small talk E) A personal friendly demeanor
D) Small talk
Confidential information may be disclosed for the following situation(s): A: You have the client's permission. B: The client is suicidal and in danger of hurting himself or herself. C: The client is homicidal or a threat to others. D: All of the Above. E: Non of the above. All information disclosed during an interview is confidential.
D: All of the Above.
Which of the following is/are true about written informed consent? A: It helps educate clients about therapy process. B: It can give the client a more favorable impression of the interviewer's expertise. C: It should be written in plain language, as opposed to professional jargon. D: All of the above are true. E: Only A and B are true.
D: All of the above are true.
Multicultural humility includes which of the following? A: An other-orientation instead of self-orientation. B: Respect for others and their values/ways of being. C: An attitude that includes a lack of superiority. D: All of the above. E: Non of the above.
D: All of the above.
Jessica is working with a young male client. She tends to wear tops that have low necklines and show cleavage. Her supervisor suggest that she avoid showing cleavage during her professional counseling sessions. How should Jessica respond? A: What Jessica wears is her own business. B: Jessica should ask her young male client what he thinks. C: Jessica should accuse her supervisor of sexual harassment. D: Jessica should openly discuss the issue with her supervisor and consider modifying her clothing choices. E: Both A and C are true.
D: Jessica should openly discuss the issue with her supervisor and consider modifying her clothing choices.
Maxwell likes to wear tight shorts when he does counseling. He has a boring and conservative female supervisor who tells him to "dress it up". How should Maxwell respond? A: What Maxwell wears is his own business. B: Maxwell should ask his clients what they think. C: Maxwell should accuse his supervisor of sexual harassment. D: Maxwell should openly discuss the issue with his supervisor and consider modifying his clothing choices. E: Both A and C are true.
D: Maxwell should openly discuss the issue with his supervisor and consider modifying his clothing choices.
Putting the client at ease is an integral part of the therapist's job. Using small talk is one way to accomplish this. Safe and nonjudgmental subjects to talk about with adults include all of the following EXECPT? A) Recent news events B) Sporting events C) Clothing they are wearing D) The weather E) All of the above are safe topics to broach with adults.
E) All of the above are safe topics to broach with adults.
During the introduction stage, clients should be informed of everything EXCEPT with of the following? A) The length of the session. B) Your credentials. C) The limits of confidentiality. D) The purpose of the interview. E) All of these are part of the introduction stage.
E) All of these are part of the introduction stage.
Clinical interviewing may also be known as: A) Intake B) Initial C) Psychiatric D) Diagnostic E) All of these are types of interviews.
E) All of these are types of interviews.
Maria is interviewing a new client who has deep religious faith She should be sure to? A) Being with a debate regarding her client's faith. B) Ignore issues of spirituality or religion. C) Disclosure own faith immediately. D) Let the client know that faith is irrelevant to therapy. E) None of the above.
E) None of the above.
Stereotyping is: A) A natural but inadvisable phenomenon. B) Unavoidable C) Avoidable in all circumstances D) All of the above E) Only A and B
E) Only A and B
Ethical professional relationships include which of the following A) Informed consent. B) Compensation for services. C) Minimal relationship boundaries. D) All of the above. E) Only A and B.
E) Only A and B.
Miguel is working with a client who is very verbal. What might he try to control the client's verbal output? A) Use psychoeducation B) Directly tell the client to be quiet C) Progressively ask more closed questions D) All of the above E) Only A and C
E) Only A and C
Quieting yourself in an interview is important because A) It helps clients open up and express themselves B) It allows you to focus more clearly on your own thoughts. C) It allows you to listen well to the clients. D) All above are correct. E) Only A and C are correct.
E) Only A and C are correct.
Which of the following might contribute to negative outcomes A) When clinicians are overconfident. B) When clinicians conduct reasonably through assessments. C) When clinicians feel pressured to fix clients' problems quickly. D) All of the above. E) Only A and C.
E) Only A and C.
In a clinical interview, the physical surrounding: A: Is not an important factor. B: Should provided privacy and freedom from distraction. C: Is important and should not be underestimated. D: Both A and B are true. E: Both B and C are true.
E: Both B and C are true.
Which of the following statements is most true about therapists' sexual attraction to clients? A: It's a sign of positive countertransference and should be explored directly with clients. B: It's almost a universal phenomenon. C: Saying to a client "I feel sexually attracted to you" is NOT recommended. D: You should keep it to yourself and definitely don't tell your supervisor. E: Both B and C are true.
E: Both B and C are true.
You're taking notes and your client, Caitlin, asks if she can see them What's your best option? A: Just say no. B: Quickly stop taking notes and pull them away. C: Let her know that the notes are for your benefit and shouldn't mean anything to her. D: Interpret her curiosity as paranoia. E: Let her see your notes.
E: Let her see your notes.
Which of the following is a culture-skill essential for mental health professionals? A: Scientific mindedness. B: Dynamic sizing C: Speaking multiple languages. D: All of the above E: Only A and B
E: Only A and B
Stereotyping is: A: A natural, but inadvisable phenomenon B: Unavoidable C: Avoidable in all circumstances. D: All of the above E: Only A and B.
E: Only A and B.
