Exam 1 DHN 101 UKY
Gram to Kcal conversions
1 gram Kcal Carbs 4 Protein 4 Fat 9
.com
A commercial website contains ads
.gov
A government health agency website
Placebo
A harmless pill, medicine, or procedure prescribed more for the psychological benefit to the patient than for any physiological effect.
.edu
A nationally accredited university
.org
A nationally recognized health association website
sustainable agriculture
Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution, typically by rotating soil- restoring crops with cash crops and reducing in-puts of fertilizer and pesticides.
Which of the following substances is insoluble in water?
Fat
FDA
Food and Drug Administration
Serving Sizes
Fruit: 1/2 dried fruit Carbs: 1 slice of bred, 1/2 cups of pasta Veg: 1 cup raw, 2 cups uncooked leafy greens Protein: 1 egg, 1/4 tbs peanut butter, 1/4 cup tofu Dairy: 1 cup plain yogurt, 1.5 ounces natural cheese
Steps of the Scientific Method
Identify problem, Form Hypothesis, Collect Data, Analyze Data, Form Conclusions
Chyme
In the stomach, food becomes a watery mixture that is called chyme
Peristalsis
Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.
SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program)
Low income families may apply to receive help in purchasing groceries
regulations with which dietary supplement manufacturers must comply
Manufacturers must notify the FDA and provide the agency with information about the safety of any supplement that contains dietary ingredients that were not marketed in dietary supplements prior to 1994, unless the substance had been used in foods. Manufacturers must provide the FDA with scientific evidence indicating their products provide measurable health benefits.
NSLP (National School Lunch Program)
Nutrition based assistance for low income school children
Antioxidants
Organic molecules that help protect the body from harmful chemicals called free radicals
Carbohydrates
Provide a source of energy
Nutrients
Substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy
Nucleus, Protons
The central part of the atom, the nucleus, contains the positively charged particles called protons
pyloric sphincter
The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which the watery food mixture leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine
Electrons
The small, negatively charged particles that form a cloud surrounding the central part of the atom are called electrons
hydrochloric acid
The stomach also produces hydrochloric acid, which is important for the digestion of protein.
Gastric
The term gastric refers to the stomach
Element
There are over 100 types of atoms, each one is a(n) element, a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or physical means.
Molecule
When atoms are bonded together, the resulting structure is called a(n) molecule
Meals on Wheels
a community-supported nutrition program in which prepared meals are delivered to elders in their homes, usually by volunteers
lacteal
a lymph tubule located in the villus that absorbs fatty acids
WIC (Women, Infants, and Children)
a program that provides help for nutrition and health care to low-income women, infants, and children up to age 5
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
a set of recommendations for healthful eating and active living
kilocalorie
a unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories
Testimonial
attempts to persuade the reader by using a famous person to endorse a product or idea
Three parts of grain kernel
bran, germ, endosperm
phytochemical examples
calcium,
empty calories
calories that come from foods that offer few, if any, nutrients
A ______ transports lipids in the bloodstream.
chylomicron
retrospective study
data are collected from the past by going back in time
alternative health care practices
drinking teas, melatonin, acupuncture, massage therapy, crystals, chiropractic
A salt forms when an _______ combines with a _______.
enzyme, mineral
MyPlate 5 food groups
fruit, grain, veg, protein, dairy
Water
helps eliminate waste
Organic food does not have:
hormones, preservatives, pesticides, genetic modification
The stomach secretes _______.
hydrochloric acid
essential nutrients
nutrients necessary for normal body functioning that must be obtained from food
dietary supplements
pills, liquids, or powders that contain purified nutrients or other ingredients
Proteins
provide a source of energy, regulates body processes
Minerals
regulate body processes
Vitamins
regulate body processes
deficiency disease
state of health that occurs when a nutrient is missing from the diet
EER (estimated energy requirement)
the average dietary energy intake that is predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult
Epidemology
the branch of medicine that investigates the causes and conditions of epidemics
diet
the foods and beverages a person eats and drinks
Which of the following substances has the lowest pH?
tomatos
Nutritional standards are not
used to develop food formulas