Exam 1 DHN 101 UKY

Gram to Kcal conversions

1 gram Kcal Carbs 4 Protein 4 Fat 9

.com

A commercial website contains ads

.gov

A government health agency website

Placebo

A harmless pill, medicine, or procedure prescribed more for the psychological benefit to the patient than for any physiological effect.

.edu

A nationally accredited university

.org

A nationally recognized health association website

sustainable agriculture

Farming methods that preserve long-term productivity of land and minimize pollution, typically by rotating soil- restoring crops with cash crops and reducing in-puts of fertilizer and pesticides.

Which of the following substances is insoluble in water?

Fat

FDA

Food and Drug Administration

Serving Sizes

Fruit: 1/2 dried fruit Carbs: 1 slice of bred, 1/2 cups of pasta Veg: 1 cup raw, 2 cups uncooked leafy greens Protein: 1 egg, 1/4 tbs peanut butter, 1/4 cup tofu Dairy: 1 cup plain yogurt, 1.5 ounces natural cheese

Steps of the Scientific Method

Identify problem, Form Hypothesis, Collect Data, Analyze Data, Form Conclusions

Chyme

In the stomach, food becomes a watery mixture that is called chyme

Peristalsis

Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food moving along in one direction through the digestive system.

SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program)

Low income families may apply to receive help in purchasing groceries

regulations with which dietary supplement manufacturers must comply

Manufacturers must notify the FDA and provide the agency with information about the safety of any supplement that contains dietary ingredients that were not marketed in dietary supplements prior to 1994, unless the substance had been used in foods. Manufacturers must provide the FDA with scientific evidence indicating their products provide measurable health benefits.

NSLP (National School Lunch Program)

Nutrition based assistance for low income school children

Antioxidants

Organic molecules that help protect the body from harmful chemicals called free radicals

Carbohydrates

Provide a source of energy

Nutrients

Substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy

Nucleus, Protons

The central part of the atom, the nucleus, contains the positively charged particles called protons

pyloric sphincter

The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which the watery food mixture leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine

Electrons

The small, negatively charged particles that form a cloud surrounding the central part of the atom are called electrons

hydrochloric acid

The stomach also produces hydrochloric acid, which is important for the digestion of protein.

Gastric

The term gastric refers to the stomach

Element

There are over 100 types of atoms, each one is a(n) element, a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or physical means.

Molecule

When atoms are bonded together, the resulting structure is called a(n) molecule

Meals on Wheels

a community-supported nutrition program in which prepared meals are delivered to elders in their homes, usually by volunteers

lacteal

a lymph tubule located in the villus that absorbs fatty acids

WIC (Women, Infants, and Children)

a program that provides help for nutrition and health care to low-income women, infants, and children up to age 5

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

a set of recommendations for healthful eating and active living

kilocalorie

a unit of energy equal to 1,000 calories

Testimonial

attempts to persuade the reader by using a famous person to endorse a product or idea

Three parts of grain kernel

bran, germ, endosperm

phytochemical examples

calcium,

empty calories

calories that come from foods that offer few, if any, nutrients

A ______ transports lipids in the bloodstream.

chylomicron

retrospective study

data are collected from the past by going back in time

alternative health care practices

drinking teas, melatonin, acupuncture, massage therapy, crystals, chiropractic

A salt forms when an _______ combines with a _______.

enzyme, mineral

MyPlate 5 food groups

fruit, grain, veg, protein, dairy

Water

helps eliminate waste

Organic food does not have:

hormones, preservatives, pesticides, genetic modification

The stomach secretes _______.

hydrochloric acid

essential nutrients

nutrients necessary for normal body functioning that must be obtained from food

dietary supplements

pills, liquids, or powders that contain purified nutrients or other ingredients

Proteins

provide a source of energy, regulates body processes

Minerals

regulate body processes

Vitamins

regulate body processes

deficiency disease

state of health that occurs when a nutrient is missing from the diet

EER (estimated energy requirement)

the average dietary energy intake that is predicted to maintain energy balance in a healthy adult

Epidemology

the branch of medicine that investigates the causes and conditions of epidemics

diet

the foods and beverages a person eats and drinks

Which of the following substances has the lowest pH?

tomatos

Nutritional standards are not

used to develop food formulas