Exam 1- Human Physiology & Anatomy Practice Exam
The innermost electron shell in an atom holds up to ________ electrons and the outermostshell holds up to ___________.
2,8
If a response increases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.
positive
The nucleus of an atoms consists of
protons & neutrons
The ankle is _____ to the toes.
proximal
Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) ________ that detects a particular stimulus, anda(n) ________ that responds to the stimulus by communicating with a(n) ________ whoseactivity has an effect on the same stimulus.
receptor; control center (integrating center); effector
Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?
sagittal
Damage to a joint cartilage is affecting which type of tissue?
supporting connective
The reactions N2 + 3 H2 → 2 NH3 is an example of a(n)
synthesis reaction
As each codon arrives at the active site of a ribosome, it attracts another molecule containingthe anticodon. This molecule is called
tRNA
In hydrolysis reactions, compounds react with
water, causing decomposition
The mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence ATC on DNA is
UAG
Which of the following is a type of secretion in which some cytoplasm is lost with theproduct?
apocrine
Which of the following tissues fills internal spaces and provides structural support?
connective tissue
Before the mRNA transcribed from a gene can be used to translate into a protein, it must be
edited to remove introns and transported into the cytoplasm
Ionic bonds are formed when
electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another
________ secrete hormones and prohormones in the interstitial fluid, which later enters blood.
endocrine glands
Which of the following produces majority of the ATP for the cell?
mitochondria
If a response decreases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ____ feedback system.
negative
The center of an atom is called the
nucleus
The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by the
outermost electron shell
Cartilage is separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous what?
perichondrium
Which of the following organelles neutralizes toxic compound during cell metabolism?
peroxisome
Which of the following cytoskeleton components moves the chromosomes during cell division?
centrioles
The enzyme ____is required for the synthesis of mRNA
RNA polymerase
A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the ________ position.
anatomical
Explain the link between anatomy and physiology
anatomy is the study of internal and external body structures; physiology is the study of how living organisms perform their vital functions
In an aqueous solution, cations are attracted toward
anions
A mature red blood cell lacks a nucleus. Thus, it
cannot make new proteins and will be worn out within a few months.
Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria while others have relatively few or none. This suggests that
cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a high energy demand
Providing strength and moving materials within the cell is a function of the filaments and ____
cytoskeleton
Which of the following tissues covers and protects exposed surface areas of the body?
epithelial tissue
The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is called
homeostasis
Which type of connective tissue is found between the ribs and the sternum, or supporting the trachea?
hyaline cartilage
Growth of cartilage by accumulation of matrix around chondrocytes is called ________growth.
interstitial
A molecule of ______ contains all the codons needed to produce a particular polypeptide.
mRNA
The body's most delicate type of epithelium is the ________ epithelium.
simple squamous
If one pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms, a ____ occurs.
single polar covalent bond
________ are transmembrane proteins that connect two cell membranes together.
tight junctions
