Exam #1 - IV Therapy

A patient is being admitted with dehydration due to nausea and vomiting. Which fluid would you expect the patient to be started on?

0.9% Normal Saline

Which condition below would lead to cell lysis, if not properly monitored?

Hypotonicity

When the cell presents with the same concentration on the inside and outside with no shifting of fluids this is called?

Isotonic

The nurse notes that the site of a client's peripheral IV catheter is reddened, warm, painful, and slightly edematous proximal to the insertion point of the IV catheter. After taking appropriate steps to care for the client, the nurse documents in the medical record that the client experienced:

Phlebitis of the vein

Which solution below is NOT a hypertonic solution?

0.33% saline (1/3 NS)

What fluids remove water from the extracellular space into the intracellular space?

HYPOTONIC fluids cause shifting of water from the extracellular space to the intracellular space (not isotonic)

What are the signs of infiltration?

Cool, blanching (pale from fluid leaking into subcutaneous tissue), edema, solution leaking around IV

Which of the following is not a hypertonic fluid?

D5W (dextrose in 5% water)

The nurse is preparing a continuous IV infusion at the medication cart. As the nurse goes to attach the distal end of the IV tubing to a needleless device, the exposed tubing drops and hits the top of the medication cart. Which of the following is the appropriate action by the nurse?

Obtain a new IV tubing

When administering a hypertonic solution the nurse should closely watch for?

Pulmonary Edema

What are the signs of phlebitis?

Warm, redness at site, pain at sitel, edema

A physician has written a prescription to discontinue an IV line. The nurse obtains which of the following supplies from the unit supply area for applying pressure to the site after removing the IV catheter?

Sterile 2x2 Gauze

The nurse anticipates that which IV solution will most likely be prescribed to increase intravascular volume, replace immediate blood loss volume, and increase blood pressure?

5% dextrose in Lactated Ringers (LR)

What solutions cause cell dehydration and help increase fluid in the extracellular space?

Hypertonic

What type of fluid would a patient with severe hyponatremia (low sodium level in blood) most likely be started on?

Hypertonic Solution

A patient with cerebral edema would most likely be ordered what type of solution?

Hypertonic; The solution would remove water from the brain cells back into the intravascular system to be excreted

A client rings the call bell and complains of pain at the site of an IV infusion. The nurse assesses the site and determines that phlebitis has developed. The nurse should take which actions in the care of this client?

Notify physician, remove IV catheter at site, apply moist warm pack to site, document the occurrence, the actions taken, and the clients response.

Which patient below would NOT be a candidate for a hypotonic solution?

Patient with increased intracranial pressure

The doctor orders an isotonic fluid for a patient. Which of the following is not an isotonic fluid?

0.45% Saline