Exam 1 study guide
What is the minimum pilot crew operating an aircraft with an approved and authorized autopilot under Part 135 in a Category I operation?
1
What is the minimum flight hours needed to be a restricted airline transport pilot certificate?
1,250 hours for Associate degree graduates 1,000 hours for 4-year Aviation University graduates 750 hours for Military
What FAA Advisory Circular best describes an air carrier CASS
120-79 as amended
A CASS is required by FAA regulations?
135 121
Under what regulation in the 14 CFR can the Operation Specifications be changed?
14 CFR - 119.51
When is the Part 121 supplemental air carrier required to carry a maintenance manual on board the aircraft?
14 CFR §121.139 requires supplemental air carriers to have a copy of the entire manual aboard the aircraft for the use by the contract personnel at those locations. By the nature of supplemental operations, these air carriers don't operate to the same locations on a repetitive basis, so this ensures a manual will be accessible to the maintenance personnel
What is the minimum pilot crew operating under Part 121?
2
If a Part 121 supplemental carrier has issued its maintenance manual using microfiche or a computer file format and must carry it on the aircraft, what must also be carrier aboard the aircraft?
A compatible reading device produce a legible image of the maintenance information and instructions
A flight follower differs from an aircraft dispatcher in that ___
A flight follower is not required to be a certified airman.
A domestic carrier must get an air carrier certificate prior to operations this is ___
A safety issue required by the FAA
What is the role of active flight control in an airline?
Active flight control is the part of the airline organization that oversees the tactical operation of the airline
What are some Maintenance Elements that CASS follows:
Air Carriers Maintenance airworthiness responsibility, Maintenance Manual, Maintenance organization, Accomplishment and approval of maintenance and alterations, Maintenance Schedule, Required Inspection Items (RII), Record Keeping systems, Contract Maintenance Providers, Maintenance Personnel Training Program
Holding out to the public would include ___
All the Above
Ops Specs must contain the following ____
All the above
What is a No Fault Found case?
An occurrence of a reported fault that cannot be duplicated and nor cannot be fixed
Where must an air carrier maintain a complete copy of the section 121.133 manual(s)?
At the carrier's principal base of operations
Where must an airline keep a formal copy of the Operation Specification?
At the carrier's principal base of operations
To apply for restricted airline transport pilot (R-ATP), an applicant must ____
Be at least 21 years old and hold a commercial pilot certificate with an instruments rating.
To apply for an air transport pilot (ATP) certificate, an applicant must ___
Be at least 23 years old and hold a commercial pilot certificate with an instruments rating.
The concept of Common carriage is derived from ___
British common law
The 10 elements required for an air carrier maintenance program (AC 120-16) are; airworthiness, air carrier maintenance manual, air carrier maintenance organization, accomplishment and approval of maintenance and alteration, maintenance schedule, required inspections items, maintenance recordkeeping systems, maintenance providers, personnel training, and ____
CASS
As a commercial pilot, acting individually and without further certificates, you may ____
Charge a gas company to perform pipeline aerial spotter patrols
What positions in an air carrier require an FAA airman certificate?
Cockpit crewmembers, dispatchers, and mechanics require an FAA certificate. (14 CFR §121.383, 63.3, 65.5, 65.111)
Which air carrier personnel are required to carry an FAA airman certificate on his/her person when performing the tasks which require the certificate?
Cockpit crewmembers, mechanics and dispatchers are required to carry, on their person, the appropriate FAA certificate when engaged in operations covered under 14 CFR Parts 121 or 135. (14 CFR §§121.383, 63.3, 65.5, 65.111)
A commuter operation is one that ___
Conducts Scheduled operations (5 or more round trips) per week in a non-turbojet aircraft, which have 9 or fewer passenger seats or a payload of 7,500 pounds or less.
A supplemental operation is one that ____
Conducts charter type (non-scheduled) operations using aircraft having more than 30 seats and/or with more than 7,500 pounds of payload capacity.
What does the acronym CASS stand for?
Continuing Analysis and surveillance system.
What is the minimum required management positions (Part 121) must be filled by the mechanic holding an airframe and powerplant certificate (A&P)?
Director of Maintenance and Chief Inspector
What required management position is responsible for for the overall operational control of an air carrier's flight?
Director of Operations
If an air carrier conducts any operation in which the pilot-in-command is required to hold an airline transport certificate, what two required management positions, for both part 121 and part 135 air carriers, must be filled by a pilot holding an air transport pilot certificate (ATP)?
Director of Operations and Chief Pilot
As per Part 135 requirements found in 14 CFR §119.69, what three specific management position are required for a part 135 carrier?
Director of Operations, Chief Pilot, & Director of Maintenance.
What are the required management positions under 14 CFR part 135?
Director of Operations, Chief Pilot, Director of Maintenance
As per Part 121 requirements found in 14 CFR §119.65, what five management positions are required for Part 121 air carrier?
Director of Safety, Director of Operations, Chief Pilot, Director of Maintenance, & Chief Inspector
What are the required Management positions under 14 CFR part 121?
Director of Safety, Director of Operations, Chief Pilot, Director of Maintenance, & Chief Inspector
A company must operate under 14 CFR Part 121 if it is ____
Domestic operation
Assume you were found to be operating as an on-demand air carrier but didn't have a operating certificated. The potential for this would be an $11,000 fine for ___
Each provision of Part 135 applicable to each flight conducted
To be employed as a pilot by a Part 121 air carrier, what pilot certificate must you hold?
Either a restricted airline transport pilot certificate or an airline transport pilot certificate (14 CFR §§61.160[g][h], 121.436[a])
Flight attendant are required to carry a FAA certificate of demonstrated proficiency on his/her person when performing their job functions.
False
The certificate holders use of CASE should function as a standalone program
False
While a CASS program is required for a part 121 air carrier maintenance program, Part 135 operators are not REQUIRED to have a CASS for their Maintenance programs.
False (See FAR 135.431)
Resource Management Systems cannot track inventory but can track employee times on multiple work orders.
False - They can track almost everything, including inventory, P/n, S/n, etc...
Which manual would contain guidance on passenger handling policies?
Ground operations manual
What is the purpose of an IEP?
It is a tool used to assist in running the airline more effectively and efficiently through continual analysis
A copy of the ops specs must be maintained by the carrier at ___
Its principal place of operations.
Which of the following is not required to be in a domestic carrier's ops specs?
Names and addresses of the five largest shareholders.
What is the mandatory requirement age for all pilots in Part 121 operations?
No person may serve as a pilot on an airplane engaged in operations under Part 121 if that person has reached his/her 65th birthday (14 CFR §121.383)
Are the means described in AC 120-78 the only means accepted by the FAA?
No, they are guidelines recommended by the FAA
Are the approval processes different for E-signature and E-recordkeeping?
No, they both require the same steps: Notify the FAA, Describe the Electronic System, Proceed with FAA approval steps
The director of safety is required to hold which FAA certificates?
None
Which manual must be issued in paper form?
None of the Above
A company operating turbo-propeller aircraft with 8 passenger seats and a payload of 7,000 pounds three times a week between Los Angeles and Mexico City on a scheduled basis would need to hold ___
Part 135 operating certificate (which allows on-demand operations)
That two elements of a maintenance program does the CASS monitor?
Performance (Mechanical) Effectiveness (Paperwork)
An air carrier CASS typically has direct interfaces with the following programs/departments
Reliability Program Maintenance Planning
The basic concept of CASS included that four basic functions?
Surveillance, Analysis, Corrective Action, and Follow Up
What are the 4 major CASS activities?
Surveillance, Analysis, Corrective Action, and Follow Up
During boarding and deplaning of the originating and terminating flights, the FAA requires how many flight attendant be on board the aircraft?
The FAA minimum number of flight attendant required for dispatch must be onboard the aircraft during boarding and deplaning (14 CFR §121.393)
A Flag carrier must use weather sources approved by ___
The administrator of the FAA
Which manuals are required to be carried aboard an air carrier aircraft operated under Part 121?
The airplane flight manual or the company flight manual and the certificate holder's section 121.133 manual parts pertaining to flight operations.
What Part 121 carrier is preparing the required operational manuals, how would you suggest it proceed?
The carrier should contact the FAA office that it will deal with and work collaboratively with a the assigned inspectors.
Which department of an air carrier serves to specifically implement the concept of operational control?
The dispatch center, Flight Control or Flight Following center
14 FAR part 1 defines operational control as ____
The exercise of authority over initiating, conducting, or terminating a flight(14 CFR §1.1)
Operational control of a flight refers to ___
The exercise of authority over initiating, conducting, or terminating a flight(14 CFR §1.1)
Which manuals must be used by a part 121 carrier to provide ground service crews the necessary information about procedures to use for a particular ground operational situation such as refueling an aircraft with passengers abroad?
The general operations manual
What process is used to ensure that any given manual is properly maintained and contains up-to-date information?
The manual(s) must contain a revisions control page that shows the effective dates on page
Why should airlines use SOS programs?
To overcome NFF cases and unnecessary TAT cycles
Private carriage is distinguished from common carriage primarily by
Transportation (carriage) on one or very few number of parties
Resource Management Systems can restrict a scheduled flight of a specific aircraft.
True
The CASE data center is an electronic data collection and dissemination tool
True
Which best describes the concepts of operational control?
Under routine operations, the flight is conducted under control and through consensus with the appropriate authority within the company. In emergency situations, it is conducted in this manner to the extent possible, subject to the captain's emergency authority.
A domestic, flag or commuter carriers ops specs are valid ___
Until the carrier fails to conduct the kind of approved operation for 30 days and doesn't give the FAA 5 days notice before resuming operations.
If you were a ramp service supervisor for Aeromech Airlines, where would you look to find the loading instructions (procedures) for how to load a particular A-320-232 aircraft?
Volume 3 of the Flight Crew Operations Manual (FCOM)
What questions should the maintenance programs/manuals address?
What to do, when to do it, how to do it, and was it done properly
How many flight attendants are required for an aircraft that has a payload capacity of less than 7,500 and is equipped with 19 passenger seats?
Zero flight attendants are required.
Collection and analyzing data from maintenance related delays and cancellations, failure rates of parts and components, discrepancy rates of aircraft following heave maintenance and trend analysis is associated with CASS required element of ___
effectiveness
If an aircraft operated in Part 121 is certified with 275 seats, but only 249 passengers are aboard for particular flight, how many flight attendants are required?
six flights attendants are required. (14 CFR §121.391)
What is a Domestic Operation?
Any scheduled operation that is operated entirely within the 48 contiguous United States.
Internal Evaluation Programs TYPICALLY report through the safety department in an air carrier organization.
True
Where is the required content of operations specification for a commuter or on-demand operation found?
14 CFR 119 (14 CFR§119.49)
The FAA instituted which part of the 1996 to further bring air carriers of tob parts 121 and 135 under the umbrella of "One level of Safety?"
14 CFR Part 119
What are the four elements to defining a common carrier?
A holding out (advertise) of a willingness to Transport persons or property From place to place For compensation
What is Common (public) carriage?
A person or company who will carry anyone so long as they have the money to pay the fare
What is a Direct Air Carrier?
A person who provides or offers to provide air transportation and who has control over the operation functions performed in providing that transportation.
What is an Air Carrier?
A person who undertakes directly by lease, or other arrangement, to engage in air transportation.
What is a Commercial Operator?
A person who, for compensation or hire, engages in the carriage by aircraft in air commerce of persons or property
Do we have to follow FAA guidelines in order to comply with maintenance requirements?
An Acceptable Means of compliance (AMC) can be used in lieu of regulations
What is Private Carriage?
Carriage arranged by two parties, gratuitous or for hire.
What is a Commuter Operation?
Conducts Scheduled operations (5 or more round trips) per week in a non-turbojet aircraft, which have 9 or fewer passenger seats or a payload of 7,500 pounds or less.
What is a Supplemental Operation?
Conducts charter type (non-scheduled) operations, uses aircraft with more than 30 seats, or an aircraft with more than 7,5000 pounds payload capacity.
What is an On-Demand Operation?
Conducts non-scheduled operations in aircraft of 30 seats or less if the common carriage or 20 seats or less if non-common carriage.
What is the Acronym for CASE?
Coordinating Agency for Supplied Evaluation
An IEP can be utilized in an evaluation of ___
Flight operations Human resources Finance Flight Attendant Training
What is the advantage of having an IEP for the air carrier
Helps improve weak areas in the organization Higher level reporting bigger scope saves money.
How doe IEP differ from CASS?
IEP has higher level reporting, and a bigger scope. CASS is just maintenance, IEP is everything
What does IEP stand for?
Internal Evaluation Program
What is Air Transportation?
Interstate, overseas or foreign air transportation or transportation of mail by aircraft.
What is a Flag Operation?
Operates between any point within the 48 contiguous United States and any point outside the 48 contiguous United States
Operating under 14 CFR Part 121 ___
Requires the carrier to comply with Part 91 was well as Part 121 unless the requirements.
What is Carriage?
The act of carrying or transporting persons
An IEP typically reports to a very high level of senior management
True
IEP often included the use of external regulations such as FARs OSHA, IOSA standards, DoD standards, ICAO standards, ISO 9001 Standards, etc.
True
Internal Evaluation Programs are Voluntary
True
An IEP is more limited in scope than CASS
false
IEP scope often includes organizational management, flight operations and dispatch, station operations, onboard service, aircraft maintenance, security and ground handling.
true
Part 121 air carriers must have a the ability to communicate with a flight crew ___
At any point in the route structure in a rapid and reliable fashion (14 CFR §121.99)
How does an air carrier asses whether they are performing (executing) their maintenance program within the CASS?
Audits
The Starting point for a new Part 121 domestic carrier in setting up ops specs is to ___
First contact a representative of the national certification team.
In analyzing a situation in which a private pilot is accused of acting illegally as a common carrier, the FAA will, among other tests, look to see if the pilot ___
Had an independent interest in taking the trip.
Which of the following is not an element of the common carriage?
Having a License or certificate.
To serve as a first officer (SIC) in Part 121 air carrier operations, a pilot must ___
Hold an R-ATP certificate, with type rating for the aircraft flown; and hold at least a second-class medical certificate.
The Purpose for Operations specifications is for the company to ____
Identify to the FAA and itself how it intends to comply with specific provisions of the FARs. It is available as guidance to all affected employees, management, and the FAA.
What are the 2 types of audits and who does it apply to?
Internal audits are handled within the company. External audits are meant for outside companies that provide parts and services to the air carrier
What is the difference in the two elements described in #2 above?
Mechanical error is Human factors Effectiveness error is training, job cards, data collection & analysis, trend analysis
Situation: A mechanic is following a task card and following the maintenance, an error is discovered. An audit is conducted to determine root cause. If it was an error created by the mechanic, it would be a deficiency related to the ____ element of the CASS. If it was a task card issue that caused the error, it would be a deficiency related to the ___ element of the CASS and if it was a training issued that caused the error, it would be a deficiency to the ___ element in CASS.
Performance Effectiveness Effectiveness
What is the difference between a Quality control program and a quality assurance program?
Quality Control is part of CASS, and will accept/reject good part/bad part Quality Assurance looks at the process. Why did a part fail?
The "5 Why" Ishakawa/ "Fishbone" and "Taproot" are concepts used in determining ____ when applied to CASS
Root cause of discrepancy or deficiency.
Production of ops specs are not automated by the FAA through the use of what amounts to a punch card system. By doing this, the FAA intends that the ops specs of each carrier be ___
Standard in form and language but tailored to suit the individual, specific needs of each carrier.
What are the basic design elements of the CASS process?
Surveillance, Analysis, Corrective Action, and Follow Up
What manuals are required to be aboard a Part 121 air carrier aircraft engaged in supplemental operations?
The AFM or CFM and the entire 14 CFR §121.133 manual including all of its subparts.
Ultimately, who is responsible for completed maintenance on the aircraft?
The Air Carrier is responsible for any and all completed maintenance
Operational control is a concept that ____
The Carrier, not the crew, is the final determinant of how the aircraft is operated.
Which act raised the mandatory retirement age for Part 121 airline pilots to age 65?
The Fair Treatment for Experienced Pilots act.
Where would a Part 121 Pilot or dispatcher look to find the procedures to use in planning a flight that is forecast to have icing and fery turbulent weather conditions?
The Flight operations manual required by 14 CFR §121.133
CASS requirements applies to maintenance performed by the air carrier and anyone that performs maintenance for the air carrier
true
