Exam 1

Managerial Grid mapped scores related to concern for production and concern for people; scores ranged from

1 to 9

Six Sigma set of techniques and tools to process management decisions designed to improve quality control. The goal is to achieve ___ millions

3.4

Pareto Principle

80% of quality defects caused by 20% of the causes

Team Learning

Ability to engage in dialogue among team members so that the team can recognize patterns that hinder their productivity

Systems Thinking

Ability to see the organization as a system, to see how parts interrelate and affect one another and to see how structures and systems influence behavior

Burke-Litwin Model

Arrows indicate the greatest direction of influence among the variables, but downward arrows have greater influence on lower boxes than do the upward arrows to the variables above them

Invisible features on Iceberg

Beliefs, Perceptions, Shared Assumptions, Tradition, Norms, Unwritten Rules, Stories, Feelings

Behavior change grid least favored color

Black

What is the backdrop and purpose of OD?

Change

Unfreezing

Creating motivation and readiness to change

Episodic

Defined as distinct periods of change, usually infrequent and explicitly defined

Process of learning occurs in which we question or modify policies., objectives and practices to prevent errors the next time

Double-loop learning

Burke-Litwin Model of organizational change and performance improved upon previous models because this casual model can be

Empirically tested

Term refers to the individuals involvement and satisfaction with as well as enthusiasm for work

Employee engagement

___ values are what an organization says it values while ___ varies are those that are actually exhibited

Espoused / Enacted

Systems Theory

Examines relationships between components of a organization

Double-loop learning

Failure prevents

___ change consists of incremental modifications that make sense within an established framework or method of operating

First-order

Practitioners

Help executives with vision, mission statements, values and strategic planning implementations

Organizational culture consists both visible and invisible factors and is similar to

Iceberg

At the core of the Nadler-Tushman Congruence Model is the assumption that ___

Interaction among organizations components is more critical than the characteristics of the components themselves

Herzberg research suspected that ___ was not opposite of ___

Job satisfaction / Job dissatisfaction

Building Shared Vision

Leadership ability and responsibility to rally organizational members around a single vision that motivates action

Mental Models

Learning to recognize the unarticulated ideas and ideologies that comprise our worldviews and color our interpretations

Change carried out through OD is intended to be ___ and ___

Long-term/permanent

Tool Kits are

More of a procedure not a set of tools to move an entity from point A to point B; requires flexibility

Single-loop learning

Most often rewarded

Two things to make a personal change

Motivation / Ability

Continuous

Organization is never truly out of a state of change and even in minute ways, change is always occuring

Deutero Learning

Organizational members understand how and when they learn and develop and environment in which learning can occur

___ refers to the choice to engage in and commit to a personal vision, goals and development

Personal mastery

Organizational members are conscious and intentional about the changes to be made, this is considered ___ change

Planned

List and element that is not included in contemporary definitions of OD?

Planned, Organization-wide, Managed from the top

List an element that is included in contemporary definitions of OD?

Process oriented, Values driven, Behavioral science knowledge

Behavior change grid most favored color

Purple

Social Construction Theory

Question those "components" as outcomes of our own language

Weisbord Six Box Model is used to illustrate elements of a system that are out of sync with the other parts of the system, often referred to as

Radar screen

Unplanned

Response to an immediate threat or crisis

Lewin's Force Field

Right arrows = promoting change Left arrows = promoting the status quo (resisting change)

Organizational Culture

Shared attitudes, values, beliefs and customs of members of a social unit or organization

Which process of learning refers to correcting mistakes as they occur

Single-loop learning

What are the two theoretical approaches to organizational change and development

System theory / Social construction theory

OD is not always

Top down process

First -order change is considered to be ___ while second-order change is considered to be ___ change

Transactional / Transformational

Visible features on Iceberg

Vision, Strategy, Shared Vales, Structures, Policies, Procedures, Goals