Exam 1
Managerial Grid mapped scores related to concern for production and concern for people; scores ranged from
1 to 9
Six Sigma set of techniques and tools to process management decisions designed to improve quality control. The goal is to achieve ___ millions
3.4
Pareto Principle
80% of quality defects caused by 20% of the causes
Team Learning
Ability to engage in dialogue among team members so that the team can recognize patterns that hinder their productivity
Systems Thinking
Ability to see the organization as a system, to see how parts interrelate and affect one another and to see how structures and systems influence behavior
Burke-Litwin Model
Arrows indicate the greatest direction of influence among the variables, but downward arrows have greater influence on lower boxes than do the upward arrows to the variables above them
Invisible features on Iceberg
Beliefs, Perceptions, Shared Assumptions, Tradition, Norms, Unwritten Rules, Stories, Feelings
Behavior change grid least favored color
Black
What is the backdrop and purpose of OD?
Change
Unfreezing
Creating motivation and readiness to change
Episodic
Defined as distinct periods of change, usually infrequent and explicitly defined
Process of learning occurs in which we question or modify policies., objectives and practices to prevent errors the next time
Double-loop learning
Burke-Litwin Model of organizational change and performance improved upon previous models because this casual model can be
Empirically tested
Term refers to the individuals involvement and satisfaction with as well as enthusiasm for work
Employee engagement
___ values are what an organization says it values while ___ varies are those that are actually exhibited
Espoused / Enacted
Systems Theory
Examines relationships between components of a organization
Double-loop learning
Failure prevents
___ change consists of incremental modifications that make sense within an established framework or method of operating
First-order
Practitioners
Help executives with vision, mission statements, values and strategic planning implementations
Organizational culture consists both visible and invisible factors and is similar to
Iceberg
At the core of the Nadler-Tushman Congruence Model is the assumption that ___
Interaction among organizations components is more critical than the characteristics of the components themselves
Herzberg research suspected that ___ was not opposite of ___
Job satisfaction / Job dissatisfaction
Building Shared Vision
Leadership ability and responsibility to rally organizational members around a single vision that motivates action
Mental Models
Learning to recognize the unarticulated ideas and ideologies that comprise our worldviews and color our interpretations
Change carried out through OD is intended to be ___ and ___
Long-term/permanent
Tool Kits are
More of a procedure not a set of tools to move an entity from point A to point B; requires flexibility
Single-loop learning
Most often rewarded
Two things to make a personal change
Motivation / Ability
Continuous
Organization is never truly out of a state of change and even in minute ways, change is always occuring
Deutero Learning
Organizational members understand how and when they learn and develop and environment in which learning can occur
___ refers to the choice to engage in and commit to a personal vision, goals and development
Personal mastery
Organizational members are conscious and intentional about the changes to be made, this is considered ___ change
Planned
List and element that is not included in contemporary definitions of OD?
Planned, Organization-wide, Managed from the top
List an element that is included in contemporary definitions of OD?
Process oriented, Values driven, Behavioral science knowledge
Behavior change grid most favored color
Purple
Social Construction Theory
Question those "components" as outcomes of our own language
Weisbord Six Box Model is used to illustrate elements of a system that are out of sync with the other parts of the system, often referred to as
Radar screen
Unplanned
Response to an immediate threat or crisis
Lewin's Force Field
Right arrows = promoting change Left arrows = promoting the status quo (resisting change)
Organizational Culture
Shared attitudes, values, beliefs and customs of members of a social unit or organization
Which process of learning refers to correcting mistakes as they occur
Single-loop learning
What are the two theoretical approaches to organizational change and development
System theory / Social construction theory
OD is not always
Top down process
First -order change is considered to be ___ while second-order change is considered to be ___ change
Transactional / Transformational
Visible features on Iceberg
Vision, Strategy, Shared Vales, Structures, Policies, Procedures, Goals