Exam 2
Dankmar Adler and Louis Sullivan Auditorium Building Chicago, 1887-89
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Dankmar Adler and Louis Sullivan Wainwright Building St Louis, 1891 (Curtain wall construction) built a "skeleton" and then can start anywhere, not load baring.
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Ebenezer Howard The Garden City, 1902
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Example of curtain wall construction William Le Baron Jenney, The Fair Store, Chicago, 1890-91;
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Frank Lloyd Wright "A Home in a Prairie Town," Ladies' Home Journal, 1901 A new kind of house: wants to reduce the number of necessary parts of a house, not a fan of the basement, wants to eliminate the decorator.
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Frank Lloyd Wright Darwin Martin House Buffalo, New York, 1904
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Frank Lloyd Wright Larkin Building Buffalo, New York, 1902-06; demolished 1950.
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Frank Lloyd Wright Unity Temple Oak Park, Chicago, 1905-09
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Frank Lloyd Wright Winslow House River Forest, Chicago 1893-94
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Frank Lloyd Wright Wright Home and Studio Oak Park, Chicago, 1889
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Frank Lloyd Wright, Robie House, Chicago, 1908-1909
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Frank Lloyd Wright, Ward Willits House Highland Park, Chicago, 1902
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François Hennebique and E. Arnaud Hennebique Headquarters Paris, 1898
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Gottfried Semper and Carl Hasenauer Kaiserforum centered on the Hofburg Palace (seat of the Emperor of the Austro-Hungarian Empire) Kunsthitorisches Museum in the right foreground on the Ringstrasse 1874-1891
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Gustave Eiffel Eiffel Tower Paris, 1887-89 (For Paris Centennial Exhibition)
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Gustave Eiffel Iron armature of the Statue of Liberty Erected in Paris, 1881-1884 Junction of iron structure and copper skin
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H.H. Richardson Allegheny County Courthouse Pittsburgh, 1885-1887 Rusticated masonry, tall tower in the front for ventilation, connected to the jail in the back, design "paraphrasing the past", reserves his "musical playfulness" in the window design.
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H.H. Richardson Marshall Field Wholesale Goods Store Chicago, 1885-1887 Romanesque revival or Richardsonian Romanesque? Rusticated masonry, designed to look unfinished, rough, handcrafted: "fortress mentality", load baring walls.
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J .P. Gaynor E. V. Haughwout Building Manhattan, 1856 -cast iron components by James Bogardus
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John Wellborn Root and Daniel Burnham with Charles Atwood Reliance Building Chicago, 1890-1894
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Josef Hoffmann Purkersdorf Sanatorium Vienna, 1903-04 mathematical design, slightly ornamented, lots of light, geometric from light fixtures to furniature.
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Josef Maria Olbrich Ernst Ludwig House and Darmstadt artist's colony 1901
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Joseph Maria Olbrich Secession Building Vienna, 1898
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Jules Saulnier Menier Chocolate Factory Noisiel (east of Paris), 1871-72 (Steel Frame)
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Kurt Schwitters Merzbau, 1923-1937 Visually pleasing
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Le Corbusier, Esprit Nouveau Pavilion, Paris Exposition des Arts Décoratifs, 1925
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Louis H. Sullivan Transportation Building World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 1893 Art Nouveau sensibility, separated itself from the other buildings of the white city with its style.
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Otto Wagner Die Großstadt plan 1911.
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Otto Wagner Majolika Haus Vienna, 1898 (Stadtbahn Period) (Ornamentation)
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Otto Wagner Postsparkasse [Postal Savings Bank] Vienna, 1904 Cast iron and glass used for place of business
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Otto Wagner Second Wagner villa Vienna, 1912 flat, plain, little ornamentation, simple geometric pattern
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Otto Wagner Vienna Stadtbahn project 1894-1908 - construction of Stadtbahn with 36 municipal railway stations. Branches along Gürtelstrasse, Wein River 1904 - designation of Forest and Green Ring
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Steel frame construction with fireproofing William Le Baron Jenney, The Fair Store, Chicago, 1890-91;
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The Caribbean Hut - exhibited at the Great Exhibition in London (1851) Published by Gottfried Semper (1803-79) in The Four Elements of Architecture (1851). The four elements are: (1) hearth (2) platform (3) roof and supports (4) non-structural enclosure a) woven rugs b) thatch, etc. In Style in the Technical and Structural Arts, or Practical Aesthetics (1861-63), Semper proposed four essential categories of making artifacts: (1) masonry (stone) (2) molding (clay) (3) carpentry (wood) (4) weaving (textile) (5) metalwork added later]
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Tony Garnier Cité Industrielle theoretical project, 1917 Garnier worked on the project as a student in Rome (from 1899) and first exhibited his ideas in Paris in 1904 Worker housing, apt housing, semi-private blocks, not a lot of external expression.
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Vladimir Tatlin model for Monument to the Third international, 1919-20
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Wagner Karlsplatz Station Vienna, 1898-9 (Stadtbahn Period) 3D and 2D design, fancy for what it is, within the art district, interacts with the vienna secession building.
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William H. Drake and Peter B. Wight Fire-proof iron columns encased in terracotta, 1874
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William Le Baron Jenney First Leiter Building Chicago, 1879
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William LeBaron Jenney Home Insurance Building 1884-85.
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Chicago School
Planes, lines, simple.
De Stijl
Adler & Sullivan Guaranty Building Buffalo, 1895
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Adolf Loos Goldman & Salatsch Building Michaelerplatz, Vienna, 1910 (Structural Honesty) Not much handwork ornament, used the natural design of the materials, showing seams.
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Antonio Sant' Elia Buildings for the Città Nuova Unexecuted projects, 1914 More of a utopian/socialist program, futuristic.
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Auguste Perret Church of Notre Dame Le Raincy, France, 1922-23.
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Burnham and Root Monadnock Block Chicago, 1889-92
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Charles-Edouard Jeanneret (Le Corbusier), Domino house system, patent diagram, 1914
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Chicago Fire, 1871
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Constructivism Constructivist artists had a more utopian, socially transformative vision, directly antagonistic to Suprematism. Saw geometry as express Marxist theories.
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Cornelis Van Eesteren and Theo van Doesburg Proposal for a university hall Amsterdam, 1923
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Daniel Burnham (Director of Works) Court of Honor (The White City) World's Columbian Exposition Chicago (World's Fair), 1893 "stone, masonry" was actually plywood and plaster, nothing like the actual Chicago, inspired cities around the country to build similar buildings.
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Daniel H. Burnham John M. Carrère, and Arnold W. Brunner Group Plan of Cleveland, 1903
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Daniel H. Burnham and John Wellborn Root The Rookery Chicago, 1885-86 (lobby by Frank Lloyd Wright) Influenced by the Field building.
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François Hennebique
A new sensibility of forming
Neoplasticism
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Prairie House
Lime mortar persists through the Middle Ages, but Roman formulas for concrete disappear. 1756: John Smeaton, a British engineer, formulates a modern concrete with crushed brick and pebble aggregate. 1824: Joseph Aspdin of Yorkshire, England, uses limestone and clay to create Portland cement, so named because it resembles stone from Portland. 1849: Joseph Monier, a Parisian gardner, uses iron mesh to create a primitive reinforced concrete for garden pots and tubs, acquiring a patent in 1869.
Reinforced Concrete
