Exam 2 - Medical Terminology

the suffix ____ is added to word part pneumono-/_____ to refer to the surgical procedure of puncturing the lung and aspirating fluids like blood, pus, and lymph

-centesis

The incubation period for influenza is from ____ to ___ days

1 to 3 days

which of the following cranial nerves are responsible for carrying nerve impulses associated with the special senses

1, 2, 8, 9

there are ____ cranial nerves

12

the optic, oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves all innervate the eye and are referred to as cranial nerves

2, 3, 4, and 6

an acoustic neuroma affects which cranial nerve

8

What is the strongest tendon in the body

Achilles tendon

the diagnostic term for a disease characterized by early senility, confusion, loss of recognition of persons or familiar surroundings, and restlessness is

Alzheimer's disease

Lou Gehrig's disease is also known as

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

what is a break in the distal portion of the radius and ulna of the arm called

Colles' wrist fracture

Which acute viral infection is usually seen in infants before 3 ears of age and may cause vocal cord swelling, voice, loss, and possible choking

Croup

Silicosis is also known as

Grinder's disease

what is the emergency procedure for dislodging bolus or other objects from the trachea or throat

Heimlich Maneuver

what kind of seizure has contractions that usually start in a group of muscles on one side of the body and spread to the extremities and the whole body

Jacksonian

Bronchitis often progresses to a more severe lung condition called ____ which was the leading world killer around 1900A.D.

Pneumonia

Pneumonia can be caused by

Rickettsia

Thrush can be caused by

Yeast

an embolism results from

a detached thrombus

the medical term Nebuliz/er is defined as

a device that creates a fine spray or mist

the term Psycholog/ist literally means

a specialist in the science and study of the mind

the term _____ refers to the lack of development of normal numbers of erythrocytes in the blood

a/plastic an/emia

Muscle terms for belly or abdomen are

abdominus or laparal

the diagnostic term Photo/phobia means

abnormal aversion to or fear of light

the medical term Para/noia literally refers to a behavior that is out of touch with reality or

abnormal thinking or reasoning

the lymphoid tissues located behind the nasal cavity are called

adenoids

a non-controllable risk factor for heart attack is

age

histo/plasmo/sis/ is characterized by

all of the above

the area in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged is called the

alveoli

the diagnostic term for the ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall is

aneurysm

ischemia of the myocardium may result in

angina pectoris

the procedural term for x-ray of the blood vessels after an injection of contrast medium dye is

angiograph/y

the medical term retin/itis pigmentosa can be called

animal tracks "retina or net is inflamed causing marks - blindness"

what does the word part Talus- mean

ankle

which of the following is a personality disorder in cluster B

antisocial personality disorder

the blood vessel that carries blood containing oxygen and nutrients away from the heart to all body tissues except the lungs is the

aorta

a stroke is also known as

apoplexy

cerebral ischemia results in a condition termed

apoplexy

the interruption of blood supply to the brain caused by a cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, or cerebral hemorrhage is called

apoplexy

the word part Axillo- means

armpit

a defect in the sinoatrial node is most likely to result in an

arrhythmia

the diagnostic term that means hardening of the arteries is

arterio/sclera/o/sis

athero/sclerosis is a type of

arteriosclerosis

the diagnostic term that literally means "inflamed joint" is

arthr/itis

the term for x-ray film (recording) of a joint is

arthro/gram

the procedural term that means visual examination inside a joint is

arthroscop/y

the diagnostic term for a chronic respiratory disease characterized by paroxysms of coughing, wheezing, panting with shortness of breath is

asthma

what is coronary artery disease most commonly cause by

atherosclerosis

The upper chambers of the heart are called the

atria

a specialist who specializes in the study of hearing is an

audiologist

the diagnostic term Rheumat/oid Arthr/itis refers to

auto-immune disease often with cartilaginous hypertrophy

the word part Occiputo- means

back of the head

your patient has a condition which literally means "puffed up or inflated/refers to". what outcome will this disease most likely have in the patient

barrel chest

Emphysema causes shortness of breath and a

barreled chest

the hypoglossal nerve is located

below the tongue

a patient with an "infarction" due to "stenosis" leading to "necrosis" means that the patient has a

blokage leading to tissue death

your patient was reported to have a "serosanguinous" drainage from their surgical wound site. This drainage would resemble

blood

the medical term hyper/tension means

blood pressure that is above normal

the medical term Hemat/oma means

blood swelling or tumor

the erythropoietic tissue in adults is primarly located in

bone marrow

the combining for en/cephal/o- refers to the

brain

the word part Cerebro- means

brain

the cranial nerves are string-like groups coming off of the

brain and brain stem

an electroencephalogram measures

brain electrical waves

A patient undergoing testing for emphysema has a "spirometry" procedure. What is the literal meaning of this term?

breath/measure/process

the condition where the bronchi of the lungs are dilated outward is

bronchi/ect/asis

the disease of crypto/cocc/o/sis is a ____ that can infect the lungs, skin, brain (CNS), bones, and urinary tract causing death

budding yeast fungus

the diagnostic term that means abnormal build up of lime or calcium in tissues is

calcin/osis

the medical term sy/stole actually means

cardiac cycle phase where chambers contract raising blood pressure

the term for a patient with the condition which literally means "heart/muscle/disease/process of" has

cardiomyopathy

what is a stricture of the carotid arteries in the neck that can lead to stroke called

carotid stenosis

_____ is characterized by soreness, tenderness, and weakness of the muscles of the thumb caused by pressure on the median nerve

carpal tunnel syndrome

the "wrist bones" which are composed of 8 small bones in two rows are formally called the

carpals

Mary has "idiopathis" kyphoscoliosis, which indicates that her condition has no clear

cause

The profession of cytology is the study or examination of what part of the human body

cells

the diagnostic term for a condition characterized by brain damage and lack of muscle control and partial paralysis is

cerebral palsy

which of the following is not a congenital heart defect

cerebral vascular accident

The largest region of the brain is the

cerebum

the first seven bones of the vertebral column forming the neck are the ________ vertebrae

cervical

the diagnostic term for obstruction of the eyelid sebaceous glands is

chalazion

what does the word part Bucco- mean

cheek

the word part mento-

chin

the word part mento- means

chin

the surgical term for the repair of cartilage is called

chondr/o/plasty

the term that means cartilage swelling or cartilage tumor is

chondroma

the word part Cleido- means

clavicle

the diagnostic term cataract actually means

clouding of the lens of the eye

Sickle cell anemia includes the

clumping of blood in vessels causing ischemia, infarction, and tissue necrosis

the inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs is called

congestive heart failure

the mucous membrane lining the inner eyelids and eyeball globe is the

conjunctiva

_____ is caused by foreign bodies or pathogenic organisms that cause inflammation and petechial hemorrhages

conjunctivitis

miotic eye drops cause the eye's pupils to

constrict

the surgical technique that brings a new blood supply to heart muscles by detouring around blocked atherosclerotic coronary arteries is called a

coronary artery bypass

When writing a report for your patient with "rhinitis" you can use an equivalent term or synonym to describe their rhinitis. Which of the following qould you use

coryza

the combining forms or terms that literally mean "rib" are

cost/o and pleuro-

which of the following means "skull"

cranio-

the term trache/os/tom/y actually means

creation of an artificial mouth-like opening in the throat and neck

the combining form scolio- means

crooked and bent

the term "ankylosis" literally means

crooked, stiff, bent/condition

what is an inflammation of the tear sac

dacryocystitis

the diagnostic term an/emia means

decrease in normal RBC numbers, iron, or hemoglobin levels

the medical term "hypoxia" means

deficient oxygen in the blood

the diagnostic term coronary isch/emia actually means

deficient supply of blood to the crowning blood vessels of the heart

the diagnostic medical term Multiple Sclerosis refers to

deterioration or loss of the myelin sheath nerve body covering

the phase in the cardiac cycle in which chambers relax between contractions is called

dia/stole

Which of the following can be diagnosed by looking at the retina

diabetes

Your asthma patient presents with "dyspnea" and "tachypnea". These two terms describe that the patient has

difficult breathing with a rapid rate

your patient has "bronchiectasis" which means they display

dilated bronchi

the schick skin test is used to detect

diphtheria

The word part Fiss- means

divide, split

the study that uses ultrasound to determine the velocity of the flow of blood within a vessel is

doppler flow studies

your patient has a "pericardial" tamponade. The term pericardial indicates that the tamponade is located in the

double sac enclosing the heart

Aural effusion refers to

drainage of the hearing canal

the word part conio- means

dust

the word part Oto- means

ear and hearing

irregular and large hemorrhages under the skin is called

ecchymosis

the combining forms that mean "sound" are

ech/o- and sono-

the procedure for making a record of the structure and motion of the heart using sound waves is called

echocardiography

_____ is local or generalized swelling caused by excessive tissue fluids

edema

an instrument used to record the electrical impulses of the brain is called an

electro/encephalo/graph

a procedure of making a record of muscle activity is called

electro/myo/graph/y

what is obstruction of blood vessels by a clot or any foreign substance called

embolism

when lung tissue swells as a result of distention and loss of elasticity in the alveoli, the condition is called

emphysema

the surgical term Phalang/ectomy means

excisions of a finger or toe bone

tiny blood vessels in the back of the _____ are viewed with a ophthalmo/scop/e to help diagnosis arterio/sclerosis, diabetes, kidney disease, and many other diseases

eye

the medical terms Palpebr/itis and Blepharo/ptosis refer to

eyelid inflammation and eyelid dropping

the medical term Bell's palsy is also known as

facial paralysis or palsy

the diagnostic term "hyperopia" means

farsightedness

the diagnostic term Muscular Dys/trophy means

faulty muscle development

the word part Fibro- means

fiber

"Fibromyalgia" literally means

fibers/muscle/pain

the diagnostic term that means rapid, quivering, non-coordinated contractions of the atria and/or ventricles is

fibrillation

the word part Dactylo- means

finger/toe

Dactylitis can be associated with sickle cell disease and the term means inflammation of the

fingers

the diagnostic term Pes Planus means

flat foot

the word part Frons- means

forehead or front

the prefixes quadri- and tetra- mean

four

the most important longitudinal heart study in the world is being conducted in what American city since 1946

framingham, massachusetts

the disease of Histoplasmosis or Darlings disease is a ____ infection caused by histoplasma

fungal

the word part Pia- means

gentle

the word part Glio- means

glue

what is the word part for jaw

gnatho-

a condition that causes buildup of uric acid crystals in the blood with deposition in joints is

gout

the prefixes hemi- and semi- mean

half

the word part Mano- means

hand

the word part Duro- means

hard

the medical term Encephal/angio/scel/o/sis means

hardening of the brain's blood vessels

the word part caputo- means

head

the combining forms acous- and audi/o- both means

hearing

the literal meaning of the diagnostic term cardio/myo/path/y is

heart/muscle/disease/condition

the diagnostic term used to refer to a dilated or varicose internal and/or external vein in the rectum is

hemorrh/oid

which of the following is not a personality disorder in cluster C

histrionic personality disorder

the medical term that means body temperature below normal, or 98.6F is

hypo/thermia

the term which literally means "under/ribs cartilage/condition" refers to which diagnosis

hypocondriasis

if an athlete is circumducting their arm, they are moving it

in a circle

a controllable risk factor for heart attack is

inadequate exercise

the word part atelo- means

incomplete

which of these is not a sign of brain concussion

increased appetite

lobar pneumonia refers to

infection in one of the five lobes of the lungs

osteoarthritis is

inflammation of a bone joint causing bone hypertrophy

the diagnostic term En/cephal/itis actually means

inflammation of the brain

the medical term Myring/itis actually means

inflammation of the eardrum

the medical term Kerat/itis actually means

inflammation of the eye's cornea

the diagnostic term Blephar/itis means

inflammation of the eyelid

the term con/junctiv/itis literally means together/joined/inflamed. It actually means

inflammation of the membrane that covers the eyeball and the eyelid

the diagnostic term Anterior Polio/myel/itis means an

inflammation of the spinal cord frontal gray horn

the suffix -graph in the term cardio/graph means

instrument used to record

nystagmus refers to

jumping eyes

a patient with "genu osteoporosis" means the condition is located in their

knee

the diagnostic term "genu varum" means

knees are bent outward

the combining form of a term that means "hump or hunchback" is

kypho-

the medical condition of _____ is the backward bending of the thoracic spinal vertebrae

kyphosis

the diagnostic term ot/itis can also be called

labyrinthitis

the tear glands that lubricate and protect the eye are called

lacrimal glands

the small organs that produce and drain tears from the eye are the

lacrimal glands and ducts

macro/phage literally means

large/eater

the eye structure that lies directly behind the pupil and iris is the

lens

a macro/phage can also be classified as a

leukocyte

the set of 5 large vertebrae which form the inward curve of the lower spine are called

lumbar vertebrae

a pulmonary infarction actually means

lung blood flow blockage

spiro/metry is used to evaluate

lung capacity

what is the yeloow spot in the retina lateral to the optic nerve

macula

the medical term dipther/ia literally means

membrane/refers

the three-layered membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord and literally means membrane is called the

meninges

Opisthotonos is frequently associated with

meningitis

The combining form phren/o- means

mind

the combining form ment/o- means

mind

the valve located between the left atrium and ventricle is the

mitral

____ is the presence of an elevated number of mononuclear leukocytes in the blood

monocytosis

the epstein-barr virus causes a disease whose literal name is "one/nut or kernel". this disease is

mononucleosis

the word part Mater- means

mother

A patient may display an ecchymosis after a

motor vehicle accident

the word parts oro- and os- mean

mouth

both food and air travel through the

mouth and pharynx

an abducens nerve palsy results in inability to

move eyes outwards

if John is adducting his arm, he is

moving it toward his body

Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited exocrine gland disorder that causes thick secretions of _____ to accumulate in the lungs

mucus and pus

Neuro/fibromat/osis is characterized by

multiple fiber-like nerve tumors

Demyelination occurs in which of the following diseases

multiple sclerosis

cardiomyopathy refers to having a problem with the _____ of the heart

muscle

the diagnostic term My/asthenia Gravis actually means

muscle heavy and weak

which of the following isn't a vital sign

muscle response

the medical term "tetanus" usually refers to

muscle spasms

the somatic peripheral nervous system is composed of neurons that control the "soma" or body. THey specifically control which of the following

muscles

the term that means spinal cord inflammation is

myel/itis

this combining form _____ means bone marrow or spinal cord

myelo-

coronary thrombosis may be a cause of

myocardial infarction

the diagnostic term aortic stenosis means

narrowing of the aorta

the medical term "myopic" actually means

nearsighted

the word part Neuro- means

nerve

the term neuralgia is defines as

nerve pain

the cord-like structures that carry bio-electrical impulses from one part of the body to another are called

nerves

the medical abbreviations CNS, PNS, and ANS refer to divisions of the

nervous system

the diagnostic term that means tumor made up of the nerve cells is

neur/oma

a patient with rhinitis undergoes a "rhinoscopy" which is a procedure to examine the

nose

the medical terms that means containing both mucus and pus is

nucopurulent

the term Chiro/pract/or literally means

one who practices by hand

the muscle term ad/duct/or literally means

one who/ draws/toward

if a fracture has a protrusion through the skin, it is

open fracture

the word part nario- means

opening to nose

the nerve in the eye that carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain is the

optic

____ is devoid of rods and cones and hence is referred to as the blind spot

optic nerve

what word part means socket

orbito-

the malleus, incus, and stapes make up the bones of the middle ear called the

ossicles

the diagnostic term that means abnormal loss of bone density is

osteoporosis

the term that means one who studies and treats disease of the ear is

otologist

the medical term for a fungal infection of the ear is

otomycosis

the medical term that means a specialist who studies and treats the diseases and disorders of the ear, nose, and throat is

otorhinolaryngologist

the diagnostic term ot/algia means

pain in the ear

the medical term cephalo/dynia means

pain in the head

what is a temporary or permanent loss of sensation, loss of ability to move, or inability to control movement

palsy

the medical term that means total paralysis is

pan/plegia

the medical term asthma literally means

panting

the medical term quadri/plegia means

paralysis of all four limbs

which of the following is a personality disorder in cluster A

paranoid personality disorder

what covers the inner surface of the ciliary process

pars ciliaris

which part of the retina is the sensory portion associated with sight

pars optica

the diagnostic term Sub/laxation actually means

partial joint dislocation

the medical term cerebral palsy is characterized by

partial or complete paralysis caused by a brain injury

which of the following isn't an antihypertensive drug

penicillin

the ____ is a double membranous fibrous sac that encloses the heart

pericardium

the diagnostic term that is also referred to as whooping cough is

pertussis

what term means "flat-footed"

pes planus

the surgical term for the incision into a vein to remove blood, to give blood, or to give intravenous fluids is

phleb/otomy

Which word part means diaphragm

phreno-

the medical term that means mental disease is

phrenopathy

the double-sac membrane that covers each lung and lines the thoracic cavity is the

pleura

the medical term for a specialist who treats and diagnoses foot diseases and disorders such as corns, bunions, claw foot, ingrown toenails, and par/onych/itis is a

pod/iatr/ist

the diagnostic term for inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord is

polio/myel/itis

what word part means thumb

pollex-

a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease is characterized by

pre-senile dementia

swelling of the bursa below the knee is diagnostically referred to as

prepatellar bursitis

the procedural term Echo/encephalo/graphy actually means

procedure of recording brain structures by use of sound

the medical term Emphysema literally means

puffed up

a stethoscope is placed over the heart to listen to the

pulmonary valve

the combining word forms that refer to the "spine, vertebral column, and/or vertebra" are

rachi/o- and spondyl/o-

the word part Iro- means

rainbow

what is the pathologic condition where the retina becomes separated from the choroid between the retina and the sclera

retinal detachment

______ is inflammation of nasal mucosa caused by allergies, viruses, and bacteria

rhinitis

the word parts Pleura- and costo- both mean

rib, side

the medical term Trach/oma refers to a chlamydial infection causing

rough swollen eye lesions

the diagnostic term "herniated disc" in reference to an intervertebral cartilage means that the cartilage is/has

ruptured or protruded

the medical term burs/itis literally means

sac inflamed

What do forensic psychiatrists specialize in

sanity during crimes

based on its name, the anterior serratus muscle appears to look like a

saw-tooth

the outer hard layer of the eye (white of eye) is the

sclera

the medical term Epi/lepsy means

seizure upon the mind and body

the structure in the inner ear that contains balance receptors and endolymph is called the

semicircular canals

a muscular dystrophy patient who presents with a condition of "winged scapulae" means that they have a problem with their

shoulder

the word part Omo- means

shoulder

the leading cardiac risk factors are

smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, and hyper/cholesterol/emia

the medical term Opto/metr/ist literally means

specialist in measuring sight

the medical term Psych/o/log/ist means

specialist in the science and study of the mind

the device or instrument that is used to measure arterial blood pressure by hand is a

sphygmomanometer

the structure that conducts nerve impulses to and from the brain and serves as a reflex center for some sensory information without input from the brain is the

spinal cord

the word part Myelo- means

spinal cord

How is cryptococcosis diagnosed

spinal tap and x-ray

what does the word part Rachio- mean

spine

A ______ is usually a sudden traction on a muscle, ligament, and joint capsule

sprain

a patient diagnosed with "orthostatic hypotension" must be in what position in order to be diagnosed

standing

an em/bol/ism literally means

state of a lump within

what is the disorder of the eye in which the optic axis cannot be directed at the same object

strabismus

pectus excavatum is more commonly reffered to as

sunken chest

the surgical term angioplasty means

surgical repair of a blood vessel

The medical term for the phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract is

systole

the ankle bones are called the ______ bones

tarsal

the diagnostic term "avulsion" means

tearing a piece of bone

the diagnostic term Rotary Cuff Avulsion actually means

tearing of shoulder joint soft tissues, ligaments, and deep tendons

lacrimation refers to

teary eyes

what attaches muscles to bone

tendons

the medical term Opistho/tonos means

tension that bends head backward

the medical term that means the same as Quadri/plegia is

tetra/plegia

the medical term Psych/iatr/y literally means

the procedure or process of treating or curing the mind

the term "psychology" literally means

the process or procedure of the science or study of the mind

the medical term cardiology means

the science and study of the heart

the diagnostic term hammer toe means

the toes are bent over or down

the term Schizo/phrenia actually refers to a type of psych/osis that is also characterized by

thought deterioration and lack of social functioning

the word part Pharyngo- means

throat

what is coagulated or clotted material that develops inside the vascular system

thrombus

the medical term concussion means

to shake violently

dento-, donto-, and odonto- all mean

tooth

The mantoux skin test is used to diagnose

tuberculosis

the muscle term supinator means

turns upward - one who

the diagnostic abbreviation for an infection of the nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea is

upper respiratory infection "URI"

the diagnostic term ar/rhythmia means

variation in normal heart rhythm or contraction

the word part phlebo- means

vein

the combining forms that mean "vein" are

ven/o- and phlen/o-

the medical term which means to enter a vein in order to remove blood, instill medication, or start an intravenous infusion is

veni/puncture

the lower chambers of the heart are called the

ventricles

the combining forms angi/o- and vaso- all mean

vessel

angina pectoris literally means

vessel: in chest

A diagnosis of "pleurisy" means that the patient has an inflammation between which layers of the pleura

visceral/parietal

The E Eye Chart is used to measure

visual acuity

the word part Layngo- means

voice box

Parkinson's disease causes body tremors (shaking), weak speech, shuffling of feet, and depression. Other patients may experience

voice loss, sphincter problems, falls and paralysis

the medical term Glauc/oma actually means

waterfall, cloudy, or gray vision

the combining form "asthenia" means

weakness

idiopathic epilepsy is

without a known cause

The term "trauma" refers to a

wound