Exam 2 - Medical Terminology
the suffix ____ is added to word part pneumono-/_____ to refer to the surgical procedure of puncturing the lung and aspirating fluids like blood, pus, and lymph
-centesis
The incubation period for influenza is from ____ to ___ days
1 to 3 days
which of the following cranial nerves are responsible for carrying nerve impulses associated with the special senses
1, 2, 8, 9
there are ____ cranial nerves
12
the optic, oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves all innervate the eye and are referred to as cranial nerves
2, 3, 4, and 6
an acoustic neuroma affects which cranial nerve
8
What is the strongest tendon in the body
Achilles tendon
the diagnostic term for a disease characterized by early senility, confusion, loss of recognition of persons or familiar surroundings, and restlessness is
Alzheimer's disease
Lou Gehrig's disease is also known as
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
what is a break in the distal portion of the radius and ulna of the arm called
Colles' wrist fracture
Which acute viral infection is usually seen in infants before 3 ears of age and may cause vocal cord swelling, voice, loss, and possible choking
Croup
Silicosis is also known as
Grinder's disease
what is the emergency procedure for dislodging bolus or other objects from the trachea or throat
Heimlich Maneuver
what kind of seizure has contractions that usually start in a group of muscles on one side of the body and spread to the extremities and the whole body
Jacksonian
Bronchitis often progresses to a more severe lung condition called ____ which was the leading world killer around 1900A.D.
Pneumonia
Pneumonia can be caused by
Rickettsia
Thrush can be caused by
Yeast
an embolism results from
a detached thrombus
the medical term Nebuliz/er is defined as
a device that creates a fine spray or mist
the term Psycholog/ist literally means
a specialist in the science and study of the mind
the term _____ refers to the lack of development of normal numbers of erythrocytes in the blood
a/plastic an/emia
Muscle terms for belly or abdomen are
abdominus or laparal
the diagnostic term Photo/phobia means
abnormal aversion to or fear of light
the medical term Para/noia literally refers to a behavior that is out of touch with reality or
abnormal thinking or reasoning
the lymphoid tissues located behind the nasal cavity are called
adenoids
a non-controllable risk factor for heart attack is
age
histo/plasmo/sis/ is characterized by
all of the above
the area in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged is called the
alveoli
the diagnostic term for the ballooning of a weakened portion of an arterial wall is
aneurysm
ischemia of the myocardium may result in
angina pectoris
the procedural term for x-ray of the blood vessels after an injection of contrast medium dye is
angiograph/y
the medical term retin/itis pigmentosa can be called
animal tracks "retina or net is inflamed causing marks - blindness"
what does the word part Talus- mean
ankle
which of the following is a personality disorder in cluster B
antisocial personality disorder
the blood vessel that carries blood containing oxygen and nutrients away from the heart to all body tissues except the lungs is the
aorta
a stroke is also known as
apoplexy
cerebral ischemia results in a condition termed
apoplexy
the interruption of blood supply to the brain caused by a cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, or cerebral hemorrhage is called
apoplexy
the word part Axillo- means
armpit
a defect in the sinoatrial node is most likely to result in an
arrhythmia
the diagnostic term that means hardening of the arteries is
arterio/sclera/o/sis
athero/sclerosis is a type of
arteriosclerosis
the diagnostic term that literally means "inflamed joint" is
arthr/itis
the term for x-ray film (recording) of a joint is
arthro/gram
the procedural term that means visual examination inside a joint is
arthroscop/y
the diagnostic term for a chronic respiratory disease characterized by paroxysms of coughing, wheezing, panting with shortness of breath is
asthma
what is coronary artery disease most commonly cause by
atherosclerosis
The upper chambers of the heart are called the
atria
a specialist who specializes in the study of hearing is an
audiologist
the diagnostic term Rheumat/oid Arthr/itis refers to
auto-immune disease often with cartilaginous hypertrophy
the word part Occiputo- means
back of the head
your patient has a condition which literally means "puffed up or inflated/refers to". what outcome will this disease most likely have in the patient
barrel chest
Emphysema causes shortness of breath and a
barreled chest
the hypoglossal nerve is located
below the tongue
a patient with an "infarction" due to "stenosis" leading to "necrosis" means that the patient has a
blokage leading to tissue death
your patient was reported to have a "serosanguinous" drainage from their surgical wound site. This drainage would resemble
blood
the medical term hyper/tension means
blood pressure that is above normal
the medical term Hemat/oma means
blood swelling or tumor
the erythropoietic tissue in adults is primarly located in
bone marrow
the combining for en/cephal/o- refers to the
brain
the word part Cerebro- means
brain
the cranial nerves are string-like groups coming off of the
brain and brain stem
an electroencephalogram measures
brain electrical waves
A patient undergoing testing for emphysema has a "spirometry" procedure. What is the literal meaning of this term?
breath/measure/process
the condition where the bronchi of the lungs are dilated outward is
bronchi/ect/asis
the disease of crypto/cocc/o/sis is a ____ that can infect the lungs, skin, brain (CNS), bones, and urinary tract causing death
budding yeast fungus
the diagnostic term that means abnormal build up of lime or calcium in tissues is
calcin/osis
the medical term sy/stole actually means
cardiac cycle phase where chambers contract raising blood pressure
the term for a patient with the condition which literally means "heart/muscle/disease/process of" has
cardiomyopathy
what is a stricture of the carotid arteries in the neck that can lead to stroke called
carotid stenosis
_____ is characterized by soreness, tenderness, and weakness of the muscles of the thumb caused by pressure on the median nerve
carpal tunnel syndrome
the "wrist bones" which are composed of 8 small bones in two rows are formally called the
carpals
Mary has "idiopathis" kyphoscoliosis, which indicates that her condition has no clear
cause
The profession of cytology is the study or examination of what part of the human body
cells
the diagnostic term for a condition characterized by brain damage and lack of muscle control and partial paralysis is
cerebral palsy
which of the following is not a congenital heart defect
cerebral vascular accident
The largest region of the brain is the
cerebum
the first seven bones of the vertebral column forming the neck are the ________ vertebrae
cervical
the diagnostic term for obstruction of the eyelid sebaceous glands is
chalazion
what does the word part Bucco- mean
cheek
the word part mento-
chin
the word part mento- means
chin
the surgical term for the repair of cartilage is called
chondr/o/plasty
the term that means cartilage swelling or cartilage tumor is
chondroma
the word part Cleido- means
clavicle
the diagnostic term cataract actually means
clouding of the lens of the eye
Sickle cell anemia includes the
clumping of blood in vessels causing ischemia, infarction, and tissue necrosis
the inability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body to supply the tissues and organs is called
congestive heart failure
the mucous membrane lining the inner eyelids and eyeball globe is the
conjunctiva
_____ is caused by foreign bodies or pathogenic organisms that cause inflammation and petechial hemorrhages
conjunctivitis
miotic eye drops cause the eye's pupils to
constrict
the surgical technique that brings a new blood supply to heart muscles by detouring around blocked atherosclerotic coronary arteries is called a
coronary artery bypass
When writing a report for your patient with "rhinitis" you can use an equivalent term or synonym to describe their rhinitis. Which of the following qould you use
coryza
the combining forms or terms that literally mean "rib" are
cost/o and pleuro-
which of the following means "skull"
cranio-
the term trache/os/tom/y actually means
creation of an artificial mouth-like opening in the throat and neck
the combining form scolio- means
crooked and bent
the term "ankylosis" literally means
crooked, stiff, bent/condition
what is an inflammation of the tear sac
dacryocystitis
the diagnostic term an/emia means
decrease in normal RBC numbers, iron, or hemoglobin levels
the medical term "hypoxia" means
deficient oxygen in the blood
the diagnostic term coronary isch/emia actually means
deficient supply of blood to the crowning blood vessels of the heart
the diagnostic medical term Multiple Sclerosis refers to
deterioration or loss of the myelin sheath nerve body covering
the phase in the cardiac cycle in which chambers relax between contractions is called
dia/stole
Which of the following can be diagnosed by looking at the retina
diabetes
Your asthma patient presents with "dyspnea" and "tachypnea". These two terms describe that the patient has
difficult breathing with a rapid rate
your patient has "bronchiectasis" which means they display
dilated bronchi
the schick skin test is used to detect
diphtheria
The word part Fiss- means
divide, split
the study that uses ultrasound to determine the velocity of the flow of blood within a vessel is
doppler flow studies
your patient has a "pericardial" tamponade. The term pericardial indicates that the tamponade is located in the
double sac enclosing the heart
Aural effusion refers to
drainage of the hearing canal
the word part conio- means
dust
the word part Oto- means
ear and hearing
irregular and large hemorrhages under the skin is called
ecchymosis
the combining forms that mean "sound" are
ech/o- and sono-
the procedure for making a record of the structure and motion of the heart using sound waves is called
echocardiography
_____ is local or generalized swelling caused by excessive tissue fluids
edema
an instrument used to record the electrical impulses of the brain is called an
electro/encephalo/graph
a procedure of making a record of muscle activity is called
electro/myo/graph/y
what is obstruction of blood vessels by a clot or any foreign substance called
embolism
when lung tissue swells as a result of distention and loss of elasticity in the alveoli, the condition is called
emphysema
the surgical term Phalang/ectomy means
excisions of a finger or toe bone
tiny blood vessels in the back of the _____ are viewed with a ophthalmo/scop/e to help diagnosis arterio/sclerosis, diabetes, kidney disease, and many other diseases
eye
the medical terms Palpebr/itis and Blepharo/ptosis refer to
eyelid inflammation and eyelid dropping
the medical term Bell's palsy is also known as
facial paralysis or palsy
the diagnostic term "hyperopia" means
farsightedness
the diagnostic term Muscular Dys/trophy means
faulty muscle development
the word part Fibro- means
fiber
"Fibromyalgia" literally means
fibers/muscle/pain
the diagnostic term that means rapid, quivering, non-coordinated contractions of the atria and/or ventricles is
fibrillation
the word part Dactylo- means
finger/toe
Dactylitis can be associated with sickle cell disease and the term means inflammation of the
fingers
the diagnostic term Pes Planus means
flat foot
the word part Frons- means
forehead or front
the prefixes quadri- and tetra- mean
four
the most important longitudinal heart study in the world is being conducted in what American city since 1946
framingham, massachusetts
the disease of Histoplasmosis or Darlings disease is a ____ infection caused by histoplasma
fungal
the word part Pia- means
gentle
the word part Glio- means
glue
what is the word part for jaw
gnatho-
a condition that causes buildup of uric acid crystals in the blood with deposition in joints is
gout
the prefixes hemi- and semi- mean
half
the word part Mano- means
hand
the word part Duro- means
hard
the medical term Encephal/angio/scel/o/sis means
hardening of the brain's blood vessels
the word part caputo- means
head
the combining forms acous- and audi/o- both means
hearing
the literal meaning of the diagnostic term cardio/myo/path/y is
heart/muscle/disease/condition
the diagnostic term used to refer to a dilated or varicose internal and/or external vein in the rectum is
hemorrh/oid
which of the following is not a personality disorder in cluster C
histrionic personality disorder
the medical term that means body temperature below normal, or 98.6F is
hypo/thermia
the term which literally means "under/ribs cartilage/condition" refers to which diagnosis
hypocondriasis
if an athlete is circumducting their arm, they are moving it
in a circle
a controllable risk factor for heart attack is
inadequate exercise
the word part atelo- means
incomplete
which of these is not a sign of brain concussion
increased appetite
lobar pneumonia refers to
infection in one of the five lobes of the lungs
osteoarthritis is
inflammation of a bone joint causing bone hypertrophy
the diagnostic term En/cephal/itis actually means
inflammation of the brain
the medical term Myring/itis actually means
inflammation of the eardrum
the medical term Kerat/itis actually means
inflammation of the eye's cornea
the diagnostic term Blephar/itis means
inflammation of the eyelid
the term con/junctiv/itis literally means together/joined/inflamed. It actually means
inflammation of the membrane that covers the eyeball and the eyelid
the diagnostic term Anterior Polio/myel/itis means an
inflammation of the spinal cord frontal gray horn
the suffix -graph in the term cardio/graph means
instrument used to record
nystagmus refers to
jumping eyes
a patient with "genu osteoporosis" means the condition is located in their
knee
the diagnostic term "genu varum" means
knees are bent outward
the combining form of a term that means "hump or hunchback" is
kypho-
the medical condition of _____ is the backward bending of the thoracic spinal vertebrae
kyphosis
the diagnostic term ot/itis can also be called
labyrinthitis
the tear glands that lubricate and protect the eye are called
lacrimal glands
the small organs that produce and drain tears from the eye are the
lacrimal glands and ducts
macro/phage literally means
large/eater
the eye structure that lies directly behind the pupil and iris is the
lens
a macro/phage can also be classified as a
leukocyte
the set of 5 large vertebrae which form the inward curve of the lower spine are called
lumbar vertebrae
a pulmonary infarction actually means
lung blood flow blockage
spiro/metry is used to evaluate
lung capacity
what is the yeloow spot in the retina lateral to the optic nerve
macula
the medical term dipther/ia literally means
membrane/refers
the three-layered membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord and literally means membrane is called the
meninges
Opisthotonos is frequently associated with
meningitis
The combining form phren/o- means
mind
the combining form ment/o- means
mind
the valve located between the left atrium and ventricle is the
mitral
____ is the presence of an elevated number of mononuclear leukocytes in the blood
monocytosis
the epstein-barr virus causes a disease whose literal name is "one/nut or kernel". this disease is
mononucleosis
the word part Mater- means
mother
A patient may display an ecchymosis after a
motor vehicle accident
the word parts oro- and os- mean
mouth
both food and air travel through the
mouth and pharynx
an abducens nerve palsy results in inability to
move eyes outwards
if John is adducting his arm, he is
moving it toward his body
Cystic Fibrosis is an inherited exocrine gland disorder that causes thick secretions of _____ to accumulate in the lungs
mucus and pus
Neuro/fibromat/osis is characterized by
multiple fiber-like nerve tumors
Demyelination occurs in which of the following diseases
multiple sclerosis
cardiomyopathy refers to having a problem with the _____ of the heart
muscle
the diagnostic term My/asthenia Gravis actually means
muscle heavy and weak
which of the following isn't a vital sign
muscle response
the medical term "tetanus" usually refers to
muscle spasms
the somatic peripheral nervous system is composed of neurons that control the "soma" or body. THey specifically control which of the following
muscles
the term that means spinal cord inflammation is
myel/itis
this combining form _____ means bone marrow or spinal cord
myelo-
coronary thrombosis may be a cause of
myocardial infarction
the diagnostic term aortic stenosis means
narrowing of the aorta
the medical term "myopic" actually means
nearsighted
the word part Neuro- means
nerve
the term neuralgia is defines as
nerve pain
the cord-like structures that carry bio-electrical impulses from one part of the body to another are called
nerves
the medical abbreviations CNS, PNS, and ANS refer to divisions of the
nervous system
the diagnostic term that means tumor made up of the nerve cells is
neur/oma
a patient with rhinitis undergoes a "rhinoscopy" which is a procedure to examine the
nose
the medical terms that means containing both mucus and pus is
nucopurulent
the term Chiro/pract/or literally means
one who practices by hand
the muscle term ad/duct/or literally means
one who/ draws/toward
if a fracture has a protrusion through the skin, it is
open fracture
the word part nario- means
opening to nose
the nerve in the eye that carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain is the
optic
____ is devoid of rods and cones and hence is referred to as the blind spot
optic nerve
what word part means socket
orbito-
the malleus, incus, and stapes make up the bones of the middle ear called the
ossicles
the diagnostic term that means abnormal loss of bone density is
osteoporosis
the term that means one who studies and treats disease of the ear is
otologist
the medical term for a fungal infection of the ear is
otomycosis
the medical term that means a specialist who studies and treats the diseases and disorders of the ear, nose, and throat is
otorhinolaryngologist
the diagnostic term ot/algia means
pain in the ear
the medical term cephalo/dynia means
pain in the head
what is a temporary or permanent loss of sensation, loss of ability to move, or inability to control movement
palsy
the medical term that means total paralysis is
pan/plegia
the medical term asthma literally means
panting
the medical term quadri/plegia means
paralysis of all four limbs
which of the following is a personality disorder in cluster A
paranoid personality disorder
what covers the inner surface of the ciliary process
pars ciliaris
which part of the retina is the sensory portion associated with sight
pars optica
the diagnostic term Sub/laxation actually means
partial joint dislocation
the medical term cerebral palsy is characterized by
partial or complete paralysis caused by a brain injury
which of the following isn't an antihypertensive drug
penicillin
the ____ is a double membranous fibrous sac that encloses the heart
pericardium
the diagnostic term that is also referred to as whooping cough is
pertussis
what term means "flat-footed"
pes planus
the surgical term for the incision into a vein to remove blood, to give blood, or to give intravenous fluids is
phleb/otomy
Which word part means diaphragm
phreno-
the medical term that means mental disease is
phrenopathy
the double-sac membrane that covers each lung and lines the thoracic cavity is the
pleura
the medical term for a specialist who treats and diagnoses foot diseases and disorders such as corns, bunions, claw foot, ingrown toenails, and par/onych/itis is a
pod/iatr/ist
the diagnostic term for inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord is
polio/myel/itis
what word part means thumb
pollex-
a patient diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease is characterized by
pre-senile dementia
swelling of the bursa below the knee is diagnostically referred to as
prepatellar bursitis
the procedural term Echo/encephalo/graphy actually means
procedure of recording brain structures by use of sound
the medical term Emphysema literally means
puffed up
a stethoscope is placed over the heart to listen to the
pulmonary valve
the combining word forms that refer to the "spine, vertebral column, and/or vertebra" are
rachi/o- and spondyl/o-
the word part Iro- means
rainbow
what is the pathologic condition where the retina becomes separated from the choroid between the retina and the sclera
retinal detachment
______ is inflammation of nasal mucosa caused by allergies, viruses, and bacteria
rhinitis
the word parts Pleura- and costo- both mean
rib, side
the medical term Trach/oma refers to a chlamydial infection causing
rough swollen eye lesions
the diagnostic term "herniated disc" in reference to an intervertebral cartilage means that the cartilage is/has
ruptured or protruded
the medical term burs/itis literally means
sac inflamed
What do forensic psychiatrists specialize in
sanity during crimes
based on its name, the anterior serratus muscle appears to look like a
saw-tooth
the outer hard layer of the eye (white of eye) is the
sclera
the medical term Epi/lepsy means
seizure upon the mind and body
the structure in the inner ear that contains balance receptors and endolymph is called the
semicircular canals
a muscular dystrophy patient who presents with a condition of "winged scapulae" means that they have a problem with their
shoulder
the word part Omo- means
shoulder
the leading cardiac risk factors are
smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, and hyper/cholesterol/emia
the medical term Opto/metr/ist literally means
specialist in measuring sight
the medical term Psych/o/log/ist means
specialist in the science and study of the mind
the device or instrument that is used to measure arterial blood pressure by hand is a
sphygmomanometer
the structure that conducts nerve impulses to and from the brain and serves as a reflex center for some sensory information without input from the brain is the
spinal cord
the word part Myelo- means
spinal cord
How is cryptococcosis diagnosed
spinal tap and x-ray
what does the word part Rachio- mean
spine
A ______ is usually a sudden traction on a muscle, ligament, and joint capsule
sprain
a patient diagnosed with "orthostatic hypotension" must be in what position in order to be diagnosed
standing
an em/bol/ism literally means
state of a lump within
what is the disorder of the eye in which the optic axis cannot be directed at the same object
strabismus
pectus excavatum is more commonly reffered to as
sunken chest
the surgical term angioplasty means
surgical repair of a blood vessel
The medical term for the phase in the cardiac cycle in which the ventricles contract is
systole
the ankle bones are called the ______ bones
tarsal
the diagnostic term "avulsion" means
tearing a piece of bone
the diagnostic term Rotary Cuff Avulsion actually means
tearing of shoulder joint soft tissues, ligaments, and deep tendons
lacrimation refers to
teary eyes
what attaches muscles to bone
tendons
the medical term Opistho/tonos means
tension that bends head backward
the medical term that means the same as Quadri/plegia is
tetra/plegia
the medical term Psych/iatr/y literally means
the procedure or process of treating or curing the mind
the term "psychology" literally means
the process or procedure of the science or study of the mind
the medical term cardiology means
the science and study of the heart
the diagnostic term hammer toe means
the toes are bent over or down
the term Schizo/phrenia actually refers to a type of psych/osis that is also characterized by
thought deterioration and lack of social functioning
the word part Pharyngo- means
throat
what is coagulated or clotted material that develops inside the vascular system
thrombus
the medical term concussion means
to shake violently
dento-, donto-, and odonto- all mean
tooth
The mantoux skin test is used to diagnose
tuberculosis
the muscle term supinator means
turns upward - one who
the diagnostic abbreviation for an infection of the nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea is
upper respiratory infection "URI"
the diagnostic term ar/rhythmia means
variation in normal heart rhythm or contraction
the word part phlebo- means
vein
the combining forms that mean "vein" are
ven/o- and phlen/o-
the medical term which means to enter a vein in order to remove blood, instill medication, or start an intravenous infusion is
veni/puncture
the lower chambers of the heart are called the
ventricles
the combining forms angi/o- and vaso- all mean
vessel
angina pectoris literally means
vessel: in chest
A diagnosis of "pleurisy" means that the patient has an inflammation between which layers of the pleura
visceral/parietal
The E Eye Chart is used to measure
visual acuity
the word part Layngo- means
voice box
Parkinson's disease causes body tremors (shaking), weak speech, shuffling of feet, and depression. Other patients may experience
voice loss, sphincter problems, falls and paralysis
the medical term Glauc/oma actually means
waterfall, cloudy, or gray vision
the combining form "asthenia" means
weakness
idiopathic epilepsy is
without a known cause
The term "trauma" refers to a
wound
