Exam 2 old quiz questions

Which of the following would a qualified sex therapist be LEAST likely to say to a client? a. "Maybe if you work on your marital happiness, your sex life will improve" b. "Imagine you were a spectator during sexual activity, to detach yourself from your physical sensations of anxiety" c. "Try to figure out which events in the past might be impacting your sexual behavior" d. "You need to talk more with your partner about what you like and don't like sexually"

b. "Imagine you were a spectator during sexual activity, to detach yourself from your physical sensations of anxiety"

A friend of yours says, "we should ban certain heavy metal songs because listening to them will encourage suicidal tendencies." Based on research, the BEST reply would be: a. "You're right; experts and the courts agree about the potential danger." b. "It probably won't work; experts don't agree with you, and the courts have not found musicians liable." c. "It depends; experts agree with you, although the courts have not found musicians liable" d. "It depends; experts don't agree with you, although the courts have found musicians liable."

b. "It probably won't work; experts don't agree with you, and the courts have not found musicians liable."

The same symptoms of distractibility and impulsivity tend to get diagnosed as ______ in boys and as ______ in girls a. depression; AD/HD b. AD/HD; depression c. conduct disorder; depression d. AD/HD; conduct disorder

b. AD/HD; depression

________ is an extreme, insatiable hunger that is more commonly seen in reproductive mood disorders than other kinds of mood disorders. a. Pica b. Polyphagia c. Appetite d. Anorexia

b. Polyphagia

In general, the closer that people are genetically related to someone with schizophrenia, the more likely they are to be diagnosed with schizophrenia as well. This is evidence of _____ between a schizophrenia diagnosis and the degree of closeness of relationship. a. a causal relationship b. a positive correlation c. a negative correlation d. no clear relationship

b. a positive correlation

Lasting improvement for a person with anorexia nervosa depends on: a. providing long-term drug therapy over several years b. addressing underlying psychological problems c. helping the person to leave their family of origin d. ensuring that the person follows a high-protein diet

b. addressing underlying psychological problems

Research shows that sexual dysfunctions among homosexual couples: a. include two distinct categories not included among heterosexual dysfunctions b. are the same as those seen in heterosexual couples c. are virtually nonexistent d. generally are more severe than among heterosexual couples

b. are the same as those seen in heterosexual couples

Which of the following would be considered negative symptoms of psychosis - visual or auditory hallucinations - inability to initiate activity - talking to themselves - speaking very little or not at all - inability to move (catatonia) - disinterested in all social interactions - lashing out in angry outbursts

- inability to initiate activity - speaking very little or not at all - inability to move (catatonia) - disinterested in all social interactions

Which of the following would be considered positive symptoms of psychosis? - being overly friendly and social - visual or auditory hallucinations - being highly creative - inability to move (catatonia) - flat or muted emotional expressions - delusions of being a magic user

- visual or auditory hallucinations - erratic and disorganized behavior - delusions of being a magic user

T/F: Behavioral therapy for attention problems in kids works the same with or without stimulant medication

False

T/F: Individualistic (Western) cultures value low-arousal emotions, while collectivistic (Eastern, African) cultures value high-arousal emotions.

False

T/F: Most men experience responsive sexual desire, while most women experience spontaneous sexual desire

False

T/F: The fetal programming hypothesis suggests that mothers who experience nutritional deficiencies due to starvation are more likely to have children with eating disorders, but mothers who are overweight or obese are less likely to have children with eating disorders

False

T/F: children and adolescents show problems with attention because the part of the brain that is responsible for attention, the occipital lobe, is not fully formed until about age 20.

False

T/F: for non-suicidal self injury, both the chronicity (length of time) and intensity of negative mood are risk factors.

False

T/F: worldwide, the strongest predictor of suicide is presence of mood disorders such as depression

False

Place the following phases of sexual function in the order that was proposed by Masters and Johnson - Excitement - Plateau - Orgasm - Resolution and satiety

First- Excitement Second- Plateau Third- Orgasm Fourth- Resolution and satiety

T/F: People who have trouble shifting their attention between stimuli have an easier time if both stimuli are visual, or both kinds are verbal

True

T/F: in the US, there are more firearm deaths by suicide than by homicide

True

Which does NOT belong with the others? a. Aversion therapy b. Sensate focus c. Mindful sexual touching d. Non-demand pleasuring

a. Aversion therapy

If a woman is 90 years old and healthy, what is the chance, expressed as a percentage, that she still masturbates at least occasionally a. Greater than 20% b. Approximately 10% c. Approximately 20% d. Less than 1%

a. Greater than 20%

If someone has very low sexual desire or interest, and is not distressed by this, the correct diagnosis would be: a. Nothing; they do not have a psychological disorder b. Hypersexuality c. Hypoactive sexual desire disorder d. Paraphilia

a. Nothing; they do not have a psychological disorder

People from Asian and African countries report more ______ hallucinations: a. auditory b. olfactory c. visual d. tactile

a. auditory

people with psychosis have poor sensory gating, meaning they experience... a. conscious awareness of too much raw sensory information b. reduced emotional intesisty c. too little conscious awareness of what is happening around them d. heightened attention and focus

a. conscious awareness of too much raw sensory information

Ernest Hemingway was a physically strong, proud man who developed great concerns about his failing body. Depressed about his progressive illness, he intentionally ended his life. Schneidman would classify Hemingway as a: a. death initiator b. death seeker c. death ignorer d. death darer

a. death initiator

A patient with cleanliness/contamination obsessions and compulsions is told that everyone who comes into their house must wear shoes at all times, and they are not allowed to vacuum for a week. What kind of therapy are they most likely receiving? a. exposure and response prevention b. family therapy c. free association d. reinforcement for compulsive behaviors

a. exposure and response prevention

Despite concerns regarding the use of methadone maintenance programs, those in favor of such programs commonly argue that they: a. help reduce the spread of HIV and hepatitis C b. enable patients to more easily "step down" their use c. create a more manageable form of addiction d. are highly effective over a very short period

a. help reduce the spread of HIV and hepatitis C

Which group of children are most likely to have good sustained attention skills? a. kids from indigenous cultures, whose families value their heritage culture b. kids who engage in a lot of structured activities outside of school c. kids who are very young d. kids from indigenous cultures, whose families encourage them to adopt the mainstream culture

a. kids from indigenous cultures, whose families value their heritage culture

Which of these is most likely to trigger relapse in people with bulimia or anorexia? a. life stressors b. weight gain c. medication withdrawal d. media exposure

a. life stresses

Researchers have found that the biological relatives of adoptees with schizophrenia are _____ than their adoptive relatives to develop schizophrenia. a. more likely b. equally likely c. somewhat less likely d. far less likely

a. more likely

A child's distracting behaviors occur only in a school setting and include failure to follow instructions and finish work, answering questions before they have been completed, and a lot of seat squirming and fidgeting. Could ADHD be a diagnosis of this child? a. no, the child's symptoms occur in only one setting b. no, the child's symptoms started at too young an age c. yes, it could be a diagnosis d. yes, it could be, but only if the fidgeting is distracting to others

a. no, the child's symptoms occur in only one setting

People who engage in non-suicidal self injury have significantly lower levels of endogenous _______, which may contribute to their urge to harm themselves, as these hormones are released in response to injury a. opiates b. oxytocin c. steroids d. estrogens

a. opiates

An important concern about using methylphenidate to treat ADHD is that: a. research on its effectiveness and safety has been sone almost exclusively on non-hispanic white American children b. most ADHD children are better off if they are not treated with methylphenidate c. negative side effects are serious enough to discourage the use of methylphenidate among adolescence d. methylphenidate is not effective in managing ADHD symptoms

a. research on its effectiveness and safety has been sone almost exclusively on non-hispanic white American children

When it comes to heritability of disordered eating, genes are more closely related to ______ than ______. a. responsiveness to satiety; hunger b. appetite; responsiveness to satiety c. appetite; hunger d. hunger; appetite

a. responsiveness to satiety; hunger

The individual who displays serious psychotic symptoms, but would not benefit from being sent to a large state psychiatric hospital for a long period of time, would BEST be served by: a. short-term hospitalization in a local psychiatric unit b. a sheltered workshop c. aftercare d. a halfway house

a. short-term hospitalization in a local psychiatric unit

Which statement BEST describes the effectiveness of token economy strategies a. they are successful at changing the patient's behavior b. they are ineffective in the long run c. they reverse the programs of schizophrenia d. they are successful in altering the patient's distorted thinking

a. they are successful at changing the patient's behavior

According to Schneidman, how do death ignorers primarily differ from other categories of people who attempt suicide? a. they believe death will not end their existence b. they employ more lethal means c. they intend to end their lives with their action d. they believe they are merely speeding up an ongoing process

a. they believe death will not end their existence

When researchers offered a choice of a thin doll or a chubby doll to preschoolers, the children chose the: a. thin doll but didn't know why b. thin doll because they said they want to be thin themselves c. doll that looks most like them d. chubby doll but didn't know why

a. thin doll but didn't know why

Therapists who advise clients to resist following orders from their hallucinatory voices are using a technique from the cognitive-behavioral approach that involves. a. reattribution of their hallucinations b. challenging ideas about the power of hallucinations c. education about the biological causes of hallucinations d. ways of coping with unpleasant sensations

b. challenging ideas about the power of hallucinations

When it comes to hormonal inputs into sexual interest, ______ has more to do with sexual desire than ______ a. cortisol; estrogen b. cortisol; testosterone c. testosterone; cortisol d. testosterone; leptin

b. cortisol; testosterone

Studies examining the effectiveness of gender-sensitive programs for treating substance abuse have shown that substance abusers of different genders have: a. the same physical, but different psychological, reactions to drugs b. different physical and psychological reactions to drugs c. different physical, but the same psychological, reactions to drugs d. about the same physical and psychological reactions to drugs

b. different physical and psychological reactions to drugs

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is less commonly diagnosed in ____ than in ____. a. adults; children b. girls; boys c. boys; girls d. adolescents; children

b. girls; boys

A drug that produces effects similar to what neurotransmitters called endorphins produce is: a. LSD b. heroin c. methamphetamine d. cortisol

b. heroin

The most common cause of hallucinations and other perception problems in people with delirium is severe disruptions to... a. epigenetic factors b. homeostasis c. the frontal lobes d. the visual system

b. homeostasis

sensation: perception as... a. countries: map b. ingredients: cake c. text message: phone d. carton: milk

b. ingredients: cake

Which of the following is NOT considered a symptom of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder? a. problems with organization b. irritable and angry mood c. distractibility d. restlessness

b. irritable and angry mood

exposure and response prevention as treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a. changes behavior in the clinic but does not carry over to the home and the workplace b. leads to improvement that often continues indefinitely c. is effective only in a group setting d. works only about 25% of those individuals whoa re treated with it

b. leads to improvement that often continues indefinitely

An orgasm is a sexual tension that is triggered by: a. sudden drops in prolactin b. muscle contractions c. vascular congestion d. cardiac relaxation

b. muscle contractions

Which statement accurately reflects current thinking about psychosis and schizophrenia a. schizophrenia and psychosis are two distinctly different syndromes b. people with different diagnoses can exhibit psychosis; it is not limited to schizophrenia c. people with bipolar disorder or major depression don't exhibit psychosis; only people with schizophrenia do d. psychotic behavior is best labeled as schizophrenia

b. people with different diagnoses can exhibit psychosis; it is not limited to schizophrenia

Which one of these would be considered a symptom of an eating disorder? a. mysophobia b. pica c. phagophobia d. emetophobia

b. pica

Type I schizophrenia is to ____, as Type II schizophrenia is to ____. a. negative symptoms; positive symptoms b. positive symptoms; negative symptoms c. prodromal phase; acute phase d. acute phase; prodromal phase

b. positive symptoms; negative symptoms

Which of these would NOT be a treatment strategy used in harm reduction therapy for non-suicidal self-injury? a. getting a small tattoo or piercing in a well-regulated, sterile studio instead of cutting or burning the skin b. taking away someone's cutting implements c. doing very strenuous physical exercise when you feel very agitated or distressed d. replacing old blades with disposable, sterilized cutting implements

b. taking away someone's cutting implements

Which sign would MOST likely suggest that an adolescent is part of an enmeshed family? a. the adolescent spends a significant amount of time on social media b. the adolescent's emotional state mirrors that of his mother c. the mother insists that the family eat dinner together every night d. the adolescent prefers to play video games rather than play outside

b. the adolescent's emotional state mirrors that of his mother

Which of the following research methods measures implicit attentional biases? a. the face recognition task b. the dot-probe task c. the functional cognition task d. the reaction formation task

b. the dot-probe task

According to cognitive-behavioral theorists, why do patients engage in compulsive behaviors a. they need a higher level of anxiety than average to be productive b. those behaviors reduce anxiety and are thus negatively reinforced c. they are irrational thinkers d. they have been punished in the past for engaging in the compulsive behaviors

b. those behaviors reduce anxiety and are thus negatively reinforced

When it is part of psychological syndrome, polyphagia is more commonly seen with other _____ symptoms. a. affective b. vegetative c. cognitive d. behavioral

b. vegetative

When would religious rituals and superstitious behavior (such as not stepping on cracks) be considered compulsive behaviors? a. never b. when they interfere with daily function and cause distress c. when done to provide comfort and reduce tension d. when done more than once a day

b. when they interfere with daily function and cause distress

Over-filtering of sensory information leads to ____ perceptions, which are experienced as incomplete and "sketchy". a. diluted b. psychotic c. impoverished d. dull

c. impoverished

Many people have suicidal thoughts, but many fewer attempt suicide: therefore, suicidal thinking has poor _____ for predicting suicidal attempts. a. 1 and 2 are true b. none of these are true c. 2. validity d. 3. efficacy e. 1. reliability

c. 2. validity

Which parents would be LEAST likely to have children who receive effective treatment for ADHD? a. African Americans with private health insurance b. non-Hispanic white Americans with private health insurance c. African Americans who are medicaid-insured d. non-Hispanic white Americans who are Medicaid-insured

c. African Americans who are medicaid-insured

Which statement about recovery from anorexia is true? a. most patients who recover from anorexia continue to experience significant interpersonal problems and few get to stay married b. The death rate from anorexia has been increasing recently c. Anorexic behavior recurs in about one-third of recovered patients d. few recovered patients continue to discuss concern about weight and appearance

c. Anorexic behavior recurs in about one-third of recovered patients

Lin has been taking a conventional antipsychotic drug to treat psychosis such as auditory hallucinations. After about 9 months, Lin has started to experience muscle tremors and muscle rigidity. It is likely that she is experiencing a. catatonia b. tardive dyskinesia c. Parkinsonian symptoms d. neuroleptic malignant syndrome

c. Parkinsonian symptoms

A person with schizophrenia demonstrates poverty of speech and experiences auditory hallucinations. According to "Type I- Type II" evaluation categorization, this person would be: a. Type I b. neither Type I nor Type II, because these types apply only the prodromal phase c. a mix of Type I and Type II d. Type II

c. a mix of Type I and Type II

In general, the closer that people are genetically related to someone with schizophrenia, the more likely they are to be diagnosed with schizophrenia as well. This is evidence of _____ between a schizophrenia diagnosis and the degree of closeness of relationship. a. no clear relationship b. a negative correlation c. a positive correlation d. a causal relationship

c. a positive correlation

When a patient on a psychiatric ward makes his bed, brushes his teeth, or helps another patient to carry their food tray, he gets a plastic chip. He can exchange the plastic chips he has earned for extra privileges, such as more time in the game room to play video games. This example illustrates the basic features of: a. social therapy b. milieu therapy c. a token economy d. a behavioral contract

c. a token economy

Which of these drugs acts by directly stimulating a reward center in the brain, rather than indirect action? a. marijuana b. opium c. cocaine d. alcohol

c. cocaine

The individual MOST at risk of suicide is someone who: a. felt trapped in their marriage and just recently divorced b. is a devout Muslim c. has become increasingly isolated from others, and adopted an overall more hopeless and rigid beliefs d. recently escaped from an abusive environment and is now living with family

c. has become increasingly isolated from others, and adopted an overall more hopeless and rigid beliefs

antidepressants that are effective in treating obsessive- compulsive disorder serve to: a. increase the level of all brain neurotransmitters b. decrease serotonin activity in the brain c. increase serotonin activity in the brain d. increase norepinephrine activity in the base

c. increase serotonin activity in the brain

Which statement is NOT usually true of those persons with body dysmorphic disorder? a. they are concerned about a particular part of their body b. about half seek surgical or dermatological treatments c. most disorder-specific behaviors would be considered normal for a teenager d. they reduce contacts with others

c. most disorder-specific behaviors would be considered normal for a teenager

The controversy regarding research with animals centers on the: a. lack of standards for using animals in research b. fact that animal research really doesn't contribute to human well-being c. rights of animals versus their usefulness in understanding human problems d. financial cost of using animals versus the cost of research with humans

c. rights of animals versus their usefulness in understanding human problems

Illusions occur because our brain is adapted to react to certain kinds of stimuli in ways that improve our... a. consciousness b. attention and memory c. survival (and chance of reproduction) d. ability to detect what is truly out in the real world

c. survival (and chance of reproduction)

The main difference between schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder is: a. the type of symptoms that are present b. the severity of the symptoms that are present c. the duration of symptoms d. the number of symptoms

c. the duration of symptoms

Which is the best example of retrospective analysis? a. researchers ask college students to write suicide notes to study what they think is the motivation for suicide b. individuals who have made suicide attempts are part of a suicide education program c. therapists who had patients who committed suicide are interviewed to gain information on suicide d. adolescents at high risk for suicide are treated through a suicide prevention center

c. therapists who had patients who committed suicide are interviewed to gain information on suicide

A typical caller to an urban suicide prevention center is: a. elderly, male, white b. elderly, female, white c. young, female, African American d. young, male, African American

c. young, female, African American

Imagine that your neighbor, who is being treated for schizophrenia, says that she has mostly negative symptoms of schizophrenia and is afraid of the extrapyramidal side effects of medication. She asks you what she should do. Based on current research, the BEST response is: a. "any medication should work about as well as any other medication" b. "try conventional antipsychotic drugs; they should work best" c. "avoid all types of medication and stick to insight therapy" d. "try atypical antipsychotics; they should work best."

d. "try atypical antipsychotics; they should work best."

About what percentage of people who attempt suicide use alcohol just before they act? a. 10% b. 35% c. 20% d. 70%

d. 70%

In which countries do we see the highest rates of religious/moral obsessions? a. European countries b. Asian countries c. West African Countries d. Middle-Eastern countries

d. Middle-Eastern countries

Which description BEST defines self-injury a. the most common method of parasuicide b. an accident that causes personal pain and distress c. a psychological disorder d. a behavioral pattern of mutilating oneself or causing oneself pain

d. a behavioral pattern of mutilating oneself or causing oneself pain

Spike cannot leave for work without going back into his room and making sure that he has multiple packs of cigarettes and all of his tools. He does this several times before he allows himself to start his engine travel to his next job. He is frequently late for pickups for his job because he is so unsure about remembering everything. Spike is displaying: a. non-pathological caution b. agoraphobia c. an obsession d. a checking compulsion

d. a checking compulsion

"To reduce your risk from suicide, you must redirect you Thanatos" is a remark MOST likely to be made by what kind of mental health professional? a. a psychiatrist prescribing medication b. a social worker who uses cognitive restructuring c. a counselor who has been playing a lot of Hades lately d. a therapist with a psychodynamic orientation

d. a therapist with a psychodynamic orientation

Which of these would MOST likely help an overweight person to reduce weight a. a ways to safely block GLP-1 in humans b. a way to safely deactivate the ventromedial hypothalamus in humans c. a way to safely activate the lateral hypothalamus in humans d. a way to safely increase the GLP-1 in humans

d. a way to safely increase the GLP-1 in humans

What is one important way obsessions and compulsions are related? a. obsessions generally lead to violent or immoral compulsions b. compulsions are a way to prevent obsessions from occurring c. obsessions are usually not related to compulsions d. compulsions help people feel like they can control their obsessions, and relieve some of the anxiety related to the obsessions

d. compulsions help people feel like they can control their obsessions, and relieve some of the anxiety related to the obsessions

Racial/ethnic differences in schizophrenia are greatest among people who are... a. well-educated b. survivors of trauma c. veterans d. homeless

d. homeless

Which of these is NOT one of the areas of the brain implicated in psychosis? a. prefrontal lobe b. thalamus c. hippocampus d. medulla

d. medulla

What is the most common long-term outcome of dieting to lose weight a. developing an eating disorder b. permanently lowering the body's metabolism rate c. maintaining a lower- but not the lowest- weight d. regaining the weight

d. regaining the weight

Which person is MOST likely to have bulimia based on the descriptions provided? a. someone who exercises compulsively and meticulously plans and tracks every meal b. someone who has lost 40 pounds in four months by eliminating sweets from his or her diet c. someone who often feels out of control while eating and tends to eat even when not hungry d. someone who repeatedly gorges on food and as a result spends an excessive amount of time working out

d. someone who repeatedly gorges on food and as a result spends an excessive amount of time working out

What is the scientific name for hair-pulling disorder? a. musomania b. gephyromania c. traumatomania d. trichotillomania

d. trichotillomania

When it comes to side effects, the strongest predictor of poor outcomes when taking psychiatric medications for women is _____ and for men is ______ a. sexual dysfunction; attention problems b. attention problems; weight gain c. weight gain; attention problems d. weight gain; sexual dysfunction

d. weight gain; sexual dysfunction

T/F: People's degree of interest in social interactions and attention skills are unrelated

false

T/F: women experience more negative symptoms of schizophrenia, while men experience more positive symptoms

false

inattention

inability to engage focus, even on rewarding stimuli

Distractibility

inability to maintain attention on low-reward stimuli once attention has been engaged

T/F: there is an earlier onset of schizophrenia in boys/men than in girls/women

true