Exam #3 GI, Respiratory

Ondansetron (zofran)

prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of chemotherapy -8mg PO or IV -administer 30-60 minutes prior

what is the purpose of cromolyn

prevents release of inflammatory substances

antihistamines

produces drowsiness

what are proton pumps responsible for?

producing hydrogen ion

what is albuterol considered as?

"rescue inhaler" -used for acute exacerbations of lung disease

prevention and treatment for COPD

-Reduce environmental exposure to irritants -Smoking cessation -Avoid exposure to known irritants and allergens -Open the conducting airways through muscular bronchodilation -Decrease the effects of inflammation on the airway lining

Steps to using albuterol inhaler

1. remove cap and shake inhaler 2. breathe out all the way 3. breathe in and press down on the inhaler 4. hold your breath and count to 10 5. slowly breathe out

What drug enhances the output of respiratory tract fluid by reducing the adhesiveness and surface tension of the fluid, which facilitates the removal of viscous mucous? A. guaifenesin B. flunisolide C. acetylcysteine D. dextromethorphan

A. guaifenesin

The nurse is caring for a patient taking Budesonide. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient? A. risk for injury related to immunosuppression B. risk for injury related to CNS effects C. risk for injury related to CVS effects D. risk for injury related to age and risk of infection

A. risk for injury related to immunosuppression

A nurse is teaching a client who is to start taking famotidine for peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as understanding of the teaching? A. "I will stop taking famotidine when my stomach pain is gone" B. "I know smoking makes famotidine less effective" C. "I will take famotidine anytime my stomach hurts" D. "I know that famotidine will turn my stool black"

B. "I know smoking makes famotidine less effective"

Which of the following is a very popular OTC laxative? A. cascara B. magnesium citrate C. Bisacodyl D. polycarbophil

B. Magnesium Citrate

What H2 antagonist has been associated with antiandrogenic effects? A. famotidine B. cimetidine C. nizatidine D. ranitidine

B. cimetidine

A nurse is planning care for a client who is prescribed metoclopramide following bowel surgery. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? A. muscle weakness B. sedation C. tinnitus D. peripheral edema

B. sedation

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gastric ulcer and a new prescription for ranitidine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "take the medication on an empty stomach for full effectiveness" B. "you may discontinue this medication when stomach discomfort subsides" C. "report yellowing of the skin" D. "store the medication in the refrigerator"

C. "report yellowing of the skin" -Hepatotoxic

Which of the following is an adverse reaction to topical steroids? A. increased nasal drainage B. rebound effect C. suppression of healing D. local ulceration

C. Suppression of healing

A nurse if providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start a new prescription for sucralfate. Which of the following actions of sucralfate should the nurse include in the teaching? A. decreases stomach acid secretion B. neutralizes acids in the stomach C. form a protective barrier over ulcers D. treats ulcers by eradicating H. pylori

C. form a protective barrier over ulcers -antipeptic agent that forms a healing complex

Drug act in several ways on the secretions of the GI tract. Which action affects the GI secretions least? A. decreases secretory activity B. blocks secretions C. replaces secretions D. prevents erosions

C. replaces secretions

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to start treatment for asthma with beclomethasone and albuterol inhalers. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "take beclomethasone to avoid an acute attack" B. "use beclomethasone 5 minutes before using albuterol" C. "limit your calcium and vitamin D intake when taking beclomethasone" D. "rinse your mouth after inhaling the beclomethasone"

D. "rinse your mouth after inhaling the beclomethasone"

what can guaifenesin be combined with?

DM

peptic ulcer disease

Erosions in the lining of the stomach and adjacent areas of the GI tract

cause of peptic ulcer disease

H. pylori

adverse effects of Aluminum salts?

constipation

adverse effect of prostaglandins?

contraction of uterus -if patient is pregnant, baby will be aborted

sympathetic adverse effects of oral decongestants

increase BP

what is the antidote for acetaminophen toxicity?

acetylcysteine

cimetidine (Tagamet)

anti-androgenic that will cause gynecomastia in males

advantage of ICS

anti-inflammatory effect

why should antacids be given daily?

avoid rebound acid effect

which antidiarrheal drug produces Reyes syndrome?

bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

antitussives

block the cough reflex

advantage of anticholinergics?

bronchodilator but does not increase HR

what is an example of a stress-induced ulcer?

burn injury

peptic ulcer disease symptoms

burning pain, often occurring after meals

decongestants

decrease blood flow to the upper respiratory tract and decrease overproduction of secretions -alpha 1 agonist

Adverse effects of Magnesium salts?

diarrhea

mucolytics

directly lyse to liquefy secretions

what is the most common adverse effect of ipratropium?

dry mouth

what are antacids coupled with?

electrolytes

what are antipeptic agents good for?

good for existing ulcer to prevent further injury or contact with acid

why is an adverse effect of antacids alkalosis?

if acids are neutralized, pH will increase and alkalosis will dominate

onset effects of antacids

immediate onset -give first, then H2 second as maintenance

expectorants

increase productive cough to clear airways

disadvantage of ICS

increases blood sugar (hyperglycemia) increases risk for infection

function of prostaglandins?

inhibits acid but favors mucous

why should you avoid alcohol when taking antihistamines?

it will exacerbate drowsiness and sedation

purpose of inhaled corticosteroids

maintenance pump to control asthma

1st gen antihistamines

more profound sedation

rebound congestion

opposite of intended effect of the drug

what is famotidine (Pepcid) usually used for?

pediatrics

why is a spacer needed for children with asthma as a way to suspend medication and administer?

reduces the amount of coordination required to inhale the particles

duodenal ulcer

relieved by food intake

gastric ulcer

relieved by skipping meals