Exam 4 Chapter 15 & 16 The Senses
In the ANS how many nerves are between the CNS and the organ?
2
Which of the following is characteristic of a sympathetic nervous system response?
Emergency situations, where the body needs a sudden burst of energy. Increases cardiac output and pulmonary ventilation. Routes blood to the muscles. Raises blood glucose. Slows down digestion, kidney filtration and other functions not needed during emergencies.
Receptors responsible for the control of muscle contractions are
Golgi tendon organs
Which of the following is characteristic of a parasympathetic nervous system response?
Promotes normal maintenance of the body- acquiring building blocks and energy from food and getting rid of the wastes. Promotes secretions and mobility of different parts of the digestive tract. Is involved in urination, defecation. The vagus nerve (cranial number 10) is the chief parasympathetic nerve.
When a sense receptor is stimulated what happens?
Receptors generate an action potential. Sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system carry the impulse to the central nervous system. The brain processes this information and makes a suitable response.
What is the neurotransmitter used between the postganlionic neuron and the organ in a parasympathetic synapse?
acetylcholine
What is the neurotransmitter used between the preganlionic neuron and the ganglion in the ANS?
acetylcholine in sypathetic and parasypathetic fibers
Decreased sensitivity to a continued stimulus is called
adaption
What organ, found on the superior organ of the kidney, may release both norepinephrine and epinephrine in emergency situations?
adrenal medulla
What is the specialized mechanoreceptor which detects pressure changes in the walls of blood vessels and in portions of the digestive, reproductive, and urinary tracts?
baroreceptors
What is the receptor type for smell?
chemoreceptors
Mechanoreceptors respond to
compression of receptors.
Which of the following are true of the autonomic nervous system?
coordinates involuntary functions of the body system allowing smooth coordinated body homeostasis may also be called the ANS
Pacinian corpuscles respond to
deep cutaneous pressure and vibration.
What is the receptor type that provides information about the external environment ?
exteroceptors
Which area of the brain is involved in the coordination of ANS responses?
hypothalmus
What is the receptor type that monitors visceral organs and functions for ?
interoceptors
What is the receptor type for touch?
mechanoreceptors
Specialized muscle fibers associated with detection of muscle length are
muscle spindles
What is the receptor sight for pain?
nociceptors
What is the neurotransmitter used between the postganlionic neuron and the organ in a sympathetic synapse?
norepinephrine
What is the receptor type for sight?
photoreceptors
Vision is dependent upon
photoreceptors.
The afferent division of the nervous system delivers somatic sensory information to the
primary sensory cortex of the cerebral hemispheres or appropriate areas of the cerebellar hemispheres.
The ability to localize the position of body parts is called
proprioception
What is the receptor type for proprioception ?
proprioceptor
The afferent division of the nervous system delivers visceral sensory information to the
reflex centers in the brain stem and diencephalon.
If an action potential from a sensory receptor receaches the cerebrum it may be called a
sensation
The body perceives and reacts to its environment through which body system?
sensory
The sensory system is divided into
special senses and general senses
What is the receptor type for temperature?
thermoreceptors
