Exam 4: Chapter 16 (Multiple Choice)

Research has found that individuals with antisocial personality disorder often seem to experience less _____________ than other people, a key ingredient to learning. A. discipline B. anxiety C. reflection D. processing skills

anxiety

Psychodynamic explanations for dependent personality disorder are very similar to those for: A. mania. B. psychosis. C. depression. D. attachment disorder.

depression.

Which is not an area listed in the DSM-5 as required to be affected by a personality disorder? A. intelligence B. cognition C. affectivity D. interpersonal functioning

intelligence

Psychodynamic theorists believe that people who develop antisocial personality disorder have failed to develop a sense of: A. industry. B. identity. C. doubt. D. trust.

trust

Which of the following is not a problem with the DSM-5 categories of personality disorder? A. Some of the criteria used to diagnose personality disorders cannot be observed directly. B. All of the personality disorders are seen more in men than in women, suggesting a bias in diagnostic criteria. C. Some personality disorders within a cluster, or even between clusters, may be very similar. D. People with quite different personalities may qualify for the same personality disorder diagnosis.

All of the personality disorders are seen more in men than in women, suggesting a bias in diagnostic criteria.

_____________, which helps clients increase their ability to tolerate distress, learn new social skills, and respond more effectively to life situations, is considered the treatment of choice in many clinical circles for borderline personality disorder. A. Rational-emotive behavioral therapy B. Psychodynamic theory C. Social modeling therapy D. Dialectical behavioral therapy

Dialectical behavioral therapy

Which of the following statements is true of the relationship between obsessive-compulsive anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder? A. Researchers have not found a specific link between the two disorders. B. People with obsessive-compulsive anxiety disorder usually develop obsessive-compulsive personality disorder within 3 years. C. In order to be diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, there must be a history of suffering from obsessive-compulsive anxiety disorder at some point in the person's life. D. Researchers have found that both disorders are related to a decrease in the neurotransmitter GABA in the prefrontal cortex of the brain.

Researchers have not found a specific link between the two disorders.

What is the primary distinction between the beliefs of someone with paranoid personality disorder and someone with paranoid schizophrenia? A. The beliefs of someone with paranoid personality disorder are usually delusional, while the beliefs of someone with paranoid schizophrenia? B. The beliefs of someone with paranoid personality disorder are not usually delusional, while the beliefs of someone with paranoid schizophrenia are. C. Both individuals will suffer from delusions, but only those with paranoid schizophrenia will suffer from bizarre delusions. D. The beliefs of both individuals are based on real encounters with others and are accurate perceptions of the real world.

The beliefs of someone with paranoid personality disorder are not usually delusional, while the beliefs of someone with paranoid schizophrenia are.

Personality disorders typically become recognizable in: A. early childhood. B. middle childhood. C. middle age. D. adolescence or early adulthood.

adolescence or early adulthood.

Freudian theorists suggest that people with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are: A. anal expulsive. B. anal regressive. C. oral retentive. D. oral regressive.

anal regressive.

DSM-5 stipulates that a person must be at least 18 years of age to receive the diagnosis of ______________ personality disorder. A. histrionic B. narcissistic C. antisocial D. obsessive-compulsive

antisocial

People with ___________ personality disorder are sometimes described as "psychopaths" or "sociopaths." A. borderline B. obsessive-compulsive C. antisocial D. narcissistic

antisocial

The cluster of "dramatic" personality disorders includes which of the following personality disorders? A. antisocial, borderline, and avoidant B. narcissistic, histrionic, paranoid, and obsessive-compulsive C. antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic D. antisocial, borderline, and schizotypal

antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic

A personality disorder characterized by a pattern of clinging and obedience, fear of separation, and ongoing need to be taken care of is: A. histrionic personality disorder. B. narcissistic personality disorder. C. dependent personality disorder. D. avoidant personality disorder.

dependent personality disorder.

Which of the following treatment approaches is of limited help for sufferers of paranoid personality disorder? A. object relationship therapy B. drug therapy C. cognitive therapy D. behavioral therapy

drug therapy

Which is not a description of the three clusters of DSM-5 personality disorders? A. odd or eccentric behavior B. dramatic behavior C. high degree of anxiety D. high degree of learned helplessness

high degree of learned helplessness

Which of the personality disorders was once called "hysterical personality disorder" and involves individuals who are typically described as emotionally charged and seeking to be the center of attention? A. histrionic B. schizotypal C. narcissistic D. antisocial

histrionic

People with ___________ personality disorder are generally grandiose, need much admiration, and feel no empathy with others. A. antisocial B. histrionic C. narcissistic D. paranoid

narcissistic

The cluster of "anxious" personality disorders includes avoidant, dependent, and _______________ personality disorders. A. paranoid B. antisocial C. histrionic D. obsessive-compulsive

obsessive-compulsive

The basic structure of personality may consist of five "supertraits," which do not include: A. neuroticism. B. paranoia. C. extraversion. D. openness to experiences.

paranoia

The "odd" cluster of personality disorders consists of which personality disorders? A. paranoid, antisocial, borderline B. paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal C. antisocial, borderline, avoidant D. dependent, obsessive-compulsive, borderline

paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal

An enduring, rigid pattern of inner experience and outward behavior is known as a: A. character flaw. B. character disorder. C. personality disorder. D. schizoaffective disorder.

personality disorder.

Enduring and predictable behavioral consistencies are often called: A. learned characteristics. B. inherited characteristics. C. personality traits. D. character traits.

personality traits.

What is the primary reason that people with schizoid personality disorder avoid social contact? A. paranoid feelings B. distrust of others C. fear of rejection D. preference to be alone

preference to be alone

Which of the following is not one of the biological factors that are common to people with schizophrenia and people with schizotypal personality disorder? A. reduced activity of serotonin B. enlarged brain ventricles C. high activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine D. loss of gray matter

reduced activity of serotonin

People with _____________ personality disorder persistently avoid and are removed from social relationships and demonstrate little in the way of emotion. A. avoidant B. schizoid C. obsessive-compulsive D. schizotypal

schizoid

People with one of the "odd" clusters of personality disorders often qualify for an additional diagnosis of: A. schizophrenia. B. depression. C. obsessive-compulsive disorder. D. mental retardation.

schizophrenia.

People with ____________ personality disorder display a range of interpersonal problems marked by extreme discomfort in close relationships, odd patterns of thinking and perceiving, and behavioral eccentricities. A. schizoid B. schizoaffective C. schizotypal D. avoidant

schizotypal

Which is not a personality tendency that would be included in the new DSM-5 diagnosis that is called personality disorder trait specified (PDTS), according to your chapter? A. manipulativeness B. attention-seeking C. hostility D. sexual promiscuity

sexual promiscuity

Which is not given as a theory for why people with antisocial personality disorder experience less anxiety than other people? A. slow EEG waves B. slow EKG waves C. low brain and bodily arousal D. slow autonomic arousal

slow EKG

Men are ___________ as likely as women to display obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. A. five times B. twice C. four times D. one and one-half times

twice

According to a large body of research with diverse populations, how many "supertraits," or factors, may describe the basic structure of personality? A. 3 B. 5 C. 10 D. 16

5

____________ personality disorder was formerly a name for histrionic personality disorder. A. Hysterical B. Borderline C. Dramatic D. Narcissistic

Hysterical

Which of the following is not a quality/skill that may shift in a sufferer of borderline personality disorder? A. friends B. sexual orientation C. athletic ability D. goals and aspirations

athletic ability

The diagnostic features of which of the following personality disorder bear the greatest similarity to people who are diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (social phobia)? A. avoidant B. schizoid C. narcissistic D. passive-agressive

avoidant

People with ___________ personality disorder display great instability, major shifts in mood, an unstable self-image, and impulsivity. A. narcissistic B. avoidant C. borderline D. obsessive-compulsive

borderline

The lack of consensus about the correct diagnosis of personality disorders question the ___________ of the DSM categories. A. validity B. reliability C. interrater opinion D. both a and b are correct

both a and b are correct

Children with ___________ and an accompanying _____________ disorder apparently have a heightened risk of developing antisocial personality disorder. A. conduct disorder; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder B. oppositional defiant disorder; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder C. reactive attachment disorder; attention-deficit disorder D. conduct disorder; oppositional defiant disorder

conduct disorder; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Of the following groups of people, which receives the least trust from society? A. fellow churchgoers B. police department C. clerks in stores D. congressional members

congressional members

Psychodynamic therapists believe that people with histrionic personality disorders are trying to defend against a deep-seated fear of: A. being alone. B. becoming penniless. C. loss. D. mistrust.

loss.