Exam Juan
Approximately _____ different languages are spoken in Africa.
1,000
The number of languages spoken worldwide is between __________.
5,000 and 6,000
Torah
A Jewish holy text containing a compilation of early laws and Jewish legends.
lingua franca
A common language or mixture of languages for purposes of trade or communication.
popular culture
A contemporary lifestyle which is widespread and changes rapidly.
subculture
A culture that exists within a larger culture but is differentiated from the majority group for reasons such as beliefs, customs, ethnic background, or religion.
local culture
A culture that is defined by a particular region or location.
Shia
A group of Muslims who believe that only people directly descended from Muhammad should lead.
Sunni
A group of Muslims who believe that the Islamic leader should be the most qualified person.
Afrikaans
A hybridization of Dutch, African, and other languages that is used in South Africa.
official language
A language given a special legal status within a country.
Creole
A later form of a pidgin language, which has a complex structure and vocabulary and many native speakers.
Which of the following is an example of cultural assimilation?
A new immigrant from Mexico learns how to speak English after enrolling in an American school.
accent
A variation in the pronunciation of a word.
As a religious faith, Candomblé appropriates beliefs from both __________.
African faiths and Catholicism
Which of the following characteristics is not shared by the faiths of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam?
All three are polytheistic religions
The language of Afrikaans was influenced by all of the following languages except __________.
American Indian languages
Qur'an
An Islamic holy text containing laws and prophecies written by the prophet Muhammad.
Which of the following statements about language in Canada is true?
Canada's government wants to preserve French within the province of Quebec.
Which of the following languages is spoken by the most people in the world today?
Chinese
As of 2009, the largest and most widespread religion in the world was __________.
Christianity
Which of the following religions is practiced by the largest percentage of the world's population?
Christianity
Which of the following statements about the spread of Christianity is false? Imperialism and colonization promoted the spread of Christianity. B. Colonists and migrants are mostly responsible for bringing Christianity to North America. C. Many people in Latin America were forced to convert to Christianity. D. Christianity did not spread to as many people as Islam did; Christianity is the world's second-largest religion.
Christianity did not spread to as many people as Islam did; Christianity is the world's second-largest religion.
African slaves who were brought to the New World adopted the religious practices of the __________.
Christians
Conflict between __________ has been raging in Nigeria since 1999.
Christians and Muslims
In Buddhism, the __________ provides a set of concepts to improve life and reach enlightenment.
Eightfold Path
Which of the following people is responsible for making the Christian faith the official religion of the Roman Empire?
Emperor Constantine
adherents
Followers of a religion, idea, or leader.
heterogeneous
Having different or dissimilar parts.
hearth
In a religious context, the home or birthplace of a religion.
The English language is part of which language family?
Indo-European
The Tuareg culture exhibits a combination of __________.
Islamic and pre-Islamic traditions
Which of the following statements about the history of Judaism is false?
Judaism is considered an important religion today due to the large percentage of people on Earth who follow its beliefs.
Which of the following statements about the history of Judaism is false? A. Judaism is considered an important religion today due to the large percentage of people on Earth who follow its beliefs. B. The kingdom of Israel was conquered by the Babylonian Empire, and later by the Roman Empire. C. Judaism spread throughout the eastern Mediterranean Basin. D. Jews faced persecution throughout their history.
Judaism is considered an important religion today due to the large percentage of people on Earth who follow its beliefs.
Which of the following lists the correct order in which the three religions were founded, from oldest to newest?
Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Which of the following statements best characterizes the differences between monotheism, polytheism, and animism?
Monotheism refers to a belief in one god, polytheism refers to a belief in multiple gods, and animism refers to a belief in the spiritual power of nature.
What was the most important reason the city of Boston chose to fill in much of their swampy land and coastal areas?
More land was needed for its growing population.
missionaries
People sent to an area by a religious organization to teach the inhabitants about their religion in hopes of converting them.
enlightenment
Pure knowledge about oneself and the world.
dialects
Regional or local versions of languages; may incorporate new vocabulary or pronunciation.
In what geographic region were both Buddhism and Hinduism founded?
South Asia
Dharmic
Term used by some to refer to the faiths of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism
reincarnation
The belief that the soul comes back in a new form when the body dies.
Diaspora
The dispersion of Jews away from their homelands in Israel and Palestine.
the Eightfold Path
The eight goals of a person seeking enlightenment.
pidgin
The evolution of a lingua franca over time, which creates a combination of parts of languages.
Mahayanna
The later school of Buddhist thought, which is commonly practiced in China, Japan, and Tibet.
Theravada
The oldest form of Buddhism, which is commonly practiced in India and South Asia.
Why did so many Native American peoples adopt Christianity in Latin America during the 1500s?
The pope required that the Spanish monarchs make the conversion of native peoples to Christianity a priority during colonization.
appropriation
The process by which a culture adopts customs, beliefs, or knowledge from other cultures for its own benefit.
assimilation
The process by which a person or group acquires the social, political, and economic standards of another group in order to become fully integrated within a culture.
diffusion
The process by which an aspect or piece of culture is spread from one society to another
acculturation
The process by which members of one cultural group adopt the beliefs and behaviors of another group. adapt: To adjust to different conditions
integration
The process of absorbing outside culture.
If we were to examine a vocabulary word for two languages in the same language family (for example, English and German), which of the following would be the most likely result?
The spelling of the two words might be similar, and some sounds might be the same.
adapt
To adjust to different conditions.
The Torah consists of five books that include __________.
a compilation of Judaic law
Tuareg men wear a veil (tagelmust) for all of the following reasons, except __________.
because Sharia law dictates that Muslim men must wear veils
Haitian Creole developed through the process of language __________.
convergence
The changes to Boston's harbor and land area are examples of the ability of __________ to manipulate and change the __________.
culture . . . environment
The spreading of soccer around the world is an example of cultural __________.
diffusion
Quebecois French __________.
diverged from Parisian French
Which of the following beliefs is not included in Islam's Six Articles of Faith?
faith in the Vedas as sacred texts
Despite external influences, cultures don't change.
false
Popular culture __________.
is fluid and can change quickly
In Candomblé, orixás are __________.
lesser deities with individual personalities who serve the all-powerful god Olodumare
A culture made of a group of people in a particular region or location with shared customs, values, traits, and experiences that are easily identified is called
local culture.
Appropriation is best described as the process by which __________.
one culture adopts features from a nearby culture for its own benefit
Languages are grouped into families based on __________.
origin, sound, and words
The name of the culture that exists within the dominant culture is ⇒
subculture.
Which of the following is not included in the Christian Bible?
the first three books of the Qur'an
The term "Diaspora" refers to __________.
the spread of Judaism through the Middle East and southern Europe
Buddhism is both a religion and a philosophy.
true
Cultures may adopt the values and practices of other groups.
true
English and Punjabi belong to the same language family.
true
Language shapes culture, and culture shapes language.
true
Religion is a set of devoutly followed beliefs that often explain the creation of the universe and the nature of human existence.
true