Face & Neck Review Questions

Which of the following statements is true concerning the thyroid gland?

The thyroid gland is a endocrine gland.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE concerning the parathyroid glands?

They are responsible for regulating calcitonin.

T/F. Men are more likely to have thyroid abnormalities.

false

What structure may be confused for a thyroid or a parathyroid mass because of its relationship to the trachea and the posterior aspect of the left thyroid gland? A. esophagus B. common carotid artery C. internal jugular vein D. sternothyroid

A. esophagus

Which of the following is associated with congenital muscular torticollis? A. fibromatosis colli B. branchial cleft cyst C. pleomorphic adenoma D. sialadenosis

A. fibromatosis colli

Which of the following not a typical sonographic findings consistent with Grave disease?

Hypoemic flow

Which of the following is not a typical clinical feature of Grave disease?

Weight gain

Which of the following best describes the normal appearance of a cervical lymph node? A. a hypoechoic, oblong structure with a distinct echogenic hilum B. a rounded, echogenic structure with small calcifications C. a solid, hypoechoic mass that measures greater than 1cm D. a solid, echogenic mass that measures less than 1 cm

A. a hypoechoic, oblong structure with a distinct echogenic hilum

Normally, how many parathyroid glands are found within the adult neck? A. 3 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

B. 4

A 30-year-old patient presents to the sonography dept for a thyroid sonogram with a history of weight loss, hair loss, and hyperthyroidism. You note that the patient has bulging eyes. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Hashimoto disease B. Graves disease C. hyperparathyroidism D. cervical lymphadenopathy

B. Graves disease

Which of the following does the thyroid gland utilize to produce its hormones? A. colloid B. iodine C. iron D. calcium

B. iodine

Which muscles are located posterior to each thyroid lobe? A. sternocleidomastoid B. longus colli C. sternohyoid D. omohyoid

B. longus colli

Which of the following is the most common form of thyroid cancer? A. follicular B. anaplastic C. lymphoma D. papillary

D. papillary

Which gland is located immediately anterior to the ear? A. submandibular gland B. sublingual gland C. thyroid gland D. parotid gland

D. parotid gland

Which of the following would more likely be a malignant thyroid nodule? A. cold nodule B. hot nodule

A. cold nodule

What type of gland is the thyroid gland? A. endocrine B. exocrine C. both A and B D. neither A or B

A. endocrine

Which of the following is the most common form of salivary gland cancer? A. mucoepidermoid carcinoma B. papillary carcinoma C. ancillary carcinoma D. meduallary carcinoma

A. mucoepidermoid carcinoma

A patient with hypercalcemia presents to the sonography dept for a neck sonogram. What abnormality in the neck should be suspected? A. parathyroid adenoma B. parotid gland enlargement C. thyroid papillary carcinoma D. Hashimoto thyroiditis

A. parathyroid adenoma

Which of the following measurement is most indicative of thyroid enlargement?

An isthmus that measures greater than 10 mm

Which abnormality is associated with the sonographic findings of a thyroid inferno? A. Hashimoto thyroiditis B. Graves disease C. hyperparathyroidism D. cervical lymphadenomapathy

B. Graves disease

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism? A. Graves disease B. Hashimoto disease C. papillary carcinoma D. parathyroid adenoma

B. Hashimoto disease

The superior extension of the thyroid isthmus is referred to as the: A. thyroglossal duct B. branchial cleft C. yodeler's lobe D. pyramidal lobe

D. pyramidal lobe

Which of the following is the term for stones within the salivary duct? A. sjogren syndrome B. torticollis C. cervical lymphadenopathy D. sialolithiasis

D. sialolithiasis

Which muscles are located anterior to the thyroid gland? A. sternocleidomastoid B. longus colli C. thyrocervical trunk D. strap

D. strap

Which muscles are located posterior to each thyroid lobe?

Longus colli muscles

The first branch of the external carotid artery is the:

Superior thyroid artery

Thyroid cyst most often contain a fluid called:

coloid

Enlargement of the lymph nodes is referred to as:

lymphadenopathy

Which of the following would be the most likely sonographic finding in the presence of thyroid papillary carcinoma?

microcalcifications

What form of thyroid cancer is the most common?

papillary

All of the following are sonographic findings of an abnormal lymph node except: A. rounded shape B. echogenic hilum C. calcifications D. enlargement

B. echogenic hilum

All of the following are sonographic findings of malignant thyroid nodules except: A. internal calcifications B. hyperechoic mass C. cervical node involvement D. solitary mass

B. hyperechoic mass

A 45-year-old female patient presents to the sonography dept with a palpable neck mass 6 months following a thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma. Which of the following would be the most likely etiology of the palpable mass? A. torticollis B. lymphadenopathy C. sialadenitis D. Graves disease

B. lymphadenopathy

Which vascular structure is located closest to the thyroid lobes? A. external carotid vein B. external carotid artery C. internal jugular vein D. common carotid artery

D. common carotid artery

Which muscles are located lateral to each thyroid lobe? A. sternocleidomastoid B. longus colli C. sternohyoid D. omohyoid

A. sternocleidomastoid

Which of the following is the hormone that is the most abundantly produced by the thyroid? A. thyroxine B. iodine C. triidothyroxinine D. calcitonin

A. thyroxine

Which of the following is an autoimmune disease that affects the glands that produce moisture, leading to disfunction of the salivary glands, and dryness of the eyes, nose, skin, and mouth? A. wharton syndrome B. sjogren syndrome C. stenson syndrome D. sialadenosis syndrome

B. sjogren syndrome

Which of the following is the duct that drains the submandibular gland? A. stensen duct B. wharton duct C. seigel duct D. partridge duct

B. wharton duct

The fluid produced by the thyroid gland that contains thyroid hormones is referred to as: A. thyroxine B. calcitonin C. colloid D. triiodothyronine

C. colloid

With what of the following is elevated serum calcium associated? A. Grave disease B. thyroglossal duct cyst C. parathyroid adenoma D. thyroid adenoma

C. parathyroid adenoma

Psammoma bodies are: A. hypoechoic structures B. comet-tail artifacts emanating from inside a collois mass C. punctate calcific deposits D. mural or wall nodules within a solid mass

C. punctate calcific deposits

Which muscle does fibromatosis colli mostly affect? A. omohyoid B. longus colli C. sternocleidomastoid D. infrahyoid

C. sternocleidomastoid

What is the first branch of the external carotid artery? A. internal carotid artery B. optic artery C. superior thyroid artery D. inferior thyroid artery

C. superior thyroid artery

Benign congenital cysts located superior to the thyroid gland near the hyoid bone are referred to as: A. branchial cleft cysts B. follicular adenomas C. thyroglossal duct cysts D. parathyroid adenomas

C. thyroglossal duct cysts

In the presence of hashimotos thyroiditis, the thyroid produces: A. too many thyroid hormones B. too much calcium C. too few thyroid hormones D. too much iodine

C. too few thyroid hormones

A normal lymph node will not measure greater than: A. 8mm B. 5mm C. 12mm D. 10mm

D. 10mm

A thyroid isthmus that measures greater than ______ is indicative of thyroid enlargement. A. 8mm B. 5mm C. 12mm D. 10mm

D. 10mm

Parathyroid glands control the release and absorption of which nutrient? A. thyroxine (T4) B. triiodothyronine (T3) C. calcitonin D. calcium

D. calcium

All of the following are diagnostic findings of a likely benign thyroid nodule except: A. anechoic nodule B. eggshell calcification C. hyperechoic nodule D. cold nodule

D. cold nodule

Which of the following would not be listed as a strap muscle?

sternocleidomastoid

What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism? A. Graves disease B. Hashimoto thyroiditis C. papillary carcinoma D. parathyroid adenoma

A. Graves disease

A cystic mass noted at the mandibular angle is most likely a: A. branchial cleft cyst B. follicular adenoma C. thyroglossal duct cyst D. parathyroid adenoma

A. branchial cleft cyst

Thyroid inferno is associated more with:

Graves disease

All of the following are associated with thyroid malignancy except:

anechoic mass

Graves disease is associated with:

hyperthyroidism

Most thyroid cancers are solid and _________.

hypoechoic

Which vessel within the neck has a more lateral location?

internal jugular vein

This mass was noted within the midline of the neck just above the thyroid gland. What is the most likely etiology of this mass?

thyroglossal duct cyst

Malignant thyroid lesions tend to be ________ on nuclear medicine studies.

cold

All of the following are hormones produced by the thyroid except: A. thyroxine B. iodine C. triidothyronine D. calcitonin

B. iodine