Fall 2020 Procedures RadReview: Extremities (199)

In the PA tunnel view of the knee, the intercondyloid fossa is labeled with which of the following numbers? A) 5 B) 4 C) 2 D) 3 E) 1

"2"

In the following mediolateral projection of the ankle, the cuboid is represented by which of the following numbers? A) 1 B) 4 C) 2 D) 5 E) 3

"5"

The tarsals and metatarsals are arranged to form the: 1) transverse arch 2) longitudinal arch 3) oblique arch. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2 only

Which of the following are visible on the mortise view of the ankle? 1. Talotibial joint 2. Talofibular joint 3. Talocalcaneal joint A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 2 and 3 only

1 and 2 only

Which of the following is (are) valid evaluation criteria for a lateral projection of the forearm? 1) The radius and the ulna should be superimposed distally. 2) The coronoid process and the radial head should be partially superimposed. 3) The humeral epicondyles should be superimposed. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

Which of the following may be used to evaluate the glenohumeral joint? 1) Scapular Y projection 2) Inferosuperior axial 3) Transthoracic lateral A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

Which of the following statements regarding the Norgaard method, "Ball-Catcher's position," is (are) correct? 1) Bilateral AP oblique hands are obtained. 2) It is used for early detection of rheumatoid arthritis. 3) The hands are obliqued about 45 degrees, palm up. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

Please identify structure "3" in the following labeled image of the lateral humerus: A) Humeral head B) Scapular body C) Humeral epicondyles D) Acromion

Acromion

In Figure 2-29, which of the following is represented by the number "3"? A) Acromion process B) Scapular spine C) Coracoid process D) Acromioclavicular joint

Acromion process

Which projection should be performed and evaluated prior to performing a Settegast projection for trauma? A) PA oblique projection B) Lateral projection C) AP projection D) PA projection

Lateral projection

What is the projection to demonstrate the longitudinal arch of the foot, while permitting the patient to keep weight equally distributed on both feet? A) Mediolateral B) Lateromedial C) Mediolateral weight-bearing lateral D) Lateromedial weight-bearing lateral

Lateromedial weight-bearing lateral

Synovial fluid is associated with the: A) brain. B) spinal canal. C) peritoneal cavity. D) bony articulations.

bony articulations

The structure labeled number 5 in Figure 2-41 is the: A) sternoclavicular joint B) acromioclavicular joint C) glenohumeral joint D) acromiohumeral joint

glenohumeral joint

Which of the following indicates the scapular costal surface seen in the figure below? A) D B) H C) K D) M

"K"

Examples of synovial pivot articulations include the: 1) atlantoaxial joint 2) radioulnar joint 3) temporomandibular joint A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3 only

1 and 2 only

In the following image, the base of the 3rd metatarsal articulates with: 1. The lateral cuneiform 2. The base of the second metatarsal 3. The medial cuneiform 4. The base of the fifth metatarsal A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 4 only

1 and 2 only

In the following image, which of the following statements is/are true regarding positioning? 1. Digits are parallel to the IP 2. There is a 45-degree obliquity 3. Centering is at the 3rd PIP joint A) 2 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2 only

For an AP projection of the knee on a patient whose measurement from ASIS to tabletop is 21 cm, which CR direction will best demonstrate the knee joint? A) 5 degrees caudad B) 10 degrees caudad C) 5 degrees cephalad D) 0 degrees (perpendicular)

0 degrees (perpendicular)

In the following image of the PA wrist, which of the numbers corresponds to the joint space between the trapezoid and capitate? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

1

Adult orthoroentgenography, or radiographic measurement of long bones of an upper or lower extremity, requires which of the following accessories? 1) Bell-Thompson scale 2) Bucky tray 3) Cannula A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2 only

An AP oblique (lateral rotation) of the elbow demonstrates which of the following? 1) Radial head free of superimposition 2) Capitulum of the humerus 3) Olecranon process within the olecranon fossa A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2 only

Which of the following can be used to demonstrate the intercondyloid fossa? 1) Prone, knee flexed 40 degrees, CR directed caudad 40 degrees to the popliteal fossa 2) Supine, IR under flexed knee, CR directed cephalad to knee, perpendicular to tibia 3) Prone, patella parallel to IR, heel rotated 5 to 10 degrees lateral, CR perpendicular to knee joint A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2 only

Which of the following is (are) true regarding radiographic examination of the acromioclavicular joints? 1) The procedure is performed in the erect position 2) Use of weights can improve demonstration of the joints 3) The procedure should be avoided if dislocation or separation is suspected A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 2 and 3 only

1 and 2 only

Which of the following statements regarding Figure 2-10 is (are) true? 1) Correct degree of rotation is present. 2) Midphalanges are foreshortened. 3) Fingers are parallel to the IR. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 2 only

When positioning for the PA projection of the wrist, arching the hand by slightly curling the fingers works to: 1. Reduce OID 2. Demonstrate the carpal tunnel 3. Better visualize intercarpal joint spaces 4. Project the scaphoid free of superimposition A) 1 and 2 B) 2 and 3 C) 1 and 3 D) 2 and 4

1 and 3

In the lateral projection of the ankle, the: 1) talotibial joint is visualized 2) talofibular joint is visualized. 3) tibia and fibula are superimposed. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 3 only

The following image of the lateral foot projection demonstrates: 1. An open tibiotalar joint 2. The navicular projected inferior to the cuboid 3. Superimposed distal tibia and fibula A) 1 and 2 only B) 1 and 3 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 and 3 only

Which of the following statements are true regarding the fracture in the following clavicle? 1. It is superior to the 5th rib 2. It is medial to the sternal extremity 3. It is inferior to the 2nd rib 4. It is lateral to the acromion A) 1 and 2 only B) 1 and 3 only C) 2 and 4 only D) 2, 3, and 4 only

1 and 3 only

Which of the following statements regarding the radiograph in Figure A is (are) true? 1) The tibial eminences are well visualized 2) The intercondyloid fossa is demonstrated between the femoral condyles 3) The femorotibial articulation is well demonstrated. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 2 and 3 only

1 and 3 only

The scapula shown in Figure 2-29 demonstrates: 1) its posterior aspect 2) its costal surface 3) its sternal articular surface A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 only

Which of the following articulations is/are well visualized in the extension lateral position of the hand? 1. Radiocarpal 2. 1st carpometacarpal 3. Proximal interphalangeal A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 only

Which of the following is (are) located on the proximal aspect of the humerus? 1) Intertubercular groove 2) Capitulum 3) Coronoid fossa A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 only

Which of the following projections require(s) that the shoulder be placed in external rotation? 1) AP humerus 2) Lateral forearm 3) Lateral humerus A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1 only

A modified axiolateral inferosuperior projection of the femoral neck is particularly useful 1) when the "cross-table" axiolateral is contraindicated 2) for patients with bilateral hip fractures 3) for patients with limited movement of the unaffected leg. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

Angulation of the central ray may be required: 1) to avoid superimposition of overlying structures 2) to avoid foreshortening or self-superimposition 3) to project through certain articulations A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

In the 15° medial oblique projection of the ankle, demonstrates the entire 1. talofibular joint. 2. tibiotalar joint. 3. ankle mortise. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

Muscles that contribute to the formation of the rotator cuff include the: 1) subscapularis. 2) infraspinatus. 3) teres minor. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

To demonstrate the entire circumference of the radial head, the required exposure(s) must include: 1) epicondyles perpendicular to the IP 2) hand pronated 3) hand externally rotated with thumb up

1, 2, and 3

Which of the following are components of a trimalleolar fracture? 1) Fractured lateral malleolus 2) Fractured medial malleolus 3) Fractured posterior tibia A) 1 only B) 1 and 3 only C) 2 and 3 only D 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

Which of the following articulations participate in the formation of the elbow joint? 1. Between the humeral trochlea and the semilunar/trochlear notch 2. Between the capitulum and the radial head 3. The proximal radioulnar joint A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

1, 2, and 3

Which of the following statements is (are) true with respect to the radiograph shown in the Figure below? 1) The acromion process is seen partially superimposed on the third rib. 2) This projection is performed to evaluate the scapula. 3) This projection is performed to evaluate the acromioclavicular articulation. A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 1 and 2 only D) 2 and 3 only

2 only

Place the following carpal bones in order from lateral to medial: 1] Capitate 2] Trapezium 3] Hamate 4] Trapezoid A) 3, 1, 2, 4 B) 2, 4, 1, 3 C) 3, 1, 4, 2 D) 4, 2, 3, 1

2, 4, 1, 3

Which of the following is (are) valid criteria for a lateral projection of the forearm? 1) The radius and ulna should be superimposed proximally and distally 2) The coronoid process and radial head should be superimposed 3) The radial tuberosity should face anteriorly. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

Which of the following projection(s) require(s) that the shoulder be placed in internal rotation? 1) AP humerus 2) AP thumb 3) Lateral humerus A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding the images shown in Figure 2-33? 1) Image A is positioned in internal rotation. 2) Image B is positioned in internal rotation. 3) The greater tubercle is better demonstrated in image A. A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 2 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

Which of the following statements regarding the PA oblique scapular Y projection of the shoulder joint is (are) true? 1) The midsagittal plane should be about 60 degrees to the IR. 2) The scapular borders should be superimposed on the humeral shaft. 3) An oblique projection of the shoulder is obtained. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

Each of the digits 2 through 5 of the hand contain how many interphalangeal joints? A) 3 B) 1 C) 2 D) 4

2

Important considerations for radiographic examinations of traumatic injuries to the upper extremity include: 1) only the joint closest to the injured site must be supported during movement 2) both joints must be included in long bone studies 3) two views, at 90 degrees to each other, are required. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

In the 45-degree medial oblique projection of the ankle, the: 1) talotibial joint is visualized 2) tibiofibular joint is visualized 3) foot is dorsiflexed nearly 90° A) 1 only B) 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

On the lateral projection of the knee, which of the following part and CR positions are needed to demonstrate superimposition of the femoral condyles? 1) 7-10-degree cephalic angulation for a short patient with a narrow pelvis 2) Position plane of patella perpendicular to IR 3) 5-degree cephalic angulation for a tall patient with a narrow pelvis A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

Shoulder arthrography is performed to: 1) evaluate humeral luxation 2) demonstrate complete or partial rotator cuff tear 3) evaluate the glenoid labrum A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

Skeletal conditions characterized by faulty bone calcification include: 1) osteoarthritis. 2) osteomalacia. 3) rickets. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

The AP oblique projection (medial rotation) of the elbow demonstrates which of the following? 1) Radial head free of superimposition 2) Olecranon process within the olecranon fossa 3) Coronoid process free of superimposition A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

To better demonstrate the interphalangeal joints of the toes, which of the following procedures may be employed? 1) Angle the CR 15 degrees caudad. 2) Angle the CR 15 degrees cephalad. 3) Place a sponge wedge under the foot with the toes elevated 15 degrees. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 1 and 3 only D) 2 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

Ulnar deviation will best demonstrate which carpal(s)? 1) Medial carpals 2) Lateral carpals 3) Scaphoid A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

Valid evaluation criteria for a lateral projection of the forearm requires that: 1) the epicondyles be parallel to the IR 2) the radius and ulna be superimposed distally 3) the radial tuberosity should face anteriorly. A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

Which of the following articulate(s) with the bases of the metatarsals? 1) The heads of the first row of phalanges 2) The cuboid 3) The cuneiforms A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

Which of the following is (are) distal to the tibial plateau? 1) Intercondyloid fossa 2) Tibial condyles 3) Tibial tuberosity A) 1 only B) 1 and 2 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

Which of the following is (are) typically associated with a Colles' fracture? 1) Transverse fracture of the radial head 2) Chip fracture of the ulnar styloid 3) Posterior or backward displacement A) 1 only B) 1 and 3 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2, and 3

2 and 3 only

With the patient positioned as shown in Figure 6-13, how should the CR be directed to best demonstrate the intercondyloid fossa? A) Perpendicular to the popliteal depression B) 40 degrees caudad to the popliteal depression C) Perpendicular to the long axis of the femur D) 40 degrees cephalad to the popliteal depression

40 degrees caudad to the popliteal depression

In the AP knee projection of an asthenic patient who measures less than 19 cm from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to tabletop, the CR should be directed A) perpendicularly B) 5 degrees medially C) 5 degrees cephalad D) 5 degrees caudad

5 degrees caudad

Which of the following positions would best demonstrate the proximal tibiofibular articulation? A) AP B) 90 degrees mediolateral C) 45-degree internal rotation D) 45-degree external rotation

45-degree internal rotation

The greater tubercle should be visualized in profile in which of the following? A) AP shoulder, external rotation B) AP shoulder, internal rotation C) AP elbow D) Lateral elbow

A) AP shoulder, external rotation

Which of the following projections will best demonstrate acromioclavicular separation? A) AP recumbent, affected shoulder B) AP recumbent, both shoulders C) AP erect, affected shoulder D) AP erect, both shoulders

AP erect, both shoulders

Which of the following projections is most likely to demonstrate the carpal pisiform free of superimposition? A) Radial flexion/deviation B) Ulnar flexion/deviation C) AP (medial) oblique D) AP (lateral) oblique

AP (medial) oblique

Which of the following is most likely to be the correct routine for a radiographic examination of the forearm? A) PA and medial oblique B) AP and lateral oblique C) PA and lateral D) AP and lateral

AP and lateral

Which of the following positions would be the best choice for a right shoulder examination to rule out fracture? A) Internal and external rotation B) AP and tangential C) AP and AP axial D) AP and scapular Y

AP and scapular Y

The structures of the proximal radius, including the radial head and tuberosity, are either partially or completely superimposed on all projections of the elbow, EXCEPT: A) Coyle method, with flexion of 80 degrees at the elbow joint, and the tube angled 45 degrees away from the shoulder. B) AP projection of the elbow. C) AP oblique with medial rotation. D) AP oblique with lateral rotation.

AP oblique with lateral rotation.

Which of the following projections will best demonstrate the tarsal navicular free of superimposition? A) AP oblique, medial rotation B) AP oblique, lateral rotation C) Mediolateral D) Lateral weight-bearing

AP oblique, medial rotation

Medial displacement of a tibial fracture would be best demonstrated in the: A) AP projection B) lateral projection C) medial oblique projection D) lateral oblique projection

AP projection

Which shoulder position is used in the following image? A) AP projection—external rotation B) AP oblique projection—glenoid cavity C) AP projection—internal rotation D) Apical AP axial projection

AP projection—internal rotation

Varus and Valgus deformities of the knee joint are best evaluated with: A) AP weight bearing projection B) Lateromedial cross-table lateral projection C) Holmblad method D) Medial oblique projection, patient recumbent

AP weight bearing projection

Which of the following projections will visualize a trimalleolar fracture? (select the four that apply) A] AP ankle B] AP foot C] 15° oblique ankle D] 45° oblique foot E] Lateral ankle F] Lateral foot

A] AP ankle C] 15° oblique ankle E] Lateral ankle F] Lateral foot

Which of the following are evaluation criteria that apply to this lateral forearm? (select the three that apply) A] Includes proximal carpals B] Elbow is flexed 90° C] Radial tuberosity in profile D] Humeral epicondyles superimposed E] Superimposition of distal radius and ulna

A] Includes proximal carpals C] Radial tuberosity in profile E] Superimposition of distal radius and ulna

Which of the following are fat pads or fat stripes that may be visible on the lateral projection of the elbow during trauma? (select the three that apply) A] Posterior B] Anterior C] Superior D] Distal E] Flexor F] Supinator

A] Posterior B] Anterior F] Supinator

Shoulder arthrography is used to demonstrate which of the following conditions? (select the three that apply) A] Rotator cuff tear B] Articular cartilage damage C] Joint capsule abnormalities D] Arthritic changes

A] Rotator cuff tear B] Articular cartilage damage C] Joint capsule abnormalities

Which of the following anatomical structures are well visualized in the image below (select the five that apply)? A] Superimposed medial and lateral femoral condyles B] Intercondylar eminence C] Medial malleolus D] Fibular head E] Patellofemoral joint space F] Intercondylar fossa G] Lateral malleolus H] Intrapatellar fat pad region

A] Superimposed medial and lateral femoral condyles B] Intercondylar eminence D] Fibular head E] Patellofemoral joint space H] Intrapatellar fat pad region

Which of the following terms can be used interchangeably to refer to a part moving away from midline, as well as spreading of the fingers and toes apart? A) Adduction B) Eversion C) Abduction D) Inversion

Abduction

What should be done to better demonstrate the coracoid process shown in Figure 2-22? A) Use a perpendicular CR B) Angle the CR about 30 degrees cephalad C) Angle the CR about 30 degrees caudad D) Angle the MSP 15 degrees toward the affected side

Angle the CR about 30 degrees cephalad

Which of the following fracture classifications describes a small bony fragment pulled from a bony process? A) Avulsion fracture B) Torus fracture C) Comminuted fracture D) Compound fracture

Avulsion fracture

What projection was used to obtain the image seen in Figure 2-41? A) AP, internal rotation B) AP, external rotation C) AP, neutral position D) AP axial

B) AP, external rotation

When performing either a Homblad or a Camp-Coventry method of the knee to visualize the intercondylar fossa, which of the following statements are true? (select the two that apply) A] The knee is flexed 30°° B] The central ray is directed parallel to the tibial plateau C] The central ray is directed perpendicular to the long axis of the tibia D] The central ray is directed parallel to the long axis of the tibia E] The proximal tibiofibular articulation will be open

B] The central ray is directed parallel to the tibial plateau C] The central ray is directed perpendicular to the long axis of the tibia

What is the structure labeled number 2 in Figure 2-37? A) Base of the 2nd metacarpal B) Pisiform C) Trapezium D) Trapezoid

C) Trapezium

An axial projection of the clavicle is often helpful in demonstrating a fracture that is not visualized using a perpendicular CR. When examining the clavicle in the PA axial projection, how should the Central Ray directed? A) Cephalad B) Caudad C) Medially D) Laterally

Caudad

What is a fracture of the distal radius accompanied by posterior displacement and fracture of the ulnar styloid process called? A) Smith B) Skier's C) Hangman's D) Colles

Colles

With the patient seated at the end of the x-ray table, elbow flexed 80 degrees, and the CR directed 45 degrees laterally from the shoulder to the elbow joint, which of the following structures will be demonstrated best? A) Radial head B) Ulnar head C) Coronoid process D) Olecranon process

Coronoid process

In which type of fracture are the fractured ends of bone forced through the skin? A) Closed B) Compound C) Compression D) Depressed

Compound

The anterior process of the scapula is which of the following? A) Coronoid process B) Coracoid process C) Carotid process D) Acromion

Coracoid process

Which of the following articulates with the base of the fifth metatarsal? A) First cuneiform B) Third cuneiform C) Navicular D) Cuboid

Cuboid

Positioning for the PA lateral scapula image below can be corrected by which of the following? A) Increasing the patient's rotation to bring the humeral head further into the ribs B) Decreasing the patient's rotation to bring the humeral head away from the ribs C) Bringing the patient's elbow back to project the humeral shaft onto the scapular body D) Use breathing technique and longer exposure time to blur out ribs

Decreasing the patient's rotation to bring the humeral head away from the ribs

Which type of articulation is evaluated in arthrography? A) Synarthrodial B) Diarthrodial C) Amphiarthrodial D) Cartilaginous

Diarthrodial

Which of the following correctly describes/identifies the letter "T" in the radiograph shown in Figure 7-13? A) Gliding joint B) Pivot joint C) Diarthrotic joint D) Amphiarthrotic joint

Diarthrotic joint

How can OID be reduced for a PA projection of the wrist? A) Extend the fingers. B) Flex the metacarpophalangeal joints. C) Extend the forearm. D) Oblique the metacarpals 45 degrees.

Flex the metacarpophalangeal joints

The Grashey projection of the shoulder below can be used to demonstrate which of the following? A) Glenohumeral joint B) Anterior dislocation of the humerus C) Lesser tubercle abnormalities D) Posterior dislocation of the humerus

Glenohumeral joint

A compression fracture of the posterolateral humeral head and associated with an anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint is called a(an): A) Hill-Sachs defect. B) Bankart lesion. C) rotator cuff tear. D) adhesive capsulitis.

Hill-Sachs defect.

With the patient positioned as illustrated in Figure 2-20, which of the following structures is best demonstrated? A) Patella B) Patellofemoral articulation C) Intercondyloid fossa D) Tibial tuberosity

Intercondyloid fossa

In which position of the shoulder is the lesser tubercle demonstrated in profile on the medial aspect of the humeral head? A) AP B) External rotation C) Internal rotation D) Neutral position

Internal rotation

All elbow fat pads are best demonstrated in which position? A) AP B) Lateral C) Acute flexion D) AP partial flexion

Lateral

The distal end of the non-weight bearing bone of the lower leg is called which of the following? A) Apex of the fibula B) Medial malleolus C) Lateral malleolus D) Fovea capitus

Lateral malleolus

Figure A was made in which of the following positions? A) AP B) Medial oblique C) Lateral oblique D) Partial flexion

Lateral oblique

Which of the following projections of the elbow should demonstrate the radial head free of ulnar superimposition? A) AP B) Lateral C) Medial oblique D) Lateral oblique

Lateral oblique

In which projection of the foot are the interspaces between the first and second cuneiforms best demonstrated? A) Lateral oblique foot B) Medial oblique foot C) Lateral foot D) Weight-bearing foot

Lateral oblique foot

Which of the following projections/positions would best demonstrate structure number 6 seen in Figure 7-7? A) PA projection B) Lateral projection C) AP external oblique D) AP internal oblique

Lateral projection

Which of the following correctly identifies the letter L in the radiograph shown in Figure 7-13? A) Hamate B) Lunate C) Scaphoid D) Trapezium

Lunate

The fifth metacarpal is located on which aspect of the hand? A) Medial B) Lateral C) Radial D) Volar

Medial

Identify the structure labeled 1 in the AP projection of the knee shown in Figure 2-16: A) Lateral condyle B) Lateral epicondyle C) Medial condyle D) Medial epicondyle

Medial epicondyle

In the lateral projection of the knee, the central ray is angled 5° cephalad to prevent superimposition of which of the following structures on the joint space? A) Lateral femoral condyle B) Medial femoral condyle C) Patella D) Tibial eminence

Medial femoral condyle

What does the number "8" in Figure 6-14 identify? A) Medial malleolus B) Lateral malleolus C) Medial cuneiform D) Talus

Medial malleolus

In which of the following projections is the talofibular joint best demonstrated? A) AP B) Lateral oblique C) Medial oblique D) Lateral

Medial oblique

Which of the following projections of the elbow should demonstrate the coronoid process free of superimposition and the olecranon process within the olecranon fossa? A) AP B) Lateral C) Medial oblique D) Lateral oblique

Medial oblique

Which of the following projections of the ankle would best demonstrate the mortise? A) Medial oblique 15 to 20 degrees B) Lateral oblique 15 to 20 degrees C) Medial oblique 45 degrees D) Lateral oblique 45 degrees

Medial oblique 15 to 20 degrees

Which of the following projections of the ankle would best demonstrate the distal tibiofibular joint? A) Medial oblique 15° to 20° B) Lateral oblique 15° to 20° C) Medial oblique 45° D) Lateral oblique 45°

Medial oblique 45°

In which projection of the foot are the sinus tarsi, cuboid, and tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal best demonstrated? A) Lateral oblique foot B) Medial oblique foot C) Lateral foot D) Weight-bearing foot

Medial oblique foot

Carpal tunnel syndrome shows impingement of what nerve? A) Radial B) Median C) Ulnar D) Transverse

Median

Which of the following bones lies on the medial aspect of the foot? A) Navicular B) Cuboid C) Intermediate cuneiform D) Middle phalanx of the fifth digit

Navicular

Which of the labeled bones in Figure 6-14 identifies the tarsal navicular? A) Number 2 B) Number 3 C) Number 6 D) Number 7

Number 6

Which of the labeled bones in Figure A identifies the tarsal navicular? A) Number 2 B) Number 3 C) Number 6 D) Number 7

Number 6

Which of the following correctly identifies the head of the ulna in the illustration in Figure 6-22? A) Number 3 B) Number 4 C) Number 5 D) Number 9

Number 9

Which of the following is an important consideration to avoid excessive metacarpal joint overlap in the oblique projection of the hand? A) Oblique the hand no more than 45 degrees. B) Use a support sponge for the phalanges. C) Clench the fist to bring the carpals closer to the IR. D) Use ulnar flexion.

Oblique the hand no more than 45 degrees.

Which of the following conditions is limited specifically to the tibial tuberosity? A) Ewing sarcoma B) Osgood-Schlatter disease C) Gout D) Exostosis

Osgood-Schlatter disease

Which of the following projections or positions will best demonstrate subacromial or subcoracoid dislocation? A) Tangential B) AP axial C) Transthoracic lateral D) PA oblique scapular Y

PA oblique scapular Y

Consider an upright right lateral humerus projection of a patient who has been injured and insists on supporting their affected side with their contralateral hand to alleviate the pain. Which of the following methods would be best for the radiographer to use? A) Patient standing with the posterior surface of the shoulder of the affected side against the wall Bucky and rotating the affected arm medially to place the humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the IR B) Patient standing with the lateral surface of the shoulder of the affected side against the wall Bucky and rotating the affected arm medially to place the humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the IR C) Patient standing with the anterior surface of the shoulder of the unaffected arm against the wall Bucky and rotating the affected arm laterally to place the humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the IR D) Patient standing with their body in the lateral position against the wall Bucky with the affected humerus closest to the IR but with no manipulation of the arm

Patient standing with the lateral surface of the shoulder of the affected side against the wall Bucky and rotating the affected arm medially to place the humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the IR

What is the anatomic structure indicated by the number "7" in Figure 6-22? A) Coracoid process B) Coronoid process C) Trochlear notch D) Radial notch

Radial notch

What is the structure labeled number 5 in Figure 2-37? A) Trapezium B) Scaphoid C) Ulnar styloid D) Radial styloid

Radial styloid

What could be done to improve the mediolateral projection of the knee seen in Figure 2-3? A) Rotate the pelvis slightly forward/anteriorly. B) Rotate the pelvis slightly backward/posteriorly. C) Angle the x-ray tube 5 degrees cephalad. D) Angle the x-ray tube 5 degrees caudad.

Rotate the pelvis slightly backward/posteriorly

What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone? A) Lunate B) Scaphoid C) Pisiform D) Capitate

Scaphoid

Which of the following statements is true regarding the following AP ankle projection? A) The distal half of the metatarsals are well visualized B) The mortise joint is open on all sides C) Superimposition of the distal tibia and fibula is present D) The talus is projected inferior to the calcaneus

Superimposition of the distal tibia and fibula is present

For a true AP of the clavicle, the midclavicle is superimposed over which portion of the scapula? A) Scapular notch B) Superior angle C) Acromion D) Coracoid process

Superior angle

During knee arthrography, into what space is the contrast medium injected? A) Synovial capsule B) Meniscus C) Medial collateral ligament D) Patellofemoral space

Synovial capsule

In which of the following positions can the sesamoid bones of the foot be demonstrated to be free of superimposition with the metatarsals or phalanges? A) Dorsoplantar metatarsals/toes B) Tangential metatarsals/toes C) 30-degree medial oblique foot D) 30-degree lateral oblique foot

Tangential metatarsals/toes

In a routine (mediolateral) lateral projection of the knee, if the fibular head is seen to be completely free from superimposition of the proximal tibia, what positioning error likely occurred? A) The patient extended their knee too much. B) The patient was rotated posteriorly. C) The patient flexed their knee too much. D) The patient was rotated anteriorly.

The patient was rotated anteriorly.

Which of the following projections will best demonstrate the carpal scaphoid? A) Lateral wrist B) Ulnar deviation C) Radial deviation D) Carpal tunnel

Ulnar deviation

Place the following areas of the scapula in order from superior/uppermost margin to inferior: [Scapular notch [Inferior angle [Neck [Acromion [Glenoid cavity [Superior angle [Lateral angle [Coracoid process

[Superior angle [Acromion [Coracoid process [Scapular notch [Glenoid cavity [Neck [Lateral angle [Inferior angle

The term indicating movement away from the body is: A) eversion. B) adduction. C) inversion. D) abduction.

abduction

To better visualize the knee-joint space in the radiograph in Figure 2-31, the radiographer should: A) flex the knee more acutely B) flex the knee less acutely C) angle the CR 5 to 7 degrees cephalad D) angle the CR 5 to 7 degrees caudad

angle the CR 5 to 7 degrees cephalad

The mediolateral projection of the knee shown in Figure 6-1 could best be improved by: A) rotating the patient forward B) rotating the patient backward C) angling the central ray (CR) about 5 degrees caudad D) angling the CR about 5 degrees cephalad

angling the CR about 5 degrees cephalad

The relationship between the ends of fractured long bones is referred to as: A) angulation B) apposition C) luxation D) sprain

apposition

Impingement on the wrist's median nerve causing pain and disability of the affected hand and wrist is known as: A) carpal boss syndrome B) carpal tunnel syndrome C) carpopedal syndrome D) radioulnar syndrome

carpal tunnel syndrome

The structure labeled number 4 in Figure 2-41 is the: A) acromion process B) coracoid process C) coronoid process D) glenoid process

coracoid process

The bone labeled number "3" in Figure 7-15 is the: A) talus B) cuboid C) navicular D) lateral cuneiform

cuboid

The instrument that is used frequently in quality-control programs to measure varying degrees of x-ray exposure is the: A) aluminum step wedge. B) spinning top. C) densitometer. D) sensitometer.

densitometer

The primary center of ossification in long bones is the: A) diaphysis. B) epiphysis. C) metaphysis. D) apophysis.

diaphysis

The secondary center of ossification in long bones is the: A) periosteum. B) endosteum. C) epiphysis. D) diaphysis.

epiphysis

The secondary center of ossification in long bones is the: A) diaphysis B) epiphysis C) metaphysis D) apophysis

epiphysis

All the following structures are associated with the posterior femur except: A) popliteal surface B) intercondyloid fossa C) intertrochanteric line D) linea aspera

intertrochanteric line

In which of the following projections was the image in Figure 2-7 made? A) AP B) medial oblique C) lateral oblique D) acute flexion

medial oblique

Which of the following anatomic structures is indicated by the number 2 in Figure 2-7? A) medial epicondyle B) trochlea C) capitulum D) olecranon process

olecranon process

Cells concerned with the formation and repair of bone are: A) osteoblasts. B) osteoclasts. C) osteomas. D) osteons.

osteoblasts

Turning of the body or arm so that the palm faces backward, with the thumb toward the midline of the body, describes: A) adduction B) abduction C) pronation D) supination

pronation

The medical term for congenital clubfoot is: A) coxa plana. B) osteochondritis. C) talipes. D) muscular dystrophy.

talipes

When examining a patient whose elbow is in partial flexion,___ A) the AP projection requires two separate positions and exposures. B) the AP projection is made through the partially flexed elbow, resting on the olecranon process, CR perpendicular to IR. C) the AP projection is made through the partially flexed elbow, resting on the olecranon process, CR parallel to the humerus. D) the AP projection is eliminated from the routine.

the AP projection requires two separate positions and exposures.

All of the following statements regarding the inferosuperior axial (nontrauma, Lawrence method) projection of the shoulder are true, except: A) the coracoid process and lesser tubercle are seen in profile. B) the arm is abducted about 90° from the body. C) the arm should be in internal rotation. D) the CR is directed medially 25° to 30° through the axilla.

the arm should be in internal rotation.

All the following are posterior structures except: A) the linea aspera. B) the intertrochanteric line. C) the popliteal surface. D) the intercondyloid fossa.

the intertrochanteric line

All the following can be associated with the elbow joint except: A) the capitulum. B) the trochlea. C) the tubercles. D) the epicondyles.

the tubercles

To demonstrate a profile view of the glenoid fossa, the patient is AP recumbent and obliqued 45 degrees: A) toward the affected side B) away from the affected side C) with the arm at the side in the anatomic position D) with the arm in external rotation

toward the affected side

All the following can be associated with the distal ulna except: A) head. B) radioulnar joint. C) styloid process. D) trochlear notch.

trochlear notch.

The term varus refers to: A) turned outward B) turned inward C) rotated medially D) rotated laterally

turned inward