Final Exam

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how do you interpret r as a slope

A one SD change in X is associated with an r SD change in Y

What does negative correlation mean

As one variable goes up, the other goes down

which assumptions apply to methods comparing multiple variables (and not single variables)?

Bivariate normality and homogeneity of variance

What are the key pieces of information needed to calculate confidence intervals

The SE or SD, the point estimate, the critical value

What is correlation a measure of

How related two variables are

Which of the following can invalidate or bias your correlation

Curvilinear relations, truncated scores, outliers

Which is used as the criterion for creating an OLS regression line

Minimizing the error, or squared difference from the predicted amount

What does it mean to reject the null when testing correlation

To conclude that the relationship between the two variables is not due to chance - there is a non-zero relationship in the population

What is the difference between a point estimate and an interval estimate

a point estimate gives a single number to represent an unknown population parameter, and an interval estimate gives a range of numbers

what is the relation between confidence intervals and null hypothesis testing

for the correct alpha for the chosen C, we can reject the null if the null is not in the confidence interval

which assumption is always included

independent and random sampling

What is the relationship between the correlation coefficient r and the regression coefficient b

r is standardized b

what is the relationship between r and the proportion of explained variance

r squared is the proportion of explained variance

how do you account for paired data

remove the variability due to the relatedness of the pairs by subtracting out the correlated variance

what does a significant b mean

the relationship between x and y (the slope) is probably not due to chance

what is b

the slope

what is homogeneity of variance

the variance (SD) of both populations is the same

which of the following is a correct interpretation of a confidence interval

we arre 95% confident that the population parameter lies within the confidence interval

When do you use a paired-sample t-test

when you can meaningfully and correctly match observations (participants) across samples

a paired sample t-test looks at which kind of information

within-pair


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