FINAL EXAM (ALL EXAM QUESTIONS)

Which of the following statements is true of neurotransmitters? a. Once released by the synaptic vesicles, all the molecules of a neurotransmitter find their way into receptor sites. b. Neurotransmitters have identical chemical structures that can fit into any receptor site. c. "Loose" neurotransmitters are held by synapses before being released into the synaptic fluid. d. "Loose" neurotransmitters are either broken down or reabsorbed by the axon terminal.

"Loose" neurotransmitters are either broken down or reabsorbed by the axon terminal.

Which of the following substances is a stimulant? Cocaine Seconal Morphine

Cocaine

The process by which stimuli lose their ability to evoke learned responses because the events that had followed the stimuli no longer occur is known as ________ a. generalization b. regularization c. discrimination d. extinction

Extinction

Jose had his arm amputated after an accident. Sometimes at night he wakes up in pain as he feels a burning sensation running down his missing limb. Jose is experiencing _____ a. extrasensory perceptions b. sensory adaptation c. phantom limb pain d. hallucinations

Extra sensory perceptions

According to Weber's Law, the absolute threshold for all senses is the same for everyone.

False

All of our memories are permanently imprinted on the brain and stored in long-term memory.

False

In the context of processes of memory, storage modifies information so that it can be placed in memory.

False

Which of the following is a principle of critical thinking? a. Avoid being skeptical. b. Insist on evidence. c. Choose critical thinking over research ethics if required. d. Oversimplify problems if necessary.

Insist on evidence

As you walk into a brightly lit room, theblack structure in the center of your eye seems to shrink to a tiny black dot. This response is caused by the action of the eye structure called the _______ a. lens b. iris c. cornea d. retina

Iris

Which of the following is true of the placenta? a. It allows the maternal and fetal bloodstreams to mix inside the womb. b. Its primary purpose is to produce androgens. c. It is also referred to as the amniotic sac. d. It is connected to the mother by blood vessels in the uterine wall

It is connected to the mother by blood vessels in the uterine wall.

Which of the following statements is true of classical conditioning? It is involuntary, automatic learning. It involves attaching consequences to behavior. It is a complex form of learning that uses reinforcement. It focuses on what organisms do about their environments.

It is involuntary, automatic learning.

Which of the following is true of functionalism? a. It shows that learning is accomplished only through mechanical repetition. b. It considers observable behavior to be a result of positive reinforcement and not negative reinforcement. c. It looks at how habits help one cope with common situations. d. It breaks down experience into objective sensations and subjective feelings.

It looks at how habits help one cope with common situations

According to cognitive theorists, what is the process by which organisms make relatively permanent changes in the way they represent the environment because of experience? a. training b. learning c. acquisition d. regularization

Learning

Which hormone promotes sleep? a. Progesterone b. Ghrelin c. Adrenaline d. Melatonin

Melatonin

A sleep attack in which a person falls asleep suddenly and irresistibly refers to a. sleep terror. b. insomnia. c. sleep apnea. d. narcolepsy.

Narcolepsy

A parent buys their child a toy in order to stop the temper tantrum they are throwing. Next time they go to the store, the child throws another tantrum and the parent buys them another toy so they stop throwing a fit. The parent's behavior of buying the child a toy has been ______ a. positively punished b. negative punishment c. negatively reinforced d. positively reinforced

Negatively reinforced

Consciousness and awareness are said to come from which region of the brain? a. Thalamus b. Prefrontal cortex c. Hippocampus d. Sensory cortex

Prefrontal cortex

According to the trichromatic theory of color vision, what are the three types of color photoreceptors we have? a. red, blue, and green b. green, yellow, and purple c. blue, orange, and yellow d. red, blue, and yellow

Red, blue, and green

In which part of the eye are photoreceptors found? a. sclera b. optic nerve c. blind spot d. retina

Retina

When cocaine is used, which neural process is debated as causes neurotransmitters to remain in the synaptic cleft longer? Reuptake Inhibitory reactions Binding Absorption

Reuptake

Which of the following tests is an example of an objective personality test? a. A word-association test. b. The Thematic Apperception Test. c. The Rorschach Inkblot Test. d. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

The outer ear funnels sound directly to which structure? a. the oval window b. the auditory nerve c. the cochlea d. the eardrum

The ear drum

In the context of stress, which of the following is true of predictability and control? a. Predictability is not of particular benefit to internals—that is, to people who wish to exercise control over their situations. b. The illusion of being in control allows people to feel that they are not at the mercy of the fates. c. The illusion of being in control fosters helplessness and hinders people's ability to cope with stress. d. Predictability is of greater benefit to people who perceive the ability to attain reinforcements as being largely outside themselves.

The illusion of being in control allows people to feel that they are not at the mercy of the fates

Anterograde amnesia is failure to remember events that occurred after physical trauma because of the effect of the trauma, while retrograde amnesia is failure to remember events that occurred prior to physical trauma because of the trauma.

True

Biofeedback training is a system that provides information about a bodily function so the organism can gain control of that function.

True

In Freud's psychodynamic theory, repression is when memories are pushed into the _______________ a. unconscious b. rehearsal loop c. preconscious d. long-term memory systems

Unconscious

What is the most popular drug used on college campuses? a. LSD b. Opioids c. Marijuana d. Alcohol

alcohol

Asta was in a severe car accident. As a result of her injuries, she can no longer encode the memories of events that have occurred since the accident. This is an example of ________ a. anterograde amnesia b. dissociative amnesia c. infantile amnesia d. retrograde amnesia

anterograde amnesia

What is the correct order of structures triggered in the ear by incoming sound waves? a. auditory canal, oval window, eardrum, auditory canal b. eardrum, semicircular canals, cochlea, auditory nerve c. auditory canal, ear drum, oval window, cochlea d. eardrum, stirrup, hammer, cochlea

auditory canal, ear drum, oval window, cochlea

As Dagwood is chomping on a huge sandwich, he thinks about how glad he is that he does not have to consciously control his digestion because that function is handled by his ________. a. central nervous system b. parasympathetic nervous system c. autonomic nervous system d. sympathetic nervous system

autonomic nervous system

The part of a neuron that extends like a trunk from the cell body is called a ________.

axon

Alina thinks that she is overweight. She often indulges in binge eating and later forcibly vomits the food. Which eating disorder is Alina most likely suffering from? a. anorexia nervosa b. adaptive thermogenesis c. bulimia nervosa d. porphyria

bulimia nervosa

Vomiting, binge eating, fasting, the use of laxatives, and engaging in prolonged exercise regimens are potentially characteristics of ________. a. bulimia nervosa b. female athlete triad c. aphagia d. anorexia nervosa

bulimia nervosa

The immune system combats diseases ________. a. by producing red blood cells, which engulf and kill pathogens b. by decreasing the flow of blood, cells, and natural chemicals to the damaged area, causing the redness, swelling, and warmth that characterize inflammation c. by inhibiting endocrine and sympathetic activity d. by generating antibodies, which attach themselves to antigens, deactivating them and marking them for destruction

by generating antibodies, which attach themselves to antigens, deactivating them and marking them for destruction

The preoperational stage of Piaget's cognitive development theory is characterized by: a. children being able to engage in complex moral reasoning. b. children thinking in two dimensions. c. children attributing life and consciousness to physical objects. d. children being absorbed in watching themselves close and open their hands.

children attributing life and consciousness to physical objects.

Tyrese has tried lemons in the past. Whenever he has eaten them in the past, his mouth waters due to increased salivation. He is watching television one night and an advertisement shows a lemon being sliced open. If just thinking about that lemon makes his mouth begin to water, the increased salivation would be a _______________ a. unconditioned response b. conditioned stimulus c. unconditioned Stimulus d. conditioned response

conditioned response

Which of the following is the feeling of being pulled in two or more directions by opposing motives? a. self-actualization b. conflict c. homeostasis d. self-efficacy

conflict

In every experiment, what the researcher is trying to determine has changed or not is called the ________. a. dependent variable b. stratified sample c. correlation coefficient d. confounding variable

dependent variable

Derris is a research assistant in Dr. Smith's psychology lab. When the participant asked him what the conditions of the study were, Derris replied, "I do not know.' This is an example of a ________ study. a. case b. double-blind c. correlational d. blind

double-blind

In the context of processes of memory, the first stage of information processing: a. locates subconscious information related to the perceived stimuli. b. encodes stimuli by performing elaborative rehearsals. c. simulates the external stimuli through repetition. d. encodes stimuli so that one can place them in memory.

encodes stimuli so that one can place them in memory.

The body's system of ductless glands that secrete hormones and release them directly into the bloodstream is known as which of the following? a. peripheral nervous system b. endocrine system c. central nervous system d. lymphatic system

endocrine system

In the approach-avoidance conflict, each of two goals is desirable, and both are within reach.

false

The Rorschach inkblot test is an example of an objective test.

false

Unhealthy stress is referred to as eustress.

false

Flora had met with an accident a few day ago. She has forgotten everything about her life before the accident. Flora is suffering from ____________. a. illness anxiety disorder b. generalized dissociative amnesia c. psychomotor retardation d. generalized anxiety disorders

generalized dissociative amnesia

In which disorder do people forget their entire lives? a. generalized anxiety disorders b. generalized dissociative amnesia c. psychomotor retardation d. illness anxiety disorder

generalized dissociative amnesia

Which one of these form a fatty substance called myelin? a. red blood cells b. neurotransmitters c. glial cells d. white blood cells

glial cells

Being left-handed appears to provide a somewhat greater-than-average probability of ________. a. multiple sclerosis b. having autism c. having dyslexia d. developing botulism

having dyslexia

The function of the hippocampus is to________. a. link your emotional center to your memories b. organize incoming information into hierarchies c. hold stored information and memories d. help relay information to parts of the cortex for storage

help relay information to parts of the cortex for storage

In order to form new memories, you must have a fully functioning ________ a. hippocampus b. hypothalamus c. pineal gland d. nephron

hippocampus

Explicit memory is: a. memory without awareness. b. information that can be clearly stated. c. another name for procedural memory. d. memory that is easily retrieved.

information that can be clearly stated.

According to Piaget, the sensorimotor stage of child development is dominated by ________. a. using words and symbols to represent objects and relationships among them b. learning to coordinate perception of the self and of the environment with motor activity c. operating with logical thought d. learning skills through ethnic diversity

learning to coordinate perception of the self and of the environment with motor activity

Bipolar disorder was formerly called_____________________. a. manic-depressive disorder b. multiple personality disorder c. hypochondriasis d. seasonal affective disorder

manic-depressive disorder

According to Selye's general adaptation syndrome, in the exhaustion stage, ________. a. the activities of the sympathetic nervous system predominate b. the endocrine, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal systems are kicked into action to enable survival c. many aspects of sympathetic activity are reversed d. the heartbeat and respiration rate increase

many aspects of sympathetic activity are reversed

One negative symptom of schizophrenia is the refusal to talk. The term for this is _____________ a. waxy flexibility b. hallucinations c. delusions d. mutism

mutism

People suffering from this disorder have an inflated self-image, extreme need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. a. histrionic personality disorder b. borderline personality disorder c. narcissistic personality disorder d. dependent personality disorder

narcissistic personality disorder

Which of the following is a state of deprivation? a. incentive b. need c. intuition d. instinct

need

Which agent creates physiological dependence on tobacco products? a. Morphine b. Nicotine c. Mescaline d. Nembutal

nicotine

Hoarding is most closely related to which disorder? a. schizophrenia b. generalized anxiety disorder c. obsessive-compulsive disorder d. depression

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Nadar was at work when he suddenly felt as if he was choking, was going numb, and was having the chills. He most likely is suffering from a ____________. a. somatic disorder b. panic disorder c. obsessive-compulsive disorder d. dissociative disorder

panic disorder

Influenza is caused by a virus. This virus is an example of a broad category of disease-causing organisms called ________. a. antigens b. antibodies c. leukocytes d. pathogens

pathogens

Many health problems are affected by attitudes, emotions, and behavior, which are all ________. a. environmental factors b. sociocultural factors c. biological factors d. psychological factors

psychological factors

Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in emotional arousal and sleep? a. norepinephrine b. serotonin c. gamma-aminobutyric acid d. acetylcholine

serotonin

According to behaviorists, personality is formed by __________. a. situational or environmental influences b. genetic influences c. an equal contribution of genetic and environmental influences d. mostly our genetics with a little influence by our situational influences

situational or environmental influences

A sleep disorder in which the person repeatedly stops breathing during sleep is called a. insomnia b. somnambulism c. narcolepsy d. sleep apnea

sleep apnea

A person with normal color vision is labeled a a. bichromat b. monochromat c. dichromat d. trichromat

Trichromat

According to Freud, we are motivated to forget painful memories and unacceptable ideas because they produce anxiety, guilt, and shame.

True

In the classic study by Albert Bandura on aggressive behavior and observational learning, which of the following was true? Only boys imitated the aggressive behaviors of the adult model. Only girls imitated the aggressive behaviors of the adult model. The children played as usual and did not copy the aggression the adult model exhibited. Children, both boys and girls, often imitated the aggressive behaviors of the adult model.

Children, both boys and girls, often imitated the aggressive behaviors of the adult model.

Another term for declarative memory, which means the same thing because it indicates intentional remembering, is ___________ a. short term memory b. procedural memory c. explicit memory d. implicit memory

Explicit memory

Cones allow us to see in black and white, while rods provide color vision. Cones are more sensitive to dim light than rods are.

False (rods)

LaTonya was in a car accident and the doctor injected her with a radioactive tracer to make images of her brain using which technology? a. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) b. Electroencephalography (EEG) c. Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) d. Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

In Pavlov's experiments on classical conditioning, salivation of the dog in response to the meat powder is an unlearned or unconditioned response.

True

Anatomical deformities that clog the air passageways, such as a thick palate, and problems in the breathing centers in the brain are included as causes of which sleep disorder? a. Somnambulism b. Insomnia c. Sleep apnea d. Sleep terrors

Sleep apnea

Alec's doctor informs him that he is at an increased risk of heart disease due to which behavior? a. Binge drinking b. Getting less than 8 hours of sleep per night c. Smoking marijuana d. Smoking cigarettes

Smoking cigarettes

The theory that asserts organisms learn to engage in specific behaviors to reduce a state of tension is called _____. stimulus motives humanism drive-reduction homeostasis

drive-reduction

Psychological needs, like those for approval or achievement, can give rise to _____. incentives motives instincts drives

drives

When Afolabi is thirsty, he drinks, when he is hungry, he eats, both in order to maintain ________. a. self-actualization b. homeostasis c. drive-reduction d. satiety

homeostasis

Which term describes a rat that is characterized by excessive eating? a. hypoglycemic b. hyperphagic c. hypoglycemic d. aphagic

hyperphagic

Which of the following, along with receptors in our liver, helps regulate our hunger? a. hypothalamus b. hippocampus c. Broca's area d. amygdala

hypothalamus

Which of these is a pea-sized structure in the brain that is involved in many aspects of motivation, including sex, aggression, and hunger? a. occipital nucleus b. foramen magnum c. hypothalamus d. hippocampus

hypothalamus

The cessation of menstruation is called _________. a. menarche b. menopause c. andropause d. ovulation

menopause

The cessation of menstruation, at which point a woman's fertility ends, is called________________. a. menarche b. menopause c. ovulation d. oligomenorrhea

menopause

A hypothetical state that activates behavior, propelling one toward a goal incentive need motive drive

motive

Sara is a pregnant woman who is well past her due date, which was three weeks ago. The doctors decide that they must induce labor in Sara and inject her with ________. a. melatonin b. thyroxin c. vasopressin d. oxytocin

oxytocin

When nociceptors in the skin are stimulated, what will you experience? a. texture b. tickle c. pain d. temperature change

pain

Which of these is a neurotransmitter that controls muscle contractions? a. norepinephrine b. acetylcholine c. serotonin d. thyroxin

acetylcholine

According to the general adaptation syndrome, the which of these is first triggered by perception of a stressor? a. alarm reaction b. exhaustion stage c. flight reaction d. resistance stage

alarm reaction

Which part of the nervous system that is involved with sensory and motor neurons? a. enteric nervous system b. central nervous system c. autonomic nervous system d. peripheral nervous system

peripheral nervous system

Sleep, hunger, thirst, and oxygen are examples of _____. psychological drives physiological needs physiological drives psychological needs

physiological needs

According to Freud, the id follows the _________. a. moral principle b. pleasure principle c. reasoning principle d. reality principle

pleasure principle

Implicit memories involve methods and skills, cognitive and physical, and are also referred to as _______ a. declarative memories b. episodic memories c. semantic memories d. procedural memories

procedural memories

According to Freud, the ego is guided by the ___________. a. reality principle b. id c. superego d. pleasure principle

reality principle

According to the general adaptation syndrome, the levels of endocrine and sympathetic activity in which stage are lower than the levels in the alarm reaction but still higher than normal? a. resistance stage b. exhaustion stage c. refractory stage d. flight-or-flight stage

resistance stage

Excessive, irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as spiders, snakes, or heights describe which of the following? a. psychomotor retardations b. delusions c. hallucinations d. specific phobias

specific phobias

Humor helps people cope with stress by ________. a. stimulating the output of endorphins b. postponing making difficult decisions c. positive cognitive shifts that result in positive emotions. d. enhancing the functioning of the immune system

stimulating the output of endorphins

One of the advantages of which method is that by distributing questionnaires and analyzing answers with a computer, psychologists can study many thousands of people at a time? a. surveys b. case studies c. interviews d. simulation techniques

surveys

Which branch of the autonomic nervous system that is most active during when you are scared? a. somatic division b. sympathetic division c. central nervous system d. parasympathetic division

sympathetic division

Which structures that contain neurotransmitters are located within the axon terminals? a. synaptic vesicles b. soma c. dendrites d. glial cells

synaptic vesicles

A number of people with severe cases of epilepsy have split-brain operations that sever the ________. a. the somatosensory cortex b. the reticular formation c. the corpus callosum d. Wernicke's area

the corpus callosum

Which of the following is one of Selye's three stages in the general adaptation syndrome? a. the resilience stage b. the exhaustion stage c. the latency stage d. the stagnation stage

the exhaustion stage

Identify the third stage in Freud's theory of psychosexual development. a. the genital stage b. the latency stage c. the phallic stage d. the anal stage

the phallic stage

Which of the following proposes reasons for relationships among events and allow us to derive explanations and predictions? a. norms b. theories c. samples d. habits

theories

Physical needs give rise to drives like hunger and _______ concentration thirst emotion love

thirst

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the hydrocarbons, or tars, in cigarette and cigar smoke lead to lungcancer:

true

In Pavlov's famous experiment, the dog salivated in response to the tone because the tone became mentally connected with the meat powder. The meat powder is the unconditioned stimulus (UCS).

true

Kinesthesis is about motion and perception. In kinesthesis, sensory information is fed back to the brain from sensory organs in the joints, tendons, and muscles.

true

One suffering from mania may have grand delusional schemes, speak rapidly, and show a rapid flight of ideas.

true

Psychological states such as anxiety and depression can impair the functioning of the immune system.

true

The embryo is connected to the placenta by the __________. a. urethra b. umbilical cord c. uterine tube d. fallopian tube

umbilical cord

What is one difference, noted via MRI scans, that can be seen in the brains of people with schizophrenia? a. They generally have more white matter. b. They tend to have a larger prefrontal cortex. c. They generally have less grey matter. d. They tend to have more synaptic connections in the prefrontal cortex.

They generally have less grey matter

The phrase, "You cannot see the forest for the trees" most exemplifies which psychological perspective? a. behaviorists b. cognitive psychologists c. structuralists d. Gestalt psychologists

Gestalt psychologists

What role does the somatic nervous system play? a. It commands the brain to filter unwanted neural impulses that have been accidentally triggered. b. It primarily regulates the glands and the muscles of internal organs. c. It converts messages that are received from the central nervous system into involuntary reflexes. d. It transmits messages about sights, sounds, smells, and so on, to the central nervous system.

It transmits messages about sights, sounds, smells, and so on, to the central nervous system.

In the beginning of Pavlov's experiment in classical conditioning, the bell initially did not elicit a response from the dog. During this part of the process, which type of stimulus is the bell? a. Neutral b. Positive c. Unconditioned d. Negative

Neutral

Prior to conditioning, Kofi salivates in response to lasagna being placed in his mouth. Using classical conditioning terms, which is the correct labeling of stimuli and responses in this situation? The food is the conditioned stimulus; Kofi salivating is the conditioned response. The food is the conditioned stimulus; Kofi salivating is the unconditioned stimulus. The food is the unconditioned stimulus; Kofi salivating is the unconditioned response. The food is the unconditioned response; Kofi salivating is the unconditioned stimulus.

The food is the unconditioned stimulus; Kofi salivating is the unconditioned response.

Which of the following statements is true of amphetamines? They reduce irritability when consumed in high doses. They provide a euphoric rush when consumed in high doses. They increase hyperactivity. They improve hunger and appetite.

They provide a euphoric rush when consumed in high doses

The fear of open, crowded places is called ________. a. arachnophobia b. acrophobia c. claustrophobia d. agoraphobia

agoraphobia

Yağmur must choose between cake and ice cream for dessert. Since she likes them both, what kind of conflict is Yağmur facing? a. avoidance-avoidance b. approach-approach c. multiple approach-avoidance d. approach-avoidance

approach-approach

In the context of the general adaptation syndrome, the mixture of adrenaline and noradrenaline ________. a. forces the body to enter the exhaustion stage b. slows down the respiration rate c. suppresses the release of glucose from the liver d. arouses the body by accelerating the heart rate

arouses the body by accelerating the heart rate

Simone Biles is considered by many to be the greatest gymnast of all time. Which part of her brain is likely highly developed, helping her movements be smooth and balanced? a. cerebellum b. amygdala c. pons d. prefrontal cortex

cerebellum

Which of the following is the sequence of phases for the sexual response cycle? a. resolution, excitement, plateau, orgasmic b. resolution, excitement, orgasmic, plateau c. excitement, plateau, orgasmic, resolution d. excitement, orgasmic, plateau, resolution

excitement, plateau, orgasmic, resolution

Which type of somatic symptom disorder was previously called hypochondria? a. dissociative amnesia b. acute stress disorder c. illness anxiety disorder d. psychomotor retardation

illness anxiety disorder

Knowing how to play a piano without much conscious effort illustrates _______ a. implicit memory b. psychomotor memory c. episodic memory d. semantic memory

implicit memory

The immune system is able to eradicate foreign substances like pathogens because of the functioning of white blood cells called ________. a. leukocytes b. erythrocytes c. antigens d. corticosteroids

leukocytes

Which of the following techniques relies on subtle shifts in blood flow to create a brain scan? a. electroencephalography b. electrocardiography c. magnetic resonance imaging d. positron emission tomography

magnetic resonance imaging

Posttraumatic stress disorder: a. is also referred to as acute stress disorder. b. is primarily associated with absence of autonomic arousal. c. may occur months or years after a traumatic experience. d. occurs within a month of a traumatic experience and lasts only for a week.

may occur months or years after a traumatic experience

Biofeedback training, behavior modification, and programmed learning are all applications of__________ a. latent learning b. observational learning c. operant conditioning d. classical conditioning

operant conditioning

The Thematic Apperception Test is an example of which type of personality test? a. objective b. projective c. subjective d. inventory

projective

In the context of prenatal development, the fetal stage lasts from: a. the beginning of the third month of pregnancy until birth. b. the second month of pregnancy to the third month. c. the implantation until about the fourth week of development. d. the conception to the implantation.

the beginning of the third month of pregnancy until birth

Which of the following comes first in the stages of prenatal development? a. placenta b. zygote c. embryo d. fetus

zygote

The gate theory of pain suggests that pain sensations are processed and can be limited through neurons located in the ____ a. brain b. spine c. skin d. motor cortex

Spine

People with body dysmorphic disorder have dual personalities.

false

Which addictive depressants are used to relieve anxiety or induce sleep? a. Opiates b. Amphetamines c. Methylphenidates d. Barbiturates

Barbiturates

Which of the following statements about suicide is true? a. Non-college students are more likely to commit suicide than college students. b. Married people are more likely to commit suicide than unmarried people. c. College students are more likely to commit suicide than non-college students. d. Younger people are more likely to commit suicide than older people.

College students are more likely to commit suicide than non-college students.

Conductive deafness is different from sensorineural deafness in which of the following ways? Sensorineural deafness eventually corrects itself as hair cells regenerate. Hearing aids can be used to help with sensorineural deafness. Hearing aids can be used to help with conductive

Hearing aids can be used to help with conductive deafness.

Susan is in the alarm reaction stage of Selye's general adaptation syndrome. In this scenario, which of the following is most likely to occur? a. Her heart and respiration rates slow down and her muscles become fatigued. b. Her endocrine and sympathetic nervous systems shut down. c. Her hypothalamus secretes cortisol, which in turn causes her pituitary gland to secrete corticotropin-releasing hormones. d. Her body is aroused and she experiences a fight-or-flight reaction.

Her body is aroused and she experiences a fight-or-flight reaction

Which of the following statements is true of the scientific method? a. Psychologists using the scientific method of research always confuse correlations—or associations—between research findings with cause and effect. b. Psychologists are guided by principles of critical thinking as they try to draw conclusions from research evidence collected through the scientific method. c. The scientific method is a strict set of guidelines that psychologists must adhere to when conducting research on human behavior. d. The scientific method of research begins by testing a hypothesis.

Psychologists are guided by principles of critical thinking as they try to draw conclusions from research evidence collected through the scientific method.

According to your text, children watching violence in the media are potentially impacted by all of the following EXCEPT: Observational learning might promote such behaviors. Reduced probability of aggressive behavior. Habituation to violence may occur. Increased emotional arousal.

Reduced probability of aggressive behavior.

The sac within the uterus that contains the embryo or fetus is the _____________. a. thecal sac b. amniotic sac c. uterine sac d. bursa sac

amniotic sac

An object that is desirable for its own sake, such as money, is called _____. an instinct a drive a need an incentive

an incentive

What is the name of the disorder that is characterized by the cycling through both ecstatic elation to deep depression? a. posttraumatic stress disorder b. obsessive-compulsive disorder c. dissociative disorder d. bipolar disorder

bipolar disorder

In the context of specific phobias, what is the term used for the fear of tight or enclosed places? a. xenophobia b. acrophobia c. altophobia d. claustrophobia

claustrophobia

Which of the following is the correct order of Piaget's stages of cognitive development? a. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational b. sensorimotor, concrete operational, preoperational, formal operational c. concrete operational, sensorimotor, preoperational, formal operational d. preoperational, sensorimotor, concrete operational, formal operational

sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational

According to cognitive psychologists, ______ the changes caused by learning fully determine an organism's behavior learning is a temporary change in behavior the changes caused by learning influence an organism's behavior people are most likely to imitate behaviors that are inconsistent with their values

the changes caused by learning influence an organism's behavior

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is an example of an objective test present respondents with a standardized group of test items in the form of a questionnaire.

true

In the context of pain, which of the following statements is true? Pain is usually sharpest where nerve endings are densely packed. Modern research shows that acupuncture works by balancing the body's flow of energy. Pain does not reverberate throughout the nervous system.

Pain is usually sharpest where nerve endings are densely packed

People receive reinforcement in the form of information in ___ a. counterconditioning b. biofeedback training c. systematic desensitization d. regularization

Biofeedback training

In Freud's psychodynamic theory, what is the ejection of anxiety-evoking ideas from conscious awareness called? a. serial-position b. repression c. rehearsal d. eidetic imagery

Repression

What is the purpose of a split-brain operation? a. To integrate the functions of both the hemispheres of the cerebral cortex. b. To enhance aesthetic and emotional responses. c. To confine epileptic seizures to one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex. d. To modify the language functions of the brain.

To confine epileptic seizures to one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex.

Cancer, heart disease, and lung and respiratory diseases are all side effects of which drug? a. Nicotine b. Dehydrogenase c. Cocaine d. Acetaminophen

nicotine

Exposure to very loud sounds can lead to damage of the auditory nerve or hair cells, resulting in a. tympanosclerosis b. perichondritis c. sensorineural deafness d. conductive deafness

sensorineural deafness

Operant conditioning is essentially learning ________ the relationship between a behavior and a reinforcer an association between two stimuli by observing others' behaviors the consequences that follow a behavior

the consequences that follow a behavior

Psychoanalysis is the name of the theory of personality developed by Sigmund Freud.

true

Psychology seeks to describe, explain, predict, and control behavior and mental processes.

true

The brain and the spinal cord make up which of these parts of the nervous system? a. peripheral nervous system b. somatic nervous system c. autonomic nervous system d. central nervous system

central nervous system

Identify the factors that make up the Big Five factor model. a. psychoticism, extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness b. extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness c. extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and anxiousness d. extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, argumentativeness, and openness

extraversion, neuroticism, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness

Mindfulness meditation (MIM) provides clients with techniques they can use to a. improve hypnotic suggestibility. b. focus on the present. c. achieve spiritual goals. d. ruminate about problems.

focus on the present

What is sent by a neuron to relay its message to another neuron? a. electricity b. neurotransmitters c. nuclei d. hormones

neurotransmitters